ISO 5164:2014
Petroleum products — Determination of knock characteristics of motor fuels — Research method
ISO 5164:2014 establishes the rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of an arbitrary scale of octane numbers using a standard single-cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carburetted, CFR engine operated at constant speed. Research octane number (RON) provides a measure of the knock characteristics of motor fuels in automotive engines under mild conditions of operation.
ISO 5164:2014 is applicable for the entire scale range from 0 RON to 120 RON, but the working range is 40 RON to 120 RON. Typical motor fuel testing is in the range of 88 RON to 101 RON.
ISO 5164:2014 is applicable for oxygenate-containing fuels containing up to 4,0 % (m/m) oxygen and for gasoline containing up to 25 % (V/V) ethanol.
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Section sec_1
Section sec_2
Section sec_3
Section sec_3.1
Section sec_3.2
Section sec_3.3
Section sec_3.4
Section sec_3.5
Section sec_3.6
Section sec_3.7
Section sec_3.8
Section sec_3.9
Section sec_3.10
Section sec_3.11
Section sec_3.12
Section sec_3.13
Section sec_3.14
Section sec_3.15
Section sec_3.16
Section sec_3.17
Section sec_3.18
Section sec_3.19
Section sec_4
Section sec_5
Section sec_5.1
Section sec_5.2
Section sec_5.3
Section sec_5.4
Section sec_5.5
Section sec_5.6
Section sec_5.7
Section sec_5.8
Section sec_5.9
Section sec_5.10
Section sec_6
Section sec_6.1
Section sec_6.2
Section sec_6.3
Section sec_6.4
Section sec_6.5
Section sec_6.6
Section sec_7
Section sec_7.1
Section sec_7.2
Section sec_7.3
Section sec_8
Section sec_8.1
Section sec_8.2
Section sec_8.3
Section sec_8.4
Section sec_8.5
Section sec_8.6
Section sec_8.7
Section sec_8.8
Section sec_8.9
Section sec_8.10
Section sec_8.11
Section sec_8.12
Section sec_8.12.1
Table tab_1
Section sec_8.12.2
Section sec_8.12.3
Section sec_8.13
Section sec_8.14
Section sec_8.15
Section sec_8.16
Section sec_8.17
Section sec_8.18
Section sec_8.19
Section sec_8.20
Section sec_8.21
Section sec_8.22
Section sec_8.23
Section sec_8.24
Section sec_8.25
Section sec_8.26
Section sec_8.27
Table tab_b
Figure fig_1
Section sec_8.28
Section sec_8.29
Section sec_8.30
Section sec_8.31
Section sec_9
Section sec_9.1
Section sec_9.2
Section sec_9.2.1
Section sec_9.2.2
Section sec_9.2.3
Section sec_9.2.4
Section sec_9.3
Section sec_9.3.1
Table tab_2
Section sec_9.3.2
Section sec_9.3.3
Section sec_9.4
Section sec_9.4.1
Section sec_9.4.2
Section sec_9.5
Table tab_3
Section sec_10
Section sec_10.1
Section sec_10.2
Section sec_10.3
Section sec_10.3.1
Section sec_10.3.2
Section sec_10.3.3
Section sec_10.3.4
Section sec_10.3.5
Section sec_10.4
Section sec_10.4.1
Section sec_10.4.2
Section sec_10.4.3
Section sec_10.4.4
Section sec_10.4.5
Section sec_10.4.6
Table tab_4
Section sec_10.5
Section sec_10.5.1
Section sec_10.5.2
Section sec_10.5.3
Section sec_10.5.4
Section sec_10.6
Section sec_10.6.1
Section sec_10.6.2
Section sec_10.6.3
Section sec_10.6.4
Section sec_10.6.5
Section sec_10.7
Section sec_10.7.1
Section sec_10.7.2
Section sec_10.8
Section sec_10.8.1
Section sec_10.8.2
Section sec_11
Section sec_11.1
Section sec_11.2
Section sec_11.3
Section sec_11.4
Section sec_11.5
Section sec_12
Table tab_5
Section sec_13
Section sec_13.1
Section sec_13.2
Section sec_13.3
Section sec_13.4
Section sec_13.5
Table tab_6
Section sec_14
Annex sec_A
Annex sec_A.1
Annex sec_A.2
Annex sec_A.3
Annex sec_A.4
Annex sec_A.5
