NZS 8635:2018
Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
Aims to improve the safety of passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors such as ski lifts, rope tows, gondolas, chairlifts, and similar devices that transport people and equipment uphill for recreational, sport, or sightseeing activities. It provides information for operators on current best practice. The standard includes the adoption of Canadian standard CSA Z98-14 with additional New Zealand-specific material in the form of four appendices covering non-destructive testing and examination standards and qualification of operators, roles and responsibilities under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015, application of the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999, and surface ropeways (fibre rope) with intermediate supports.
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NZS 8635:2018 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
Committee representation
Acknowledgement
Copyright
New Zealand Contents
Referenced documents
Related documents
Latest revisions
Review of standards
Foreword
Outcome statement
Z98-14 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
Standards Update Service
Technical Committee on Passenger Ropeways
Preface
1 Scope
1.1 General
1.2 Equipment covered
1.3 Freight
1.4 Existing installations
1.5 Exceptions
1.6 Funicular railways
1.7 Terminology
2 Reference publications
3 Definitions
4 General requirements
4.1 Scope
4.2 Alterations
4.3 Location and alignment
4.3.1 Site selection
4.3.2 Overhead systems
4.3.3 Clearing
4.4 General design requirements
4.4.1 Design considerations
4.4.2 Design loads
4.4.3 Designer
4.5 Materials, manufacturing, and quality control
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Materials
4.5.3 Quality assurance program
4.5.4 Referenced standards
4.6 Fatigue design
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Critical components
4.7 Corrosion and ice protection
4.8 Welding
4.9 Buildings and structures
4.9.1 General
4.9.2 Rigging connections
4.10 Station enclosures and machine rooms
4.11 Internal combustion engines
4.11.1 Fuel storage
4.11.2 Overspeed control
4.11.3 Exhaust
4.11.4 Engine shutdown
4.12 Hydraulic systems
4.13 Foundations
4.13.1 Design criteria
4.13.2 Foundation specifications
4.13.3 Concrete and rock anchor testing
4.13.4 Glacier foundations
4.14 Speed, capacity, and spacing
4.15 Crossing ropeways
4.16 Wind gauges
4.17 Towers and equipment
4.17.1 Gauge
4.17.2 Access
4.17.3 Identification
4.17.4 Rope lifting frames and hold-down anchors
4.17.5 Work platforms
4.17.6 Rope height adjustment
4.18 Line sheaves and sheave assemblies
4.18.1 Haul rope deflection
4.18.2 Support sheaves
4.18.3 Load distribution
4.18.4 Hold-down sheaves
4.18.5 Ropeline calculations
4.18.6 Combination sheave assemblies
4.18.7 Retaining sheaves
4.18.8 Bearings
4.18.9 Alignment
4.18.10 Haul rope retention
4.19 Tensioning sheaves
4.20 Drive and return sheaves
4.20.1 General
4.20.2 Diameter
4.20.3 Sheave retention
4.20.4 Haul rope retention
4.20.5 Liners
4.20.6 Guide sheaves
4.20.7 Groove scrapers
4.21 Tensioning systems
4.21.1 General
4.21.2 Counterweight tensioning
4.21.3 Winches
4.21.4 Floating return/tensioning sheaves
4.21.5 Hydraulic and pneumatic tensioning systems
4.22 Drive systems
4.22.1 General
4.22.2 Evacuation drive
4.22.3 Drive train components
4.22.4 Bearings, clutches, couplings, and shafts
4.22.5 Hydraulic drives
4.22.6 Auxiliary drive
4.23 Brakes and antirollback device
4.23.1 General
4.23.2 Service brake
4.23.3 Emergency brake
4.23.4 Antirollback device
4.24 Protection in stations
4.24.1 Guards
4.24.2 Exposed equipment
4.25 Loading and unloading areas
4.25.1 General
4.25.2 Handling of passengers
4.25.3 Unloading areas
4.25.4 Stations
4.26 Carriers
4.26.1 Static strength
4.26.2 Factors of safety
4.26.3 Endurance
4.26.4 Material
4.26.5 Manufacturer's tests
4.26.6 Maximum load
4.26.7 Identification
