ISO 14083:2023
Greenhouse gases — Quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions arising from transport chain operations
This document establishes a common methodology for the quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions arising from the operation of transport chains of passengers and freight.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms related to transport chain operations
3.2 Terms related to greenhouse gases and energy
3.3 Terms related to quantification
3.4 Other terms
4 General principles
4.1 General
4.2 Relevance
4.3 Completeness
4.4 Consistency
4.5 Accuracy
4.6 Transparency
4.7 Conservativeness
5 Quantification principles
5.1 General
5.2 System boundaries
5.2.1 Transport operations and hub operations included
5.2.2 Processes included
5.2.3 Application of cut-off criteria
5.2.4 Processes not included
5.2.5 Optional processes
5.2.6 Optional quantification of black carbon emissions from transport operations
5.2.7 Carbon offsetting and GHG emissions trading
5.3 Conversion of energy carrier data into GHG emissions
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Global warming potential
5.4 Calculation of transport activity
5.4.1 Passenger transport
5.4.2 Freight transport
5.4.3 Combined transport of freight and passengers (including passenger vehicles)
5.4.4 Use of distance adjustment factor
5.5 Calculation of hub activity
5.5.1 Passenger hub
5.5.2 Freight hub
5.5.3 Combined freight and passenger hub (including passenger vehicles)
5.6 Allocation
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Allocation between passengers and freight
5.6.3 Allocation between passengers of different travel classes
5.6.4 Allocation between ambient and temperature-controlled freight
6 General principles related to transport chains, transport chain elements, transport operation categories and hub operation categories
6.1 Transport chains and TCEs
6.2 Transport operations and hub operations related to TCEs
6.3 Transport operation categories and hub operation categories
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Transport operation categories
6.3.3 Hub operation categories
7 Quantification actions
7.1 General
7.2 Establishment of GHG emission intensity of a TOC or a HOC
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Selection of the option
7.2.3 Calculation with primary data (option A)
7.2.4 Calculation with a model (option B)
7.2.5 Selection of a value from a database of default values (option C)
7.2.6 Collection of a value from a contracted operator (option D)
7.3 Calculation of GHG emissions for a TCE
7.4 Calculation of GHG emissions for a transport chain
8 Quantification actions at the TOC level
8.1 General
8.2 Quantification of the GHG activity data of a TOC
8.3 Calculation of GHG emissions of a TOC
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 No allocation needed
8.3.3 Allocation needed
8.4 Calculation of transport activity of a TOC
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Transport activity distance
8.4.3 Transport activity of a TOC of passengers — General case
8.4.4 Transport activity of a TOC of freight — General case
8.4.5 Transport activity of a TOC of passengers with multi-class vehicles
8.4.6 Transport activity of a TOC of freight with multi-temperature vehicles
8.4.7 Transport activity of a TOC with passengers and freight (whether including passenger vehicles or not)
8.4.8 Transport activities of a TOC with any other case
8.5 Calculation of GHG emission intensity for the TOC
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 General case
8.5.3 Case of a TOC of freight with multi-temperature vehicles
9 Quantification actions at the HOC level
9.1 General
9.2 Quantification of the GHG activity data of a HOC
9.3 Calculation of GHG emissions of a HOC
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 No allocation needed
9.3.3 Allocation needed
9.4 Quantification of hub activity of the HOC
9.4.1 Freight hub activity
9.4.2 Passenger hub activity
9.5 Calculation of GHG emission intensity for the HOC
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 General case
9.5.3 Case of a HOC of freight with multi-temperature conditions
10 Calculation of GHG emissions for a transport TCE
10.1 General
10.2 Calculation of transport activity
10.3 Selection of a GHG emission intensity
10.4 General case
10.5 Case of differentiation by passenger classes
10.6 Case of differentiation by cargo temperature
10.7 Case of transport of passengers and freight in the same vehicle
11 Calculation of GHG emissions for a hub TCE
