AS/NZS 60947.1:2021
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, Part 1: General rules
AS/NZS 60947.1:2021 adopts IEC 60947-1:2020 with modifications for Australia and New Zealand, which specifies requirements, when required by the relevant product standard, to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear hereinafter referred to as “equipment” or “device” and intended to be connected to circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC.
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AS/NZS 60947.1:2021 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear General rules (IEC 60947-1:2020 (ED. 6.0) MOD)
English
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and reference clauses
3.1 General
3.2 Alphabetical index of definitions
3.3 General terms and definitions
3.4 Switching devices
3.5 Parts of switching devices
3.6 Operation of switching devices
3.7 Characteristic quantities
3.8 Tests
3.9 Ports
3.10 Symbols and references clauses for characteristics described in this document
4 Classification
5 Characteristics
5.1 Summary of the characteristics
5.2 Type of equipment
5.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit
5.4 Utilization category
5.5 Control circuits
5.6 Auxiliary circuits
5.7 Relays and releases
5.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD)
6 Product information
6.1 Nature of information
6.2 Marking
6.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance, decommissioning and dismantling
6.4 Environmental information
7 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions
7.1 Normal service conditions
7.2 Conditions during transport and storage
7.3 Mounting
8 Constructional and performance requirements
8.1 Constructional requirements
8.2 Performance requirements
8.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
9 Tests
9.1 Kinds of test
9.2 Compliance with constructional requirements
9.3 Performance
9.4 Tests for EMC
Annexes
Annex A (informative) Harmonisation of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Annex B (Vacant)
Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
Annex D (informative) Examples of clamping units and relationship between clamping unit and connecting device
Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit
Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant
Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment
Annex J informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user
Annex K (normative) Procedure to determine reliability data for electromechanical devices used in functional safety applications
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number
Annex M (normative) Flammability test
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation
Annex O (informative) Environmentally conscious design
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Tests for environmental categories
Annex R (normative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible parts during operation or adjustment
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs
Annex T (normative) Extended functions within electronic overload relays
Annex U (informative) Examples of control circuit configurations
Annex V (informative) Power management with switchgear and controlgear for electrical energy efficiency
Annex W (normative) Procedure to establish material declaration
Annex X (normative) Co-ordination between circuit-breaker or CPS and another short-circuit protective device associated in the same circuit
Bibliography
Figures
Figure 1 – Test equipment for flexion test (see 9.2.5.3 and Table 5)
Figure 2 – Gauges of form A and form B (see 9.2.5.5.2 and Table 7)
Figure 3 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 4 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 5 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 6 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a four-pole equipment (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 7 – Schematic illustration of the recovery voltage across contacts of the first phase to clear under ideal conditions (see 9.3.3.5.2, item e))
Figure 8 – Diagram of a load circuit adjustment method
Figure 9 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 10 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 11 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 12 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a four-pole equipment (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 13 – Example of short-circuit making and breaking test record in the case of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC (see 9.3.4.1.8)
Figure 14 – Verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.8)
Figure 15 – Determination of the prospective breaking current when the first calibration of the test circuit has been made at a current lower than the rated breaking capacity (see 9.3.4.1.8, item b))
Figure 16 – Actuator test force (see 9.2.6.2.1 and Table 17)
Figure D.1 – Clamping unit in a connecting device
Figure D.2 – Screw clamping units
Figure D.3 – Pillar clamping units
Figure D.4 – Stud clamping units
Figure D.5 – Saddle clamping units
Figure D.6 – Lug clamping units
Figure D.7 – Mantle clamping units
Figure D.8 – Screwless-type clamping units (sketches)
Figure E.1 – Determination of the actual value of the factor γ
Figure G.1 – Measurement of ribs
Figure G.2 – Creepage distance across the fixed and moving insulation of contact carriers
Figure G.3 – Example 1
Figure G.4 – Example 2
Figure G.5 – Example 3
Figure G.6 – Example 4
Figure G.7 – Example 5
Figure G.8 – Example 6
Figure G.9 – Example 7