4.26.8 Sway dampers
4.26.9 Ski racks and other carrying devices
4.26.10 Work and freight carriers
4.27 Rope grips
4.27.1 General
4.27.2 Resistance to sliding
4.27.3 Springs
4.28 Rope tension
4.28.1 Maximum rope tension
4.28.2 Minimum rope tension
4.29 Controls
4.29.1 General
4.29.2 Location of controls
4.29.3 Lockouts
4.29.4 Service stopping devices
4.29.5 Emergency stopping devices
4.29.6 Deropement switches
4.29.7 Tensioning system or carriage stop
4.29.8 Safety gate
4.29.9 Bypass circuits
4.30 Electrical
4.30.1 General
4.30.2 Drives
4.30.3 Ungrounded power distribution systems
4.31 Communications
4.32 Signs
4.32.1 General
4.32.2 Additional signs for cabins
4.32.3 Unauthorized entry
4.32.4 Downhill capacity
4.32.5 Advertising signs
4.33 Fire protection
4.34 Night lighting
4.35 Emergency lighting
4.36 Avalanche control
4.37 Manuals
4.37.1 Language
4.37.2 Technical information
4.37.3 Operations manual
4.37.4 Maintenance manual
4.37.5 Rope lift-off during maintenance
4.37.6 Rope grips
5 Reversible passenger ropeways
5.1 General
5.2 General cabin clearances
5.3 Vertical clearances
5.4 Horizontal clearances
5.5 Wind force
5.5.1 Wind on cabins and hangers
5.5.2 Wind on ropes
5.5.3 Operations manual
5.6 Towers, track rope saddles, and roller chains
5.7 Haul rope guides
5.8 Cabin guides to limit cabin swing
5.9 Drives
5.9.1 Main drive
5.9.2 Evacuation drive
5.10 Braking systems
5.10.1 General
5.10.2 Service brake
5.10.3 Emergency brake
5.11 Systems with track rope brakes
5.12 Systems with no track rope brakes on twin track ropes per track
5.13 Friction of the haul rope on the drive bullwheel
5.14 Carriage
5.15 Cabin hanger
5.16 Cabins
5.17 Loading and unloading areas
5.17.1 Entrance guides
5.17.2 Cabin guides
5.17.3 Carrier stops
5.17.4 Platforms
5.18 Controls
5.18.1 General
5.18.2 Control room
5.19 Communications
5.20 Evacuation
6 Circulating passenger ropeways
6.1 General
6.2 Speed
6.3 Vertical clearances
6.4 Horizontal clearances
6.5 Ski tip deflectors
6.5.1 Lattice towers
6.5.2 Tubular towers
6.5.3 Clearance
6.6 Braking systems
6.7 Loading and unloading areas
6.8 Loading conveyors
6.8.1 Controls
6.8.2 Conveyor belt
6.8.3 Loading gates
6.8.4 Loading zone
6.8.5 Installation
6.9 Bullwheel unloading
6.10 Intermediate stations
6.11 Foot passengers
6.12 Enclosed passenger cabins
6.13 Chairs
6.14 Detachable grip ropeways
6.14.1 Maximum downhill loading speed
6.14.2 Carriers in the stations
6.14.3 Grip and rope position
6.14.4 Prevention of collisions
6.14.5 Speed synchronization
6.14.6 Carrier spacing
6.14.7 Carrier security
6.14.8 Grip force check
6.14.9 Grip on splice
6.14.10 Rail switches
6.14.11 Station entrance system
6.15 Safety gates
6.16 Haul rope retention (bi-cable and tri-cable systems)
6.17 Towers, track rope saddles, and roller chains
6.18 Carriage
6.19 Haul rope guides (bi-cable and tri-cable systems)
7 Surface passenger ropeways
7.1 General
7.2 Tow path
7.3 Carrier interval
7.4 Location and height of towers
7.5 Tower clearance
7.6 Drive and return sheaves
7.6.1 Floating return sheaves
7.6.2 Guides
7.7 Brakes
7.7.1 Service brake
7.7.2 Emergency brake
7.8 Antirollback device
7.9 Safety gate
7.10 Loading and unloading areas
8 Rope tows
8.1 General
8.2 Tow path
8.3 Capacity and speed
8.3.1 Capacity
8.3.2 Rope speed
8.4 Vertical clearances
8.4.1 Fibre rope tows
8.4.2 Wire rope tows
8.5 Horizontal clearances
8.6 Clearances between uphill and downhill ropes
8.6.1 Fibre rope tows
8.6.2 Wire rope tows
8.7 Vertical forces
8.8 Towers
8.9 Loading sheaves
8.10 Control of rope rotation
8.10.1 Fibre rope tows
8.10.2 Wire rope tows
8.11 Guides
8.12 Brakes
8.12.1 Service brake
8.12.2 Emergency brake
8.13 Antirollback device
8.14 Safety gate
8.15 Towing outfits
8.15.1 Rope grippers
8.15.2 Wire rope tows
8.16 Drive controls
9 Ropeways for secondary carriers
9.1 General
9.2 Tow path
9.3 Capacity
9.4 Rope speed
9.5 Vertical clearances
9.6 Horizontal clearances
9.7 Vertical forces
9.8 Towers
9.9 Loading sheaves
