ISO 16924:2016
Natural gas fuelling stations — LNG stations for fuelling vehicles
ISO 16924:2016 specifies the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling liquefied natural gas (LNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices.
ISO 16924:2016 also specifies the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of fuelling stations for using LNG as an onsite source for fuelling CNG to vehicles (LCNG fuelling stations), including safety and control devices of the station and specific LCNG fuelling station equipment.
NOTE Specific CNG equipment is dealt with in ISO 16923.
ISO 16924:2016 is applicable to fuelling stations receiving LNG and other liquefied methane-rich gases that comply with local applicable gas composition regulation or with the gas quality requirements of ISO 13686.
ISO 16924:2016 includes all equipment from the LNG storage tank filling connection up to the fuelling nozzle on the vehicle. The LNG storage tank filling connection itself and the vehicle fuelling nozzle are not covered in this document.
ISO 16924:2016 includes fuelling stations having the following characteristics:
- private access;
- public access (self-service or assisted);
- metered dispensing and non metered dispensing;
- fuelling stations with fixed LNG storage;
- fuelling stations with mobile LNG storage;
- movable fuelling stations;
- mobile fuelling stations;
- multi-fuel stations.
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 Risk management
5.1 Risk assessment
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Protection against overpressure
5.1.3 Static electricity
5.2 Fire protection
5.2.1 Hazardous area classification
5.2.2 Sources of ignition
5.2.3 Fire fighting
5.3 Explosion protection measures
6 General design requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Design philosophy
6.1.2 Buildings and civil works
6.1.3 Installation and construction
6.2 Site layout
6.2.1 Separation distances
6.2.2 Traffic management
6.2.3 Security
6.2.4 Requirements for location of equipment
6.3 Environmental considerations
6.3.1 Noise attenuation
6.3.2 Prevention of venting of natural gas
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station
7.1 Application
7.2 Equipment compatibility
7.3 Filling connector
7.4 Requirements for filling
7.4.1 General requirements
7.4.2 Prevention of overpressurization and overfilling
7.5 Prevention of back flow
7.6 Bleed connections
7.7 Draining of liquid from the LNG storage tank
7.8 LNG tanker
7.8.1 Immobility
7.8.2 Anti-drive-away equipment
7.8.3 Turning off the engine
7.8.4 Equalizing the potentials
8 Storage
8.1 LNG storage
8.1.1 Design and construction
8.1.2 Safety requirements
8.1.3 Installation guidance
8.2 CNG buffer storage
9 Pumps and compressors
9.1 Connection of LNG pumps to the LNG storage tank
9.1.1 General
9.1.2 NPSH requirements
9.1.3 Vapour return
9.1.4 Protection against weather
9.1.5 Accessibility
9.2 LNG centrifugal pump (including ancillaries)
9.2.1 General provisions
9.2.2 Liquid inlet to the centrifugal pump
9.2.3 Centrifugal pump design
9.2.4 Vibration
9.2.5 Detection of shaft seal leak
9.2.6 Detection of cavitation
9.3 LNG reciprocating pump for LCNG fuelling stations (including ancillaries)
9.3.1 General provisions
9.3.2 Liquid supplied to the reciprocating pump
9.3.3 Design
9.3.4 Vibration
9.3.5 Pulsation
9.4 Commonalities for LNG centrifugal and reciprocating pumps
9.4.1 Suction line
9.4.2 Instrumentation
9.4.3 Markings of a pump
9.4.4 Instructions
9.5 Natural gas compressor
10 Dispensers
10.1 LNG dispensers
10.1.1 General requirements
10.1.2 Breakaway system
10.1.3 Fuelling hoses
10.1.4 Fuelling nozzles
10.1.5 Dispenser enclosure
10.1.6 Other requirements
10.2 CNG dispensers
11 Vaporizers and heaters
11.1 Application
11.2 Design of vaporizers and heaters
11.3 Ambient air vaporizer
11.3.1 General
11.3.2 Defrosting
11.3.3 Aluminium vaporizers
11.4 Electric vaporizer/heater
11.5 Water bath vaporizer
11.6 Fired vaporizers
11.7 Remotely heated vaporizers
12 Odorization
12.1 General requirements
12.2 High-pressure odorizer
12.3 Safety
12.4 Monitoring
12.5 Odorant
12.6 Dynamics of function
13 Pipework
13.1 General
13.2 Pipework design
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Overground pipework