Annex sec_A.6
Annex sec_A.7
Annex sec_A.8
Annex sec_A.9
Annex sec_A.10
Reference ref_1
Reference ref_2
Reference ref_3
Reference ref_4
Reference ref_5
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Reagents and reference materials
6 Apparatus
7 Sampling and sample preparation
8 Basic engine and instrument settings and standard operating conditions
8.1 Installation of engine equipment and instrumentation
8.2 Engine speed
8.3 Valve timing
8.4 Valve lift
8.5 Intake valve shroud
8.6 Carburettor venturi
8.7 Direction of engine rotation
8.8 Valve clearances
8.9 Oil pressure
8.10 Oil temperature
8.11 Cylinder jacket coolant temperature
8.12 Intake air temperature
8.13 Intake air humidity
8.14 Cylinder jacket coolant level
8.15 Engine crankcase lubricating oil level
8.16 Crankcase internal pressure
8.17 Exhaust back-pressure
8.18 Exhaust and crankcase breather system resonance
8.19 Belt tension
8.20 Rocker arm carrier support basic setting
8.21 Rocker arm carrier basic setting
8.22 Rocker arm and push rod length basic settings
8.23 Basic spark setting
8.24 Basic ignition timer control arm setting
8.25 Basic ignition timer transducer to rotor vane gap setting
8.26 Spark-plug gap
8.27 Basic cylinder height setting
8.28 Fuel-air ratio
8.29 Carburettor cooling
8.30 Knockmeter reading limits
8.31 Detonation meter spread and time constant settings
9 Engine calibration and qualification
9.1 General
9.2 Engine fit-for-use qualification
9.3 Fit-for-use procedure in the 87,1 RON to 100,0 RON range
9.4 Fit-for-use procedure below 87,1 RON and above 100,0 RON
9.5 Checking performance on check fuels
10 Procedure
10.1 General
10.2 Start-up
10.3 Calibration
10.4 Sample fuel
10.5 Primary reference fuel No. 1
10.6 Primary reference fuel No. 2
10.7 Additional measurement readings
10.8 Special instructions for ratings above 100,0 RON
11 Calculation
12 Expression of results
13 Precision
13.1 General
13.2 Repeatability, r
13.3 Reproducibility, R
13.4 Precision for ratings at barometric pressures below 94,6 kPa
13.5 Precision for fuels containing 15% to 25% (V/V) ethanol
14 Test report
Annex A (informative) Test variable characteristics
Bibliography
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Section sec_1
Section sec_2
Section sec_3
Section sec_3.1
Section sec_3.2
Section sec_3.3
Section sec_3.4
Section sec_3.5
Section sec_3.6
Section sec_3.7
Section sec_3.8
Section sec_3.9
Section sec_3.10
Section sec_3.11
Section sec_3.12
Section sec_3.13
Section sec_3.14
Section sec_3.15
Section sec_3.16
Section sec_3.17
Section sec_3.18
Section sec_3.19
Section sec_4
Section sec_5
Section sec_5.1
Section sec_5.2
Section sec_5.3
Section sec_5.4
Section sec_5.5
Section sec_5.6
Section sec_5.7
Section sec_5.8
Section sec_5.9
Section sec_5.10
Section sec_6
Section sec_6.1
Section sec_6.2
Section sec_6.3
Section sec_6.4
Section sec_6.5
Section sec_6.6
Section sec_7
Section sec_7.1
Section sec_7.2
Section sec_7.3
Section sec_8
Section sec_8.1
Section sec_8.2
Section sec_8.3
Section sec_8.4
Section sec_8.5
Section sec_8.6
Section sec_8.7
Section sec_8.8
Section sec_8.9
Section sec_8.10
Section sec_8.11
Section sec_8.12
Section sec_8.12.1
Table tab_1
Section sec_8.12.2
Section sec_8.12.3
Section sec_8.13
Section sec_8.14
Section sec_8.15
Section sec_8.16
Section sec_8.17
Section sec_8.18
Section sec_8.19
Section sec_8.20
Section sec_8.21
Section sec_8.22
Section sec_8.23
Section sec_8.24
Section sec_8.25
Section sec_8.26
Section sec_8.27
Table tab_b