9.10 Control of rope rotation
9.11 Guides
9.12 Brakes
9.12.1 Service brake
9.12.2 Emergency brake
9.12.3 Antirollback device
9.13 Safety gate
9.14 Towing attachments
9.15 Drive controls
10 Conveyors
10.1 General
10.2 Conveyor path
10.3 Capacity and speed
10.4 Clearances
10.4.1 Clearing
10.4.2 Clearance to structures
10.5 Line equipment
10.6 Brakes, antirollback devices, and automatic stopping devices
10.6.3 Emergency stop unloading
10.6.4 Stopping device located downhill of belt transition area
10.6.5 Emergency brake
10.7 Drive
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Drive controls
10.8 Loading and unloading areas
10.9 Enclosures
11 Ropes and chains
11.1 General
11.2 Fibre ropes
11.2.1 Haul ropes of fibre rope tows
11.2.2 Factor of safety
11.3 Wire ropes
11.3.1 Physical properties
11.3.2 Factors of safety
11.4 Wire rope construction
11.4.1 Haul and counter ropes
11.4.2 Track ropes
11.4.3 Tensioning ropes
11.4.4 Guy ropes
11.5 Testing
11.6 Splices
11.6.1 Haul ropes and counter-ropes
11.6.2 Wire rope tows
11.6.3 Tensioning ropes
11.7 End connections
11.7.1 Haul ropes
11.7.2 Tensioning ropes
11.7.3 Track ropes
11.7.4 Sockets
11.7.5 Wire rope clips and thimbles
11.8 Non-destructive testing of ropes, sleeves, and sockets
11.9 Wire rope maintenance
11.10 Protruding broken wires
11.11 Replacement or repair of wire rope
11.11.1 General
11.11.2 Replacement criteria
11.11.3 Splices
11.11.4 Splicing in replacements
11.11.5 Damaged wires
11.11.6 Repairs to haul rope
11.12 Locked coil track rope broken wires
11.13 Wire rope log
11.14 Splice certificate
11.15 Chains in tensioning systems
11.15.1 General
11.15.2 Welded link chains
11.15.3 Roller and leaf chains
11.15.4 Factor of safety
11.15.5 Testing
11.15.6 Identification
11.16 Maintenance
12 Inspection, testing, and maintenance
12.1 General
12.2 Personnel training
12.3 Safety procedures during maintenance
12.3.1 Written safety procedures
12.3.2 Lockout procedures
12.4 Operational inspection
12.4.1 Daily inspection
12.4.2 Deicing
12.4.3 Internal combustion engines
12.4.4 Evacuation and auxiliary drives
12.4.5 Recording of and action on abnormalities
12.5 Tensioning and carriage systems
12.5.1 General
12.5.2 Tensioning system adjustment
12.6 Grounding
12.7 Maintenance procedures
12.8 Replacement components
12.8.3 Critical component failure
12.9 General inspection and maintenance
12.10 Grips and wire rope-towing outfits
12.10.9 Rope grips on a reversible ropeway
12.11 Reversible ropeway carriage service and maintenance
12.12 Rope elevation adjustment
12.13 Brake testing
12.14 Inspection and maintenance checklist
12.15 As-built survey and ropeline calculation
12.16 Acceptance tests and inspection
12.17 Periodic load testing
12.18 Non-destructive tests of carriers on above-surface ropeways
12.18.1 General
12.18.2 Defects
12.18.3 Tests and inspections for circulating passenger ropeways
13 Operation of passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
13.1 General
13.2 Personnel training
13.3 Owner responsibility
13.4 Ropeway or conveyor operations manual
13.5 Minimum number and location of operating personnel
13.6 Operational procedures and rules
13.7 Hazardous conditions
13.7.1 Wind or icing
13.7.2 Electrical storms
13.8 Communication
13.9 Stations
13.10 Loading and unloading stations
13.10.1 Procedures
13.10.2 Passengers failing to load or unload
13.10.3 Clearance
13.10.4 Loading station
13.10.5 Loading and unloading areas
13.11 Starting and stopping of ropeways and conveyors
13.12 Deicing
13.13 Manual transmissions
13.14 Tensioning system
13.15 Evacuation with evacuation drive
13.16 Manual evacuation
13.16.1 Evacuation plan
13.16.2 Personnel and equipment
13.16.3 Training
13.17 Termination of daily operations
13.18 Operational log
13.19 First aid
13.20 Fire protection
Annex A (informative) Approval checklist
Annex B (informative) Procedures for work carriers
Annex C (informative) Daily ropeway log
Annex D (informative) Inspection and maintenance checklist