13.2.3 Underground pipework
13.2.4 Pipework in ducts
13.2.5 Flexible connections
14 Electrical equipment and wiring
14.1 General
14.2 Main considerations
14.2.1 Grounding
14.2.2 Lightning
14.2.3 Contact with live parts
14.2.4 Cables
14.2.5 Static electricity
14.3 Other considerations
14.3.1 Interface
14.3.2 Primary seal
14.3.3 Additional seal
14.3.4 Conduit seals
14.3.5 Detection vents
15 Instrumentation and control system
15.1 General
15.2 Gas detectors
15.3 Flame detectors
15.4 Pressure gauges
15.5 Temperature sensors
15.6 Manual emergency shutdown devices
15.7 Emergency power supply unit
16 Emergency shutdown
16.1 Application
16.2 Procedure
16.3 Activation
16.4 ESD action
16.5 Reset
17 Special configurations
17.1 Movable LNG fuelling station
17.1.1 General requirements
17.1.2 Anchoring
17.1.3 Containment
17.2 Mobile LNG fuelling station
17.2.1 General requirements
17.2.2 Anchoring
17.2.3 Containment
17.2.4 Design
17.2.5 Additional requirements for operation
18 Testing and commissioning
18.1 Testing
18.1.1 Electrical testing
18.1.2 Pressure strength testing
18.1.3 Leak testing
18.2 Commissioning
18.2.1 General provisions
18.2.2 Purging
18.2.3 Functional testing
18.2.4 First filling of the LNG storage tank and other components
19 Operations
19.1 LNG tanker offloading
19.2 Fuelling procedure
19.3 Safety signs
19.3.1 General on identification labels
19.3.2 Equipment marking
19.4 Equipment and pipework identification
19.5 Training
19.6 Installation and operating instructions
19.7 Emergency plan
19.8 Maintaining the emergency shutdown
20 Inspection and maintenance
20.1 Inspection
20.1.1 General requirements
20.1.2 Inspection and testing of electrical systems
20.1.3 Inspection and re-testing of the safety relief valves
20.1.4 Safety and fire protection equipment
20.2 Maintenance
20.2.1 Preventive maintenance planning
20.2.2 Maintenance procedures
20.2.3 Maintenance safety
20.2.4 Draining of the LNG storage tank
Annex A (informative) Examples of hazardous zones classification
Annex B (normative) Separation distances
Annex C (informative) Example flow diagram of an LNG fuelling station
Annex D (informative) Example flow diagram of an LCNG fuelling station
Annex E (informative) Example flow diagram of an LNG and LCNG fuelling station
Annex F (informative) Process requirements for the effective cryogenic pump operation
Annex G (informative) Recommendations for installation of a centrifugal pump
Annex H (informative) Recommendations for centrifugal pump design
Annex I (informative) Recommendations for installation of a reciprocating pump
Annex J (informative) Recommendations on the content of the cryogenic pump operation instructions
Annex K (informative) Example flow diagram of a high-pressure odorizer
Annex L (informative) LNG identification mark of an LNG fuelling station
Bibliography
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 Risk management
5.1 Risk assessment
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Protection against overpressure
5.1.3 Static electricity
5.2 Fire protection
5.2.1 Hazardous area classification
5.2.2 Sources of ignition
5.2.3 Fire fighting
5.3 Explosion protection measures
6 General design requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Design philosophy
6.1.2 Buildings and civil works
6.1.3 Installation and construction
6.2 Site layout
6.2.1 Separation distances
6.2.2 Traffic management
6.2.3 Security
6.2.4 Requirements for location of equipment
6.3 Environmental considerations
6.3.1 Noise attenuation
6.3.2 Prevention of venting of natural gas
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station
7.1 Application
7.2 Equipment compatibility
7.3 Filling connector
7.4 Requirements for filling
7.4.1 General requirements
7.4.2 Prevention of overpressurization and overfilling
7.5 Prevention of back flow
7.6 Bleed connections
7.7 Draining of liquid from the LNG storage tank
7.8 LNG tanker
7.8.1 Immobility
7.8.2 Anti-drive-away equipment
7.8.3 Turning off the engine
7.8.4 Equalizing the potentials
8 Storage
8.1 LNG storage
8.1.1 Design and construction
8.1.2 Safety requirements
8.1.3 Installation guidance
8.2 CNG buffer storage
9 Pumps and compressors
9.1 Connection of LNG pumps to the LNG storage tank
9.1.1 General
