SNZ TS ISO 19159.2:2025
Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data – Part 2: Lidar
The SA/SNZ TS ISO 19159 series standardises the calibration of remote-sensing imagery sensors and the validation of the calibration information and procedures. It does not address the validation of the data and the derived products. This part of SA/SNZ TS ISO 19159 covers the airborne land lidar (light detection and ranging) sensor. It includes the data capture and the calibration. The result of a lidar data capture is a lidar cloud according to AS/NZS ISO 19156:2023, Geographic information – Observations, measurements and samples. The bathymetric lidar is not included in the SA/SNZ TS ISO 19159 series. This technical specification was considered for adoption by the P4815 Identical Adoption of Geographic Information Standards and Technical Specifications Committee. The adoption of this technical specification maintains continuity with the ISO 19100 series and alignment with Australia for trans-Tasman consistency. This technical specification is identical with and has been reproduced from ISO TS 19159-2:2016, Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data – Part 2: Lidar.
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SNZ TS ISO 19159.2:2025 Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data – Part 2: Lidar
Committee representation
Acknowledgement
Copyright
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Conformance
3 Normative references
4 Terms and definitions
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5.1 Abbreviated terms
5.2 Symbols
5.3 Conventions
6 Calibration
6.1 Project
6.2 Coordinate Reference Systems
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Sensor frame – s
6.2.3 Body frame – b
6.2.4 Earth-centred, earth-fixed – e
6.2.5 Mapping frame – m
6.3 Transformations
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Airborne laser scanner observation equation
6.3.3 Strip adjustment
6.4 Intensity
6.5 Error model
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Trajectory positioning and orientation
6.5.3 Boresight error and misalignment matrix
6.5.4 Lever-arm
6.5.5 Scanner
6.5.6 Scanner assembly error 
6.6 In-flight calibration
6.7 Residual strip errors
6.8 Validation
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite
Annex B (normative) Data dictionary
Annex C (informative) Rotations
Bibliography
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SNZ TS ISO 19159.2:2025 Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data – Part 2: Lidar
Committee representation
Acknowledgement
Copyright
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Conformance
3 Normative references
4 Terms and definitions
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5.1 Abbreviated terms
5.2 Symbols
5.3 Conventions
6 Calibration
6.1 Project
6.2 Coordinate Reference Systems
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Sensor frame – s
6.2.3 Body frame – b
6.2.4 Earth-centred, earth-fixed – e
6.2.5 Mapping frame – m
6.3 Transformations
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Airborne laser scanner observation equation
6.3.3 Strip adjustment
6.4 Intensity
6.5 Error model
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Trajectory positioning and orientation
6.5.3 Boresight error and misalignment matrix
6.5.4 Lever-arm
6.5.5 Scanner
6.5.6 Scanner assembly error 
6.6 In-flight calibration
6.7 Residual strip errors
6.8 Validation
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite
Annex B (normative) Data dictionary
Annex C (informative) Rotations
Bibliography
SNZ TS ISO 19159.2:2025
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.