Annex E (informative) Non-destructive rope test report
Annex F (informative) Grip carrier non-destructive test report
Annex G (informative) Wire rope splice certificate
Annex H (informative) Five-year load test report
Annex I (informative) Wire rope damage
Annex J (informative) Stopping times and distances for circulating passenger ropeways
Annex K (informative) Cast socket report
New Zealand appendix
A Non-destructive testing and examination standards and qualification of operators (Normative)
B Roles and responsibilities (Normative)
C Application of the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations (Normative)
D Surface ropeways (fibre rope) with intermediate supports (Normative)
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References
Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures - Smoke control door and shutter assemblies - Ambient and medium temperature leakage test procedure
Structural steel welding - Part 6: Welding stainless steels for structural purposes
Structural steel welding - Part 7: Welding of sheet steel structures
Safety of machinery - Part 1100: Application guide
Safety of machinery - Part 1201: General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
Safety of machinery - Part 1302: Risk assessment - Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery - Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers
Safety of machinery - Part 1303: Risk assessment - Practical guidance and examples of methods
Safety of machinery - Part 1401: Ergonomic principles - Design principles - Terminology and general principles
Safety of machinery - Part 1503: Safety-related parts of control systems - General principles for design
Safety of machinery - Part 1601: Design of controls, interlocks and guarding - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
Safety of machinery - Part 1602: Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection
Safety of machinery - Part 1604: Design of controls, interlocks and guarding - Emergency stop - Principles for design
Safety of machinery - Part 1701: Human body measurements - Basic human body measurements for technological design
Safety of machinery - Part 1702: Human body measurements - Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery
Safety of machinery - Part 1703: Human body measurements - Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings
Safety of machinery - Part 1704: Human body measurements - Anthropometric data
Safety of machinery - Part 1801: Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by upper and lower limbs
Safety of machinery - Part 1803: Safety distances and safety gaps - Minimum gaps to prevent crushing of parts of the human body
Safety of machinery - Part 1901: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
Safety of machinery - Part 1902: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Displays
Safety of machinery - Part 1903: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Control actuators
Safety of machinery - Part 1904: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Indication, marking and actuation - Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals
Safety of machinery - Part 1905: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Indication, marking and actuation - Requirements for marking
Safety of machinery - Part 1906: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - Indication, marking and actuation - Requirements for the location and operation of actuators
Safety of machinery - Part 1907: Displays, controls, actuators and signals - System of auditory and visual danger and information signals
Non-destructive examination and discard criteria for wire ropes in mine winding systems
Overhead line design
Concrete structures Standard: Amendment 1
Methods of test for concrete - Tests on hardened concrete other than for strength
Methods of test for concrete - Tests relating to grout
Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures - Combustibility test for materials
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NZS 8635:2018 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
Committee representation
Acknowledgement
Copyright
New Zealand Contents
Referenced documents
Related documents
Latest revisions
Review of standards
Foreword
Outcome statement
Z98-14 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
Standards Update Service
Technical Committee on Passenger Ropeways
Preface
1 Scope
1.1 General
1.2 Equipment covered
1.3 Freight
1.4 Existing installations
1.5 Exceptions
1.6 Funicular railways
1.7 Terminology
2 Reference publications
3 Definitions
4 General requirements
4.1 Scope
4.2 Alterations
4.3 Location and alignment
4.3.1 Site selection
4.3.2 Overhead systems
4.3.3 Clearing
4.4 General design requirements
4.4.1 Design considerations
4.4.2 Design loads
4.4.3 Designer
4.5 Materials, manufacturing, and quality control
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Materials
4.5.3 Quality assurance program
4.5.4 Referenced standards
4.6 Fatigue design
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Critical components
4.7 Corrosion and ice protection
4.8 Welding
4.9 Buildings and structures
4.9.1 General
4.9.2 Rigging connections
4.10 Station enclosures and machine rooms
4.11 Internal combustion engines
4.11.1 Fuel storage
4.11.2 Overspeed control
4.11.3 Exhaust
4.11.4 Engine shutdown
4.12 Hydraulic systems
4.13 Foundations
4.13.1 Design criteria
4.13.2 Foundation specifications
4.13.3 Concrete and rock anchor testing
4.13.4 Glacier foundations
4.14 Speed, capacity, and spacing
4.15 Crossing ropeways
4.16 Wind gauges
4.17 Towers and equipment
4.17.1 Gauge
4.17.2 Access
4.17.3 Identification
4.17.4 Rope lifting frames and hold-down anchors
4.17.5 Work platforms
4.17.6 Rope height adjustment
4.18 Line sheaves and sheave assemblies
4.18.1 Haul rope deflection
4.18.2 Support sheaves
4.18.3 Load distribution
4.18.4 Hold-down sheaves
4.18.5 Ropeline calculations
4.18.6 Combination sheave assemblies
4.18.7 Retaining sheaves
4.18.8 Bearings
4.18.9 Alignment
4.18.10 Haul rope retention
4.19 Tensioning sheaves
4.20 Drive and return sheaves
4.20.1 General
4.20.2 Diameter
4.20.3 Sheave retention
4.20.4 Haul rope retention
4.20.5 Liners
4.20.6 Guide sheaves
4.20.7 Groove scrapers
4.21 Tensioning systems
4.21.1 General
4.21.2 Counterweight tensioning
4.21.3 Winches
4.21.4 Floating return/tensioning sheaves
4.21.5 Hydraulic and pneumatic tensioning systems
4.22 Drive systems
4.22.1 General
4.22.2 Evacuation drive
4.22.3 Drive train components
4.22.4 Bearings, clutches, couplings, and shafts
4.22.5 Hydraulic drives
4.22.6 Auxiliary drive
4.23 Brakes and antirollback device
4.23.1 General
4.23.2 Service brake
4.23.3 Emergency brake
4.23.4 Antirollback device
4.24 Protection in stations
4.24.1 Guards
4.24.2 Exposed equipment
4.25 Loading and unloading areas
4.25.1 General
4.25.2 Handling of passengers
4.25.3 Unloading areas
4.25.4 Stations
4.26 Carriers
4.26.1 Static strength
4.26.2 Factors of safety
4.26.3 Endurance
4.26.4 Material
4.26.5 Manufacturer's tests
4.26.6 Maximum load
4.26.7 Identification
4.26.8 Sway dampers
4.26.9 Ski racks and other carrying devices
4.26.10 Work and freight carriers
4.27 Rope grips
4.27.1 General
4.27.2 Resistance to sliding
4.27.3 Springs
4.28 Rope tension
4.28.1 Maximum rope tension
4.28.2 Minimum rope tension
4.29 Controls
4.29.1 General
4.29.2 Location of controls
4.29.3 Lockouts
4.29.4 Service stopping devices
4.29.5 Emergency stopping devices
4.29.6 Deropement switches
4.29.7 Tensioning system or carriage stop
4.29.8 Safety gate
4.29.9 Bypass circuits
4.30 Electrical
4.30.1 General
4.30.2 Drives
4.30.3 Ungrounded power distribution systems
4.31 Communications
4.32 Signs
4.32.1 General
4.32.2 Additional signs for cabins
4.32.3 Unauthorized entry
4.32.4 Downhill capacity
4.32.5 Advertising signs
4.33 Fire protection
4.34 Night lighting
