ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014
Guide for addressing accessibility in standards
ISO/IEC Guide 71:2014 provides guidance to standards developers on addressing accessibility requirements and recommendations in standards that focus, whether directly or indirectly, on systems (i.e. products, services and built environments) used by people. To assist standards developers to define accessibility requirements and recommendations, it presents a summary of current terminology relating to accessibility, issues to consider in support of accessibility in the standards development process, a set of accessibility goals (used to identify user accessibility needs), descriptions of (and design considerations for) human abilities and characteristics, and strategies for addressing user accessibility needs and design considerations in standards.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Accessibility
3.1 General
3.2 Accessibility and standards
4 Accessibility in the standards development process
4.1 General
4.2 Considerations by standards bodies
4.3 Considerations related to the standards development process
4.3.1 Stage 1: Define the standards project and determine the applicability of this Guide
4.3.2 Stage 2: Ensure the standards development committee is well equipped to implement an accessible process with equitable participation
4.3.3 Stage 3: Develop the content of the standard
4.3.4 Stage 4: Issue the draft standard for public review and vote and revise the standard as needed
4.3.5 Stage 5: Publish the standard
5 How to apply the Guide
5.1 Two approaches to addressing accessibility in standards
5.2 Other sources of information
5.3 Verifying and validating that accessibility is adequately addressed
6 Accessibility goals
6.1 General
6.1.1 Structure of the goals
6.1.2 Identifying user accessibility needs
6.1.3 Applying user accessibility needs to generate requirements and recommendations
6.2 The goals
6.2.1 Suitability for the widest range of users
6.2.2 Conformity with user expectations
6.2.3 Support for individualization
6.2.4 Approachability
6.2.5 Perceivability
6.2.6 Understandability
6.2.7 Controllability
6.2.8 Usability
6.2.9 Error tolerance
6.2.10 Equitable use
6.2.11 Compatibility with other systems
7 Human abilities and characteristics
7.1 General
7.1.1 Description
7.1.2 Diversity of human abilities and characteristics
7.2 Sensory abilities and characteristics
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Seeing functions
7.2.3 Hearing functions
7.2.4 Touch functions
7.2.5 Taste functions and smell functions
7.3 Immunological system functions
7.3.1 Description
7.3.2 Impairments and limitations
7.3.3 Design considerations
7.4 Physical abilities and characteristics
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Body size
7.4.3 Movement: Functions of upper body structures and fine hand use abilities
7.4.4 Movement: Functions of lower body structures
7.4.5 Muscle power and muscle endurance
7.4.6 Voice and speech
7.5 Cognitive abilities
7.5.1 Description
7.5.2 Impairments and limitations
7.5.3 Design considerations
8 Strategies for addressing user accessibility needs and design considerations in standards
8.1 General
8.2 Developing standard-specific requirements and recommendations based on user accessibility needs and design considerations
8.2.1 Provide multiple means of information presentation and user interaction
8.2.2 Set fixed parameters to accommodate the widest range of users
8.2.3 Set adjustable parameters to accommodate the widest range of users
8.2.4 Minimize unnecessary complexity
8.2.5 Provide individualized access to a system
8.2.6 Eliminate unnecessary limits or constraints on user interactions with a system
8.2.7 Provide compatibility with assistive products and assistive technology
8.2.8 Provide alternative versions of a system
Annex A (informative) Global trends supporting accessibility
Annex B (informative) The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a resource for terminology
Annex C (informative) Questions to aid in achieving the accessibility goals
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Accessibility
3.1 General
3.2 Accessibility and standards
4 Accessibility in the standards development process
4.1 General
4.2 Considerations by standards bodies
4.3 Considerations related to the standards development process
4.3.1 Stage 1: Define the standards project and determine the applicability of this Guide
4.3.2 Stage 2: Ensure the standards development committee is well equipped to implement an accessible process with equitable participation
4.3.3 Stage 3: Develop the content of the standard
4.3.4 Stage 4: Issue the draft standard for public review and vote and revise the standard as needed
4.3.5 Stage 5: Publish the standard
5 How to apply the Guide
5.1 Two approaches to addressing accessibility in standards
5.2 Other sources of information
5.3 Verifying and validating that accessibility is adequately addressed
6 Accessibility goals
6.1 General
6.1.1 Structure of the goals
6.1.2 Identifying user accessibility needs
6.1.3 Applying user accessibility needs to generate requirements and recommendations
6.2 The goals
6.2.1 Suitability for the widest range of users
6.2.2 Conformity with user expectations
6.2.3 Support for individualization
6.2.4 Approachability
6.2.5 Perceivability
6.2.6 Understandability
6.2.7 Controllability
6.2.8 Usability
6.2.9 Error tolerance
6.2.10 Equitable use
6.2.11 Compatibility with other systems
7 Human abilities and characteristics
7.1 General
7.1.1 Description
7.1.2 Diversity of human abilities and characteristics
7.2 Sensory abilities and characteristics
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Seeing functions
7.2.3 Hearing functions
7.2.4 Touch functions
7.2.5 Taste functions and smell functions
7.3 Immunological system functions
7.3.1 Description
7.3.2 Impairments and limitations
7.3.3 Design considerations
7.4 Physical abilities and characteristics
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Body size
7.4.3 Movement: Functions of upper body structures and fine hand use abilities
7.4.4 Movement: Functions of lower body structures
7.4.5 Muscle power and muscle endurance
7.4.6 Voice and speech
7.5 Cognitive abilities
7.5.1 Description
7.5.2 Impairments and limitations
7.5.3 Design considerations
8 Strategies for addressing user accessibility needs and design considerations in standards
8.1 General
8.2 Developing standard-specific requirements and recommendations based on user accessibility needs and design considerations
8.2.1 Provide multiple means of information presentation and user interaction
8.2.2 Set fixed parameters to accommodate the widest range of users
8.2.3 Set adjustable parameters to accommodate the widest range of users
8.2.4 Minimize unnecessary complexity
8.2.5 Provide individualized access to a system
8.2.6 Eliminate unnecessary limits or constraints on user interactions with a system
8.2.7 Provide compatibility with assistive products and assistive technology
8.2.8 Provide alternative versions of a system
Annex A (informative) Global trends supporting accessibility
Annex B (informative) The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a resource for terminology
Annex C (informative) Questions to aid in achieving the accessibility goals
Bibliography