11.1 General
11.2 Quantification of hub activity
11.3 Selection of a GHG emission intensity
11.4 General case
11.5 Case of differentiation by cargo temperature
11.6 Case of transfer of passengers and freight at the same hub
12 Results
12.1 For one transport chain
12.1.1 Calculation of GHG emissions
12.1.2 Calculation of transport activity
12.1.3 Calculation of GHG emission intensities
12.2 For a set of transport chains
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Calculation of GHG emissions
12.2.3 Calculation of transport activity
12.2.4 Calculation of GHG emission intensities
12.3 For a transport service
12.4 For a set of transport services
12.5 For a transport mode
13 Reporting
13.1 General
13.2 Reporting at the organizational level
13.2.1 Reporting boundaries
13.2.2 Report
13.2.3 Periodicity
13.3 Reporting at the level of transport or hub services
13.3.1 Granularity
13.3.2 Report
13.4 Supporting information
13.4.1 General
13.4.2 Description of the calculation method
13.4.3 Transparent reporting from the use of modelled data or default GHG emission intensities
Annex A (normative) Air transport
Annex B (normative) Cable car transport
Annex C (normative) Inland waterway transport
Annex D (normative) Transport by pipeline
Annex E (normative) Rail transport
Annex F (normative) Road transport
Annex G (normative) Sea transport
Annex H (normative) Hubs
Annex I (normative) Approach to account for refrigerant leakage GHG emissions from mobile air conditioning and temperature-controlled freight units during transportation operations
Annex J (normative) Additional requirements and guidance for GHG emission factors
Annex K (informative) GHG emission factors and sources
Annex L (informative) Additional guidance for allocation to passenger according to passenger class of travel
Annex M (informative) General guidance on the approach to modelling of GHG emissions of transport chains
Annex N (informative) Additional guidance for use of ICT equipment and data servers related to transport operations
Annex O (informative) Quantification of GHG emissions arising from (re)packaging processes at logistics hubs
Annex P (informative) Quantification of black carbon emissions from transport operations
Annex Q (informative) Selection of sources of default GHG emission intensities
Annex R (informative) Comparison of GHG emission categorization used in the GHG Protocol and this document
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms related to transport chain operations
3.2 Terms related to greenhouse gases and energy
3.3 Terms related to quantification
3.4 Other terms
4 General principles
4.1 General
4.2 Relevance
4.3 Completeness
4.4 Consistency
4.5 Accuracy
4.6 Transparency
4.7 Conservativeness
5 Quantification principles
5.1 General
5.2 System boundaries
5.2.1 Transport operations and hub operations included
5.2.2 Processes included
5.2.3 Application of cut-off criteria
5.2.4 Processes not included
5.2.5 Optional processes
5.2.6 Optional quantification of black carbon emissions from transport operations
5.2.7 Carbon offsetting and GHG emissions trading
5.3 Conversion of energy carrier data into GHG emissions
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Global warming potential
5.4 Calculation of transport activity
5.4.1 Passenger transport
5.4.2 Freight transport
5.4.3 Combined transport of freight and passengers (including passenger vehicles)
5.4.4 Use of distance adjustment factor
5.5 Calculation of hub activity
5.5.1 Passenger hub
5.5.2 Freight hub
5.5.3 Combined freight and passenger hub (including passenger vehicles)
5.6 Allocation
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Allocation between passengers and freight
5.6.3 Allocation between passengers of different travel classes
5.6.4 Allocation between ambient and temperature-controlled freight
6 General principles related to transport chains, transport chain elements, transport operation categories and hub operation categories
6.1 Transport chains and TCEs
6.2 Transport operations and hub operations related to TCEs
6.3 Transport operation categories and hub operation categories
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Transport operation categories
6.3.3 Hub operation categories
7 Quantification actions
7.1 General
7.2 Establishment of GHG emission intensity of a TOC or a HOC
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Selection of the option
7.2.3 Calculation with primary data (option A)
7.2.4 Calculation with a model (option B)
