ISO 21940-21:2022
Mechanical vibration — Rotor balancing — Part 21: Description and evaluation of balancing machines
This document sets out the requirements for evaluating hard and soft bearing balancing machines that support and rotate:
a) rotors with rigid behaviour at balancing speed (as described in ISO21940-11);
b) rotors with shaft elastic behaviour and balanced in accordance with low speed balancing procedures (as described in ISO21940-12).
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Capacity and performance data of the balancing machine
4.1 General
4.2 Data for horizontal balancing machines
4.2.1 Rotor mass and unbalance limitations
4.2.2 Production efficiency
4.2.3 Rotor dimensions
4.2.4 Balancing machine drive data
4.2.5 Torque
4.2.6 Type of rotor drive
4.2.7 Brake
4.2.8 Motor and controls
4.2.9 Speed regulation
4.2.10 Couple moment interference ratio, Isc
4.2.11 Air pressure requirements
4.3 Data for vertical balancing machines
4.3.1 Rotor mass and unbalance limitations
4.3.2 Production efficiency
4.3.3 Rotor dimensions
4.3.4 Balancing machine drive data
4.3.5 Torque
4.3.6 Type of drive to rotor
4.3.7 Brake
4.3.8 Motor and controls
4.3.9 Speed regulation
4.3.10 Couple moment interference ratio
4.3.11 Air pressure requirements
5 Machine features
5.1 Principle of operation
5.2 Machine arrangement
5.3 Measuring system
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Unbalance indicators
5.3.3 Additional features
5.3.4 Operation of the indicating system
5.4 Plane separation system
5.4.1 Multi-plane balancing machines
5.4.2 Single-plane horizontal or vertical balancing machines
5.5 Setting and calibration of the measuring system
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Soft-bearing machines
5.5.3 Hard-bearing machines
6 Production efficiency
6.1 General
6.2 Time per balance cycle
6.3 Unbalance reduction ratio, RUR
7 Performance qualifying factors
8 Installation requirements
8.1 General
8.2 Supply requirements
8.3 Foundation
9 Proving rotors and test masses
9.1 General
9.2 Standardized proving rotors
9.3 User defined proving rotors
9.4 Test masses
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Umar test masses
9.4.3 RUR test masses
9.4.4 Permissible test mass errors
9.4.5 Material
10 Balance machine verification tests
10.1 General
10.2 Requirements for evaluating balance machine performance
10.3 Test speed
10.4 Test for establishing the minimum achievable residual unbalance, Umar
10.4.1 General
10.4.2 Initial balancing machine setting
10.4.3 Unbalance added
10.4.4 Readings
10.4.5 Correction
10.4.6 Reference change
10.4.7 Plane setting for Umar test
10.4.8 Test runs
10.4.9 Umar evaluation
10.5 Test for unbalance reduction ratio, RUR
10.5.1 RUR tests on single-plane balancing machines
10.5.2 RUR tests on two-plane balancing machines
10.5.3 General
10.5.4 Test data sheet completion
10.5.5 Plane setting
10.5.6 RUR test runs
10.5.7 Plotting RUR test data
10.5.8 Evaluation
10.6 Test for couple moment interference on single-plane machines
10.6.1 Starting point
10.6.2 Procedure
10.6.3 Evaluation
10.7 Compensator test
10.7.1 Initial point
10.7.2 Procedure
10.7.3 Evaluation
10.8 Simplified tests
10.8.1 General
10.8.2 Simplified Umar test
10.8.3 Simplified RUR test
Annex A (informative) Information provided by the user to the balancing machine manufacturer
Annex B (informative) RUR limit diagrams
Annex C (informative) Shafts of outboard Type C proving rotors
Annex D (informative) User defined proving rotors for special cases including using a user production part
Annex E (informative) Modifications to proving rotors prepared in accordance with ISO 2953 to this document
Annex F (informative) Optional repeatability test
Annex G (informative) Optional speed range test
Bibliography
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Related Information
Similar Standards