4.35 Emergency lighting
4.36 Avalanche control
4.37 Manuals
4.37.1 Language
4.37.2 Technical information
4.37.3 Operations manual
4.37.4 Maintenance manual
4.37.5 Rope lift-off during maintenance
4.37.6 Rope grips
5 Reversible passenger ropeways
5.1 General
5.2 General cabin clearances
5.3 Vertical clearances
5.4 Horizontal clearances
5.5 Wind force
5.5.1 Wind on cabins and hangers
5.5.2 Wind on ropes
5.5.3 Operations manual
5.6 Towers, track rope saddles, and roller chains
5.7 Haul rope guides
5.8 Cabin guides to limit cabin swing
5.9 Drives
5.9.1 Main drive
5.9.2 Evacuation drive
5.10 Braking systems
5.10.1 General
5.10.2 Service brake
5.10.3 Emergency brake
5.11 Systems with track rope brakes
5.12 Systems with no track rope brakes on twin track ropes per track
5.13 Friction of the haul rope on the drive bullwheel
5.14 Carriage
5.15 Cabin hanger
5.16 Cabins
5.17 Loading and unloading areas
5.17.1 Entrance guides
5.17.2 Cabin guides
5.17.3 Carrier stops
5.17.4 Platforms
5.18 Controls
5.18.1 General
5.18.2 Control room
5.19 Communications
5.20 Evacuation
6 Circulating passenger ropeways
6.1 General
6.2 Speed
6.3 Vertical clearances
6.4 Horizontal clearances
6.5 Ski tip deflectors
6.5.1 Lattice towers
6.5.2 Tubular towers
6.5.3 Clearance
6.6 Braking systems
6.7 Loading and unloading areas
6.8 Loading conveyors
6.8.1 Controls
6.8.2 Conveyor belt
6.8.3 Loading gates
6.8.4 Loading zone
6.8.5 Installation
6.9 Bullwheel unloading
6.10 Intermediate stations
6.11 Foot passengers
6.12 Enclosed passenger cabins
6.13 Chairs
6.14 Detachable grip ropeways
6.14.1 Maximum downhill loading speed
6.14.2 Carriers in the stations
6.14.3 Grip and rope position
6.14.4 Prevention of collisions
6.14.5 Speed synchronization
6.14.6 Carrier spacing
6.14.7 Carrier security
6.14.8 Grip force check
6.14.9 Grip on splice
6.14.10 Rail switches
6.14.11 Station entrance system
6.15 Safety gates
6.16 Haul rope retention (bi-cable and tri-cable systems)
6.17 Towers, track rope saddles, and roller chains
6.18 Carriage
6.19 Haul rope guides (bi-cable and tri-cable systems)
7 Surface passenger ropeways
7.1 General
7.2 Tow path
7.3 Carrier interval
7.4 Location and height of towers
7.5 Tower clearance
7.6 Drive and return sheaves
7.6.1 Floating return sheaves
7.6.2 Guides
7.7 Brakes
7.7.1 Service brake
7.7.2 Emergency brake
7.8 Antirollback device
7.9 Safety gate
7.10 Loading and unloading areas
8 Rope tows
8.1 General
8.2 Tow path
8.3 Capacity and speed
8.3.1 Capacity
8.3.2 Rope speed
8.4 Vertical clearances
8.4.1 Fibre rope tows
8.4.2 Wire rope tows
8.5 Horizontal clearances
8.6 Clearances between uphill and downhill ropes
8.6.1 Fibre rope tows
8.6.2 Wire rope tows
8.7 Vertical forces
8.8 Towers
8.9 Loading sheaves
8.10 Control of rope rotation
8.10.1 Fibre rope tows
8.10.2 Wire rope tows
8.11 Guides
8.12 Brakes
8.12.1 Service brake
8.12.2 Emergency brake
8.13 Antirollback device
8.14 Safety gate
8.15 Towing outfits
8.15.1 Rope grippers
8.15.2 Wire rope tows
8.16 Drive controls
9 Ropeways for secondary carriers
9.1 General
9.2 Tow path
9.3 Capacity
9.4 Rope speed
9.5 Vertical clearances
9.6 Horizontal clearances
9.7 Vertical forces
9.8 Towers
9.9 Loading sheaves
9.10 Control of rope rotation
9.11 Guides
9.12 Brakes
9.12.1 Service brake
9.12.2 Emergency brake
9.12.3 Antirollback device
9.13 Safety gate
9.14 Towing attachments
9.15 Drive controls
10 Conveyors
10.1 General
10.2 Conveyor path
10.3 Capacity and speed
10.4 Clearances
10.4.1 Clearing
10.4.2 Clearance to structures
10.5 Line equipment
10.6 Brakes, antirollback devices, and automatic stopping devices
10.6.3 Emergency stop unloading
10.6.4 Stopping device located downhill of belt transition area
10.6.5 Emergency brake
10.7 Drive
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Drive controls
10.8 Loading and unloading areas
10.9 Enclosures
11 Ropes and chains
11.1 General
11.2 Fibre ropes
11.2.1 Haul ropes of fibre rope tows
11.2.2 Factor of safety
11.3 Wire ropes
11.3.1 Physical properties
