ISO 4722-1:2023
Water quality — Thorium 232 — Part 1: Test method using alpha spectrometry
This document specifies the method and the conditions for the determination of 232Th activity concentration in samples of environmental water (including sea waters) and waste waters before release to the environment using alpha spectrometry and 229Th as a recovery tracer. A chemical separation allows to separate and purify thorium from a test portion of the sample.
The general principles outlined in this document can be applied for the analysis of other alpha-emitting thorium isotopes such as 228Th and 230Th in aqueous samples.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Symbols
4 Principle
5 Chemical reagents and equipment
5.1 General
5.2 Chemical reagents
5.3 Equipment
6 Sampling, handling and storage
6.1 Sampling
6.2 Sample storage
7 Separation and measurement
7.1 Chemical steps
7.2 Measurement
7.2.1 Quality control
7.2.2 Chemical recovery
7.2.3 Background
8 Expression of results
8.1 Spectrum analysis
8.2 Calculation of activity concentration
8.3 Standard uncertainty
8.4 Decision threshold
8.5 Detection limit
9 Limits of coverage intervals
9.1 Limits of the probabilistically symmetric coverage interval
9.2 Limits of the shortest coverage interval
10 Test report
Annex A (informative) Chemical separation of thorium
Annex B (informative) Preparation of the source by electrodeposition
Annex C (informative) Preparation of the source by coprecipitation
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Symbols
4 Principle
5 Chemical reagents and equipment
5.1 General
5.2 Chemical reagents
5.3 Equipment
6 Sampling, handling and storage
6.1 Sampling
6.2 Sample storage
7 Separation and measurement
7.1 Chemical steps
7.2 Measurement
7.2.1 Quality control
7.2.2 Chemical recovery
7.2.3 Background
8 Expression of results
8.1 Spectrum analysis
8.2 Calculation of activity concentration
8.3 Standard uncertainty
8.4 Decision threshold
8.5 Detection limit
9 Limits of coverage intervals
9.1 Limits of the probabilistically symmetric coverage interval
9.2 Limits of the shortest coverage interval
10 Test report
Annex A (informative) Chemical separation of thorium
Annex B (informative) Preparation of the source by electrodeposition
Annex C (informative) Preparation of the source by coprecipitation
Bibliography