Figure fig_1
Section sec_8.28
Section sec_8.29
Section sec_8.30
Section sec_8.31
Section sec_9
Section sec_9.1
Section sec_9.2
Section sec_9.2.1
Section sec_9.2.2
Section sec_9.2.3
Section sec_9.2.4
Section sec_9.3
Section sec_9.3.1
Table tab_2
Section sec_9.3.2
Section sec_9.3.3
Section sec_9.4
Section sec_9.4.1
Section sec_9.4.2
Section sec_9.5
Table tab_3
Section sec_10
Section sec_10.1
Section sec_10.2
Section sec_10.3
Section sec_10.3.1
Section sec_10.3.2
Section sec_10.3.3
Section sec_10.3.4
Section sec_10.3.5
Section sec_10.4
Section sec_10.4.1
Section sec_10.4.2
Section sec_10.4.3
Section sec_10.4.4
Section sec_10.4.5
Section sec_10.4.6
Table tab_4
Section sec_10.5
Section sec_10.5.1
Section sec_10.5.2
Section sec_10.5.3
Section sec_10.5.4
Section sec_10.6
Section sec_10.6.1
Section sec_10.6.2
Section sec_10.6.3
Section sec_10.6.4
Section sec_10.6.5
Section sec_10.7
Section sec_10.7.1
Section sec_10.7.2
Section sec_10.8
Section sec_10.8.1
Section sec_10.8.2
Section sec_11
Section sec_11.1
Section sec_11.2
Section sec_11.3
Section sec_11.4
Section sec_11.5
Section sec_12
Table tab_5
Section sec_13
Section sec_13.1
Section sec_13.2
Section sec_13.3
Section sec_13.4
Section sec_13.5
Table tab_6
Section sec_14
Annex sec_A
Annex sec_A.1
Annex sec_A.2
Annex sec_A.3
Annex sec_A.4
Annex sec_A.5
Annex sec_A.6
Annex sec_A.7
Annex sec_A.8
Annex sec_A.9
Annex sec_A.10
Reference ref_1
Reference ref_2
Reference ref_3
Reference ref_4
Reference ref_5
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Reagents and reference materials
6 Apparatus
7 Sampling and sample preparation
8 Basic engine and instrument settings and standard operating conditions
8.1 Installation of engine equipment and instrumentation
8.2 Engine speed
8.3 Valve timing
8.4 Valve lift
8.5 Intake valve shroud
8.6 Carburettor venturi
8.7 Direction of engine rotation
8.8 Valve clearances
8.9 Oil pressure
8.10 Oil temperature
8.11 Cylinder jacket coolant temperature
8.12 Intake air temperature
8.13 Intake air humidity
8.14 Cylinder jacket coolant level
8.15 Engine crankcase lubricating oil level
8.16 Crankcase internal pressure
8.17 Exhaust back-pressure
8.18 Exhaust and crankcase breather system resonance
8.19 Belt tension
8.20 Rocker arm carrier support basic setting
8.21 Rocker arm carrier basic setting
8.22 Rocker arm and push rod length basic settings
8.23 Basic spark setting
8.24 Basic ignition timer control arm setting
8.25 Basic ignition timer transducer to rotor vane gap setting
8.26 Spark-plug gap
8.27 Basic cylinder height setting
8.28 Fuel-air ratio
8.29 Carburettor cooling
8.30 Knockmeter reading limits
8.31 Detonation meter spread and time constant settings
9 Engine calibration and qualification
9.1 General
9.2 Engine fit-for-use qualification
9.3 Fit-for-use procedure in the 87,1 RON to 100,0 RON range
9.4 Fit-for-use procedure below 87,1 RON and above 100,0 RON
9.5 Checking performance on check fuels
10 Procedure
10.1 General
10.2 Start-up
10.3 Calibration
10.4 Sample fuel
10.5 Primary reference fuel No. 1
10.6 Primary reference fuel No. 2
10.7 Additional measurement readings
10.8 Special instructions for ratings above 100,0 RON
11 Calculation
12 Expression of results
13 Precision
13.1 General
13.2 Repeatability, r
13.3 Reproducibility, R
13.4 Precision for ratings at barometric pressures below 94,6 kPa
13.5 Precision for fuels containing 15% to 25% (V/V) ethanol
14 Test report
Annex A (informative) Test variable characteristics
Bibliography