ISO Guide 84:2020
Guidelines for addressing climate change in standards
This document provides guidance to standards developers on how to take account of climate change in the planning, drafting, revision and updating of ISO standards and other deliverables.
It outlines a framework and general principles that standards developers can use to develop their own approach to addressing climate change on a subject-specific basis.
It aims to enable standards developers to include adaptation to climate change (ACC) and climate change mitigation (CCM) considerations in their standardization work. Considerations related to ACC are intended to contribute to increasing preparedness and disaster reduction as well as impacting the resilience of organizations and their technologies, activities or products (TAPs). Considerations related to CCM consist primarily of approaches that seek to avoid, reduce or limit the release of GHG emissions and/or increase GHG removals.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
4 Understanding and responding to climate change
4.1 What is climate change?
4.2 Climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change
4.2.1 General
4.2.2 Climate change mitigation
4.2.3 Adaptation to climate change
4.2.4 Interrelation between climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change
5 Addressing climate change in standards
5.1 General
5.2 Principles related to addressing climate change in standards
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Interactivity
5.2.3 Clarity
5.2.4 Involvement of interested parties
5.2.5 Transparency
5.2.6 Fairness and equity
5.2.7 Performance-driven approach
5.2.8 Future orientation
6 Planning the strategy
6.1 General
6.2 Issues to think about before establishing a committee
6.3 Strategic business plan
6.4 Review and revision of standards
7 Planning the content
7.1 Responsibilities
7.2 Understanding approaches to responding to climate change
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Systems approach
7.2.3 Life cycle approach
7.2.4 Risk-based approach
7.2.5 Precautionary approach
7.3 Identifying climate change issues
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Identifying relevant climate change issues
7.3.3 Identifying significant climate change issues
8 Addressing climate change issues
8.1 General
8.2 Consider interrelations between adaptation and mitigation
8.3 Addressing climate change mitigation when dealing with specific sources
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 GHG emissions from the direct or indirect combustion of fuels and energy efficiency
8.3.3 GHG emissions from the use of fluorinated industrial gases
8.3.4 GHG emissions from the process industries
8.3.5 GHG emissions from agriculture
8.3.6 GHG emissions from livestock operations
8.3.7 GHG emissions from waste management
8.3.8 GHG emissions from biomass and natural processes
8.3.9 GHG emissions from road transportation fuels
8.3.10 GHG emissions from the aviation sector
8.3.11 GHG emissions from maritime shipping
8.4 Mitigation approaches
8.4.1 GHG reduction through energy management and energy efficiency
8.4.2 GHG reduction through renewable energy
8.4.3 GHG reduction through fuel switching
8.4.4 GHG reduction through resource management
8.4.5 Carbon capture, use, and storage
8.5 Financing the transition to a low carbon economy
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Policy incentives
8.5.3 Green debt instruments
8.5.4 Mitigation projects
8.6 Addressing climate change adaptation aspects in product and process standards
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Considerations and approaches for adaptation
8.6.3 Incorporating climate change adaptation measures into standards
8.6.4 Process standards
8.6.5 Product standards
8.7 Adaptation and mitigation in management system standards
8.8 Other aspects for consideration
8.8.1 Organizational inventories
8.8.2 GHG project monitoring
8.8.3 Per unit of product “footprints”
8.8.4 Role of verification in monitoring and evaluation
Annex A (informative) Using systems thinking to set boundaries for climate change adaptation
Annex B (informative) Background information on approaches for responding to climate change
Annex C (informative) Planetary boundary conditions
Annex D (informative) Adaptation to climate change and climate change mitigation: Examples and supporting information
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
4 Understanding and responding to climate change
4.1 What is climate change?
4.2 Climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change
4.2.1 General
4.2.2 Climate change mitigation
4.2.3 Adaptation to climate change
4.2.4 Interrelation between climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change
5 Addressing climate change in standards
5.1 General
5.2 Principles related to addressing climate change in standards
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Interactivity
5.2.3 Clarity
5.2.4 Involvement of interested parties
5.2.5 Transparency
5.2.6 Fairness and equity
5.2.7 Performance-driven approach
5.2.8 Future orientation
6 Planning the strategy
6.1 General
6.2 Issues to think about before establishing a committee
6.3 Strategic business plan
6.4 Review and revision of standards
7 Planning the content
7.1 Responsibilities
7.2 Understanding approaches to responding to climate change
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Systems approach
7.2.3 Life cycle approach
7.2.4 Risk-based approach
7.2.5 Precautionary approach
7.3 Identifying climate change issues
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Identifying relevant climate change issues
7.3.3 Identifying significant climate change issues
8 Addressing climate change issues
8.1 General
8.2 Consider interrelations between adaptation and mitigation
8.3 Addressing climate change mitigation when dealing with specific sources
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 GHG emissions from the direct or indirect combustion of fuels and energy efficiency
8.3.3 GHG emissions from the use of fluorinated industrial gases
8.3.4 GHG emissions from the process industries
8.3.5 GHG emissions from agriculture
8.3.6 GHG emissions from livestock operations
8.3.7 GHG emissions from waste management
8.3.8 GHG emissions from biomass and natural processes
8.3.9 GHG emissions from road transportation fuels
8.3.10 GHG emissions from the aviation sector
8.3.11 GHG emissions from maritime shipping
8.4 Mitigation approaches
8.4.1 GHG reduction through energy management and energy efficiency
8.4.2 GHG reduction through renewable energy
8.4.3 GHG reduction through fuel switching
8.4.4 GHG reduction through resource management
8.4.5 Carbon capture, use, and storage
8.5 Financing the transition to a low carbon economy
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Policy incentives
8.5.3 Green debt instruments
8.5.4 Mitigation projects
8.6 Addressing climate change adaptation aspects in product and process standards
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Considerations and approaches for adaptation
8.6.3 Incorporating climate change adaptation measures into standards
8.6.4 Process standards
8.6.5 Product standards
8.7 Adaptation and mitigation in management system standards
8.8 Other aspects for consideration
8.8.1 Organizational inventories
8.8.2 GHG project monitoring
8.8.3 Per unit of product “footprints”
8.8.4 Role of verification in monitoring and evaluation
Annex A (informative) Using systems thinking to set boundaries for climate change adaptation
Annex B (informative) Background information on approaches for responding to climate change
Annex C (informative) Planetary boundary conditions
Annex D (informative) Adaptation to climate change and climate change mitigation: Examples and supporting information
Bibliography