11.3.2 Factors of safety
11.4 Wire rope construction
11.4.1 Haul and counter ropes
11.4.2 Track ropes
11.4.3 Tensioning ropes
11.4.4 Guy ropes
11.5 Testing
11.6 Splices
11.6.1 Haul ropes and counter-ropes
11.6.2 Wire rope tows
11.6.3 Tensioning ropes
11.7 End connections
11.7.1 Haul ropes
11.7.2 Tensioning ropes
11.7.3 Track ropes
11.7.4 Sockets
11.7.5 Wire rope clips and thimbles
11.8 Non-destructive testing of ropes, sleeves, and sockets
11.9 Wire rope maintenance
11.10 Protruding broken wires
11.11 Replacement or repair of wire rope
11.11.1 General
11.11.2 Replacement criteria
11.11.3 Splices
11.11.4 Splicing in replacements
11.11.5 Damaged wires
11.11.6 Repairs to haul rope
11.12 Locked coil track rope broken wires
11.13 Wire rope log
11.14 Splice certificate
11.15 Chains in tensioning systems
11.15.1 General
11.15.2 Welded link chains
11.15.3 Roller and leaf chains
11.15.4 Factor of safety
11.15.5 Testing
11.15.6 Identification
11.16 Maintenance
12 Inspection, testing, and maintenance
12.1 General
12.2 Personnel training
12.3 Safety procedures during maintenance
12.3.1 Written safety procedures
12.3.2 Lockout procedures
12.4 Operational inspection
12.4.1 Daily inspection
12.4.2 Deicing
12.4.3 Internal combustion engines
12.4.4 Evacuation and auxiliary drives
12.4.5 Recording of and action on abnormalities
12.5 Tensioning and carriage systems
12.5.1 General
12.5.2 Tensioning system adjustment
12.6 Grounding
12.7 Maintenance procedures
12.8 Replacement components
12.8.3 Critical component failure
12.9 General inspection and maintenance
12.10 Grips and wire rope-towing outfits
12.10.9 Rope grips on a reversible ropeway
12.11 Reversible ropeway carriage service and maintenance
12.12 Rope elevation adjustment
12.13 Brake testing
12.14 Inspection and maintenance checklist
12.15 As-built survey and ropeline calculation
12.16 Acceptance tests and inspection
12.17 Periodic load testing
12.18 Non-destructive tests of carriers on above-surface ropeways
12.18.1 General
12.18.2 Defects
12.18.3 Tests and inspections for circulating passenger ropeways
13 Operation of passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
13.1 General
13.2 Personnel training
13.3 Owner responsibility
13.4 Ropeway or conveyor operations manual
13.5 Minimum number and location of operating personnel
13.6 Operational procedures and rules
13.7 Hazardous conditions
13.7.1 Wind or icing
13.7.2 Electrical storms
13.8 Communication
13.9 Stations
13.10 Loading and unloading stations
13.10.1 Procedures
13.10.2 Passengers failing to load or unload
13.10.3 Clearance
13.10.4 Loading station
13.10.5 Loading and unloading areas
13.11 Starting and stopping of ropeways and conveyors
13.12 Deicing
13.13 Manual transmissions
13.14 Tensioning system
13.15 Evacuation with evacuation drive
13.16 Manual evacuation
13.16.1 Evacuation plan
13.16.2 Personnel and equipment
13.16.3 Training
13.17 Termination of daily operations
13.18 Operational log
13.19 First aid
13.20 Fire protection
Annex A (informative) Approval checklist
Annex B (informative) Procedures for work carriers
Annex C (informative) Daily ropeway log
Annex D (informative) Inspection and maintenance checklist
Annex E (informative) Non-destructive rope test report
Annex F (informative) Grip carrier non-destructive test report
Annex G (informative) Wire rope splice certificate
Annex H (informative) Five-year load test report
Annex I (informative) Wire rope damage
Annex J (informative) Stopping times and distances for circulating passenger ropeways
Annex K (informative) Cast socket report
New Zealand appendix
A Non-destructive testing and examination standards and qualification of operators (Normative)
B Roles and responsibilities (Normative)
C Application of the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations (Normative)
D Surface ropeways (fibre rope) with intermediate supports (Normative)
NZS 8635:2018
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