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BS ISO 16084:2017
Balancing of rotating tools and tool systems
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BS ISO 21940-1:2019
Mechanical vibration. Rotor balancing, Introduction
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BS ISO 21940-1:2019 - TC
Tracked Changes. Mechanical vibration. Rotor balancing, Introduction
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BS ISO 21940-11:2016+A1:2022
Mechanical vibration. Rotor balancing, Procedures and tolerances for rotors with rigid behaviour
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Capacity and performance data of the balancing machine
4.1 General
4.2 Data for horizontal balancing machines
4.2.1 Rotor mass and unbalance limitations
4.2.2 Production efficiency
4.2.3 Rotor dimensions
4.2.4 Balancing machine drive data
4.2.5 Torque
4.2.6 Type of rotor drive
4.2.7 Brake
4.2.8 Motor and controls
4.2.9 Speed regulation
4.2.10 Couple moment interference ratio, Isc
4.2.11 Air pressure requirements
4.3 Data for vertical balancing machines
4.3.1 Rotor mass and unbalance limitations
4.3.2 Production efficiency
4.3.3 Rotor dimensions
4.3.4 Balancing machine drive data
4.3.5 Torque
4.3.6 Type of drive to rotor
4.3.7 Brake
4.3.8 Motor and controls
4.3.9 Speed regulation
4.3.10 Couple moment interference ratio
4.3.11 Air pressure requirements
5 Machine features
5.1 Principle of operation
5.2 Machine arrangement
5.3 Measuring system
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Unbalance indicators
5.3.3 Additional features
5.3.4 Operation of the indicating system
5.4 Plane separation system
5.4.1 Multi-plane balancing machines
5.4.2 Single-plane horizontal or vertical balancing machines
5.5 Setting and calibration of the measuring system
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Soft-bearing machines
5.5.3 Hard-bearing machines
6 Production efficiency
6.1 General
6.2 Time per balance cycle
6.3 Unbalance reduction ratio, RUR
7 Performance qualifying factors
8 Installation requirements
8.1 General
8.2 Supply requirements
8.3 Foundation
9 Proving rotors and test masses
9.1 General
9.2 Standardized proving rotors
9.3 User defined proving rotors
9.4 Test masses
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Umar test masses
9.4.3 RUR test masses
9.4.4 Permissible test mass errors
9.4.5 Material
10 Balance machine verification tests
10.1 General
10.2 Requirements for evaluating balance machine performance
10.3 Test speed
10.4 Test for establishing the minimum achievable residual unbalance, Umar
10.4.1 General
10.4.2 Initial balancing machine setting
10.4.3 Unbalance added
10.4.4 Readings
10.4.5 Correction
10.4.6 Reference change
10.4.7 Plane setting for Umar test
10.4.8 Test runs
10.4.9 Umar evaluation
10.5 Test for unbalance reduction ratio, RUR
10.5.1 RUR tests on single-plane balancing machines
10.5.2 RUR tests on two-plane balancing machines
10.5.3 General
10.5.4 Test data sheet completion
10.5.5 Plane setting
10.5.6 RUR test runs
10.5.7 Plotting RUR test data
10.5.8 Evaluation
10.6 Test for couple moment interference on single-plane machines
10.6.1 Starting point
10.6.2 Procedure
10.6.3 Evaluation
10.7 Compensator test
10.7.1 Initial point
10.7.2 Procedure
10.7.3 Evaluation
10.8 Simplified tests
10.8.1 General
10.8.2 Simplified Umar test
10.8.3 Simplified RUR test
Annex A (informative) Information provided by the user to the balancing machine manufacturer
Annex B (informative) RUR limit diagrams
Annex C (informative) Shafts of outboard Type C proving rotors
Annex D (informative) User defined proving rotors for special cases including using a user production part
Annex E (informative) Modifications to proving rotors prepared in accordance with ISO 2953 to this document
Annex F (informative) Optional repeatability test
Annex G (informative) Optional speed range test
Bibliography