7.2.5 Selection of a value from a database of default values (option C)
7.2.6 Collection of a value from a contracted operator (option D)
7.3 Calculation of GHG emissions for a TCE
7.4 Calculation of GHG emissions for a transport chain
8 Quantification actions at the TOC level
8.1 General
8.2 Quantification of the GHG activity data of a TOC
8.3 Calculation of GHG emissions of a TOC
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 No allocation needed
8.3.3 Allocation needed
8.4 Calculation of transport activity of a TOC
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Transport activity distance
8.4.3 Transport activity of a TOC of passengers — General case
8.4.4 Transport activity of a TOC of freight — General case
8.4.5 Transport activity of a TOC of passengers with multi-class vehicles
8.4.6 Transport activity of a TOC of freight with multi-temperature vehicles
8.4.7 Transport activity of a TOC with passengers and freight (whether including passenger vehicles or not)
8.4.8 Transport activities of a TOC with any other case
8.5 Calculation of GHG emission intensity for the TOC
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 General case
8.5.3 Case of a TOC of freight with multi-temperature vehicles
9 Quantification actions at the HOC level
9.1 General
9.2 Quantification of the GHG activity data of a HOC
9.3 Calculation of GHG emissions of a HOC
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 No allocation needed
9.3.3 Allocation needed
9.4 Quantification of hub activity of the HOC
9.4.1 Freight hub activity
9.4.2 Passenger hub activity
9.5 Calculation of GHG emission intensity for the HOC
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 General case
9.5.3 Case of a HOC of freight with multi-temperature conditions
10 Calculation of GHG emissions for a transport TCE
10.1 General
10.2 Calculation of transport activity
10.3 Selection of a GHG emission intensity
10.4 General case
10.5 Case of differentiation by passenger classes
10.6 Case of differentiation by cargo temperature
10.7 Case of transport of passengers and freight in the same vehicle
11 Calculation of GHG emissions for a hub TCE
11.1 General
11.2 Quantification of hub activity
11.3 Selection of a GHG emission intensity
11.4 General case
11.5 Case of differentiation by cargo temperature
11.6 Case of transfer of passengers and freight at the same hub
12 Results
12.1 For one transport chain
12.1.1 Calculation of GHG emissions
12.1.2 Calculation of transport activity
12.1.3 Calculation of GHG emission intensities
12.2 For a set of transport chains
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Calculation of GHG emissions
12.2.3 Calculation of transport activity
12.2.4 Calculation of GHG emission intensities
12.3 For a transport service
12.4 For a set of transport services
12.5 For a transport mode
13 Reporting
13.1 General
13.2 Reporting at the organizational level
13.2.1 Reporting boundaries
13.2.2 Report
13.2.3 Periodicity
13.3 Reporting at the level of transport or hub services
13.3.1 Granularity
13.3.2 Report
13.4 Supporting information
13.4.1 General
13.4.2 Description of the calculation method
13.4.3 Transparent reporting from the use of modelled data or default GHG emission intensities
Annex A (normative) Air transport
Annex B (normative) Cable car transport
Annex C (normative) Inland waterway transport
Annex D (normative) Transport by pipeline
Annex E (normative) Rail transport
Annex F (normative) Road transport
Annex G (normative) Sea transport
Annex H (normative) Hubs
Annex I (normative) Approach to account for refrigerant leakage GHG emissions from mobile air conditioning and temperature-controlled freight units during transportation operations
Annex J (normative) Additional requirements and guidance for GHG emission factors
Annex K (informative) GHG emission factors and sources
Annex L (informative) Additional guidance for allocation to passenger according to passenger class of travel
Annex M (informative) General guidance on the approach to modelling of GHG emissions of transport chains
Annex N (informative) Additional guidance for use of ICT equipment and data servers related to transport operations
Annex O (informative) Quantification of GHG emissions arising from (re)packaging processes at logistics hubs
Annex P (informative) Quantification of black carbon emissions from transport operations
Annex Q (informative) Selection of sources of default GHG emission intensities
Annex R (informative) Comparison of GHG emission categorization used in the GHG Protocol and this document
Bibliography