ISO 11136:2014
Sensory analysis — Methodology — General guidance for conducting hedonic tests with consumers in a controlled area
ISO 11136:2014 describes approaches for measuring, within a controlled area, the degree to which consumers like or relatively like products.
It uses tests based on collecting consumers' responses to questions, generally on paper or via a keyboard or a touch screen. Tests of a behavioural nature (such as recording quantities consumed ad libitum by the consumers) do not fall within the scope of ISO 11136:2014.
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Preliminary considerations
4.1 Study proposal
4.2 Specification of the target population
4.3 Further specifications
5 The consumer sample
5.1 General
5.2 Recruiting the consumers
5.3 Assembling a consumer sample
5.4 Sample segmentation
6 Size of the consumer sample
6.1 Decisions of measurement
6.2 Determining the sample size
6.3 Working with subgroups
6.4 Number of product samples and experimental design
6.5 Safety margin in recruitment
7 Test area
8 Products
8.1 Anonymous presentation of the products
8.2 Preparation and presentation of the products
9 Procedures
9.1 Two groups of hedonic tests
9.2 Rating tests
9.3 Paired comparison tests
9.4 Ranking test
9.5 Additional questions
9.6 Instructions for the consumers
10 Organization of test sessions
10.1 General
10.2 Plans
10.3 Number of products evaluated in a single session
10.4 Nature of the products evaluated within a session
10.5 Time of the session
10.6 Repetition of a product within a test
10.7 Pre-test
11 Analysis of the results
11.1 General
11.2 Inferential analysis
11.3 Ratings (see 9.2)
11.4 Paired comparisons (9.3)
11.5 Ranking (9.4)
12 Study report
12.1 General
12.2 Products
12.3 Test procedure
12.4 Consumers
12.5 Results
12.6 Annexes to the report
Annex A (informative) Example of a recruitment questionnaire
Annex B (informative) Methods for evaluating the data of segmentation subgroups
Annex C (informative) Plans for assigning products to consumers
Annex D (informative) Influence of the sample size on the accuracy of one mean
Annex E (informative) Minimum sample size for tests using rating
Annex F (informative) Minimum sample size for tests using ranking
Annex G (informative) Examples of data analysis for ratings
Annex H (informative) Examples of data analysis for rankings
Bibliography
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Preliminary considerations
4.1 Study proposal
4.2 Specification of the target population
4.3 Further specifications
5 The consumer sample
5.1 General
5.2 Recruiting the consumers
5.3 Assembling a consumer sample
5.4 Sample segmentation
6 Size of the consumer sample
6.1 Decisions of measurement
6.2 Determining the sample size
6.3 Working with subgroups
6.4 Number of product samples and experimental design
6.5 Safety margin in recruitment
7 Test area
8 Products
8.1 Anonymous presentation of the products
8.2 Preparation and presentation of the products
9 Procedures
9.1 Two groups of hedonic tests
9.2 Rating tests
9.3 Paired comparison tests
9.4 Ranking test
9.5 Additional questions
9.6 Instructions for the consumers
10 Organization of test sessions
10.1 General
10.2 Plans
10.3 Number of products evaluated in a single session
10.4 Nature of the products evaluated within a session
10.5 Time of the session
10.6 Repetition of a product within a test
10.7 Pre-test
11 Analysis of the results
11.1 General
11.2 Inferential analysis
11.3 Ratings (see 9.2)
11.4 Paired comparisons (9.3)
11.5 Ranking (9.4)
12 Study report
12.1 General
12.2 Products
12.3 Test procedure
12.4 Consumers
12.5 Results
12.6 Annexes to the report
Annex A (informative) Example of a recruitment questionnaire
Annex B (informative) Methods for evaluating the data of segmentation subgroups
Annex C (informative) Plans for assigning products to consumers
Annex D (informative) Influence of the sample size on the accuracy of one mean
Annex E (informative) Minimum sample size for tests using rating
Annex F (informative) Minimum sample size for tests using ranking
Annex G (informative) Examples of data analysis for ratings
Annex H (informative) Examples of data analysis for rankings
Bibliography