9.1.2 NPSH requirements
9.1.3 Vapour return
9.1.4 Protection against weather
9.1.5 Accessibility
9.2 LNG centrifugal pump (including ancillaries)
9.2.1 General provisions
9.2.2 Liquid inlet to the centrifugal pump
9.2.3 Centrifugal pump design
9.2.4 Vibration
9.2.5 Detection of shaft seal leak
9.2.6 Detection of cavitation
9.3 LNG reciprocating pump for LCNG fuelling stations (including ancillaries)
9.3.1 General provisions
9.3.2 Liquid supplied to the reciprocating pump
9.3.3 Design
9.3.4 Vibration
9.3.5 Pulsation
9.4 Commonalities for LNG centrifugal and reciprocating pumps
9.4.1 Suction line
9.4.2 Instrumentation
9.4.3 Markings of a pump
9.4.4 Instructions
9.5 Natural gas compressor
10 Dispensers
10.1 LNG dispensers
10.1.1 General requirements
10.1.2 Breakaway system
10.1.3 Fuelling hoses
10.1.4 Fuelling nozzles
10.1.5 Dispenser enclosure
10.1.6 Other requirements
10.2 CNG dispensers
11 Vaporizers and heaters
11.1 Application
11.2 Design of vaporizers and heaters
11.3 Ambient air vaporizer
11.3.1 General
11.3.2 Defrosting
11.3.3 Aluminium vaporizers
11.4 Electric vaporizer/heater
11.5 Water bath vaporizer
11.6 Fired vaporizers
11.7 Remotely heated vaporizers
12 Odorization
12.1 General requirements
12.2 High-pressure odorizer
12.3 Safety
12.4 Monitoring
12.5 Odorant
12.6 Dynamics of function
13 Pipework
13.1 General
13.2 Pipework design
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Overground pipework
13.2.3 Underground pipework
13.2.4 Pipework in ducts
13.2.5 Flexible connections
14 Electrical equipment and wiring
14.1 General
14.2 Main considerations
14.2.1 Grounding
14.2.2 Lightning
14.2.3 Contact with live parts
14.2.4 Cables
14.2.5 Static electricity
14.3 Other considerations
14.3.1 Interface
14.3.2 Primary seal
14.3.3 Additional seal
14.3.4 Conduit seals
14.3.5 Detection vents
15 Instrumentation and control system
15.1 General
15.2 Gas detectors
15.3 Flame detectors
15.4 Pressure gauges
15.5 Temperature sensors
15.6 Manual emergency shutdown devices
15.7 Emergency power supply unit
16 Emergency shutdown
16.1 Application
16.2 Procedure
16.3 Activation
16.4 ESD action
16.5 Reset
17 Special configurations
17.1 Movable LNG fuelling station
17.1.1 General requirements
17.1.2 Anchoring
17.1.3 Containment
17.2 Mobile LNG fuelling station
17.2.1 General requirements
17.2.2 Anchoring
17.2.3 Containment
17.2.4 Design
17.2.5 Additional requirements for operation
18 Testing and commissioning
18.1 Testing
18.1.1 Electrical testing
18.1.2 Pressure strength testing
18.1.3 Leak testing
18.2 Commissioning
18.2.1 General provisions
18.2.2 Purging
18.2.3 Functional testing
18.2.4 First filling of the LNG storage tank and other components
19 Operations
19.1 LNG tanker offloading
19.2 Fuelling procedure
19.3 Safety signs
19.3.1 General on identification labels
19.3.2 Equipment marking
19.4 Equipment and pipework identification
19.5 Training
19.6 Installation and operating instructions
19.7 Emergency plan
19.8 Maintaining the emergency shutdown
20 Inspection and maintenance
20.1 Inspection
20.1.1 General requirements
20.1.2 Inspection and testing of electrical systems
20.1.3 Inspection and re-testing of the safety relief valves
20.1.4 Safety and fire protection equipment
20.2 Maintenance
20.2.1 Preventive maintenance planning
20.2.2 Maintenance procedures
20.2.3 Maintenance safety
20.2.4 Draining of the LNG storage tank
Annex A (informative) Examples of hazardous zones classification
Annex B (normative) Separation distances
Annex C (informative) Example flow diagram of an LNG fuelling station
Annex D (informative) Example flow diagram of an LCNG fuelling station
Annex E (informative) Example flow diagram of an LNG and LCNG fuelling station
Annex F (informative) Process requirements for the effective cryogenic pump operation
Annex G (informative) Recommendations for installation of a centrifugal pump
Annex H (informative) Recommendations for centrifugal pump design
Annex I (informative) Recommendations for installation of a reciprocating pump
Annex J (informative) Recommendations on the content of the cryogenic pump operation instructions
Annex K (informative) Example flow diagram of a high-pressure odorizer
Annex L (informative) LNG identification mark of an LNG fuelling station
Bibliography