Figure G.10 – Example 8
Figure G.11 – Example 9
Figure G.12 – Example 10
Figure G.13 – Example 11
Figure K.1 – Plot of Weibull median rank regression
Figure M.1 – Test fixture for hot wire ignition test
Figure M.2 – Circuit for arc ignition test
Figure N.1 – Example of application with component connected between separated circuits
Figure O.1 – Conceptual relationship between provisions in product standards and the environmental impacts associated with the product during its life cycle
Figure O.2 – Overview of ECD process
Figure P.1 – Dimensions
Figure R.1 – Operating mechanism outside the enclosure
Figure R.2 – Application of the metallic foil to operating areas around switch actuator
Figure R.3 – Example of finger protected location for hazardous-live-parts in push-button vicinity
Figure R.4 – Example I of application of the foil
Figure R.5 – Example II of application of the foil
Figure R.6 – Example III of application of the foil
Figure R.7 – Application of metal foil on holes and grooves
Figure R.8 – Operating space for actuation by rotary means
Figure S.1 – I/O parameters
Figure S.2 – U-I operation regions of current-sinking inputs
Figure S.3 – Temporary overload waveform for digital AC outputs
Figure S.4 – Temporary overload waveform for digital DC outputs
Figure T.1 – Test circuit for the verification of the operating characteristic of a ground/earth fault current sensing electronic relay
Figure U.1 – Diagrammatic representation of an external control device
Figure U.2 – Single supply and control input
Figure U.3 – Separate supply and control inputs
Figure U.4 – Equipment with several external control supplies
Figure U.5 – Equipment with bus interface
Figure W.1 – Example of Main and Business information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.2 – Example of product information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.3 – Example of declarable substances information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.4 – Example of material classes information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure X.1 – Overcurrent co-ordination between a circuit-breaker or CPS and a fuse or back-up protection by a fuse: operating characteristics
Figure X.2 – Total selectivity between two circuit-breakers or a circuit-breaker and a CPS
Figure X.3 – Back-up protection by a circuit-breaker or CPS – Operating characteristics
Figure X.4 – Example of test circuit for conditional short-circuit breaking capacity tests showing cable connections for a 3-pole circuit-breaker or CPS (C1)
Figure X.5 – Example of test circuit for the verification of selectivity
Tables
Table 1 – Nominal cross-sections of round copper conductors and approximate relationship between mm2 and AWG/kcmil sizes (see 8.1.8.2)
Table 2 – Temperature-rise limits of terminals (see 8.2.2.2 and 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 3 – Temperature-rise limits of accessible parts (see 8.2.2.3 and 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 4 – Tightening torques for the verification of the mechanical strength of screw-type terminals (see 9.2.5.2 and 9.3.2.1)
Table 5 – Test values for flexion and pull-out tests for round copper conductors (see 9.2.5.4.1)
Table 6 – Test values for pull-out test for flat copper conductors (see 9.2.5.4.2)
Table 7 – Maximum conductor cross-sections and corresponding gauges (see 9.2.5.5.1)
Table 8 – Relationship between conductor cross-section and diameter
Table 9 – Test copper conductors for test currents up to 400 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 10 – Test copper conductors for test currents above 400 A and up to 800 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 11 – Test copper bars for test currents above 400 A and up to 3 150 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 12 – Impulse withstand test voltages
Table 13 – Minimum clearances in air
Table 14 – Test voltages across the open contacts of equipment suitable for isolation
Table 15 – Minimum creepage distances
Table 16 – Values of power-factors and time-constants corresponding to test currents, and ratio n between peak and RMS values of current (see 9.3.4.3, item a))
Table 17 – Actuator test force (see 9.2.6.2.1)
Table 18 – Tolerances on test quantities (see 9.3.4.3, item a))
Table 19 – Dielectric test voltage corresponding to the rated insulation voltage
Table 20 – Test values for conduit pull-out test (see 9.2.8.2)
Table 21 – Test values for conduit bending test (see 9.2.8.3)
Table 22 – Test values for conduit torque test (see 9.2.8.2 and 9.2.8.4)
Table 23 – Tests for EMC – Immunity (see 9.4.1)
Table 24 – Acceptance criteria when EM disturbances are present
Table 25 – Cross-sectional area of a copper protective conductor
Table A.1 – Utilization categories used in the IEC 60947 series
Table C.1 – IP Codes (1 of 3)
Table G.1 – Minimum widths of grooves
Table H.1 – Correspondence between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the equipment rated impulse withstand voltage, in case of overvoltage protection by surge-arresters according to IEC 60099-1
Table K.1 – Failure modes of devices
Table K.2 – Example of 15 sorted ascending times to failure of contactors
Table K.3 – Example median rank calculation
Table M.1 – HWI and AI characteristics for materials necessary to retain current carrying parts in position
Table M.2 – HWI and AI characteristics for materials other than those covered by Table M.1
Table P.1 – Examples of terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Table Q.1 – Test sequences
Table S.1 – Rated values and operating ranges of incoming power supply
Table S.2 – Standard operating ranges for digital inputs (current sinking)
Table S.3 – Rated values and operating ranges for current sourcing digital AC outputs
Table S.4 – Rated values and operating ranges (direct current) for current-sourcing digital DC outputs
Table S.5 – Overload and short-circuit tests for digital outputs
Table T.1 – Tripping time of ground/earth fault electronic overload relays
Table W.1 – Example of main and business information in tabular form
Table W.2 – Example of product information in tabular form
Table W.3 – Example of declarable substances information in tabular form
Table W.4 – Example of material classes information in tabular form
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AS/NZS 60947.1:2021 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear General rules (IEC 60947-1:2020 (ED. 6.0) MOD)
English
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and reference clauses
3.1 General
3.2 Alphabetical index of definitions
3.3 General terms and definitions
3.4 Switching devices
3.5 Parts of switching devices
3.6 Operation of switching devices
3.7 Characteristic quantities
3.8 Tests
3.9 Ports
3.10 Symbols and references clauses for characteristics described in this document
4 Classification
5 Characteristics
5.1 Summary of the characteristics
5.2 Type of equipment
5.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit
5.4 Utilization category
5.5 Control circuits
5.6 Auxiliary circuits
5.7 Relays and releases
5.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD)
6 Product information
6.1 Nature of information
6.2 Marking
6.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance, decommissioning and dismantling
6.4 Environmental information
7 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions
7.1 Normal service conditions
7.2 Conditions during transport and storage
7.3 Mounting
8 Constructional and performance requirements
8.1 Constructional requirements
8.2 Performance requirements
8.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
9 Tests
9.1 Kinds of test
9.2 Compliance with constructional requirements
9.3 Performance
9.4 Tests for EMC
Annexes
Annex A (informative) Harmonisation of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Annex B (Vacant)
Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
Annex D (informative) Examples of clamping units and relationship between clamping unit and connecting device
Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit
Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant
Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment
Annex J informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user
Annex K (normative) Procedure to determine reliability data for electromechanical devices used in functional safety applications
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number
Annex M (normative) Flammability test
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation
Annex O (informative) Environmentally conscious design
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Tests for environmental categories
Annex R (normative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible parts during operation or adjustment
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs
Annex T (normative) Extended functions within electronic overload relays
Annex U (informative) Examples of control circuit configurations
Annex V (informative) Power management with switchgear and controlgear for electrical energy efficiency
Annex W (normative) Procedure to establish material declaration
Annex X (normative) Co-ordination between circuit-breaker or CPS and another short-circuit protective device associated in the same circuit
Bibliography
Figures
Figure 1 – Test equipment for flexion test (see 9.2.5.3 and Table 5)
Figure 2 – Gauges of form A and form B (see 9.2.5.5.2 and Table 7)
Figure 3 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 4 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 5 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 6 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a four-pole equipment (see 9.3.3.5.2)
Figure 7 – Schematic illustration of the recovery voltage across contacts of the first phase to clear under ideal conditions (see 9.3.3.5.2, item e))
Figure 8 – Diagram of a load circuit adjustment method
Figure 9 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 10 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on single-phase AC or on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 11 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 12 – Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a four-pole equipment (see 9.3.4.1.2)
Figure 13 – Example of short-circuit making and breaking test record in the case of a single-pole equipment on single-phase AC (see 9.3.4.1.8)
Figure 14 – Verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities on direct current (see 9.3.4.1.8)
Figure 15 – Determination of the prospective breaking current when the first calibration of the test circuit has been made at a current lower than the rated breaking capacity (see 9.3.4.1.8, item b))
Figure 16 – Actuator test force (see 9.2.6.2.1 and Table 17)
Figure D.1 – Clamping unit in a connecting device
Figure D.2 – Screw clamping units
Figure D.3 – Pillar clamping units
Figure D.4 – Stud clamping units
Figure D.5 – Saddle clamping units
Figure D.6 – Lug clamping units
Figure D.7 – Mantle clamping units
Figure D.8 – Screwless-type clamping units (sketches)
Figure E.1 – Determination of the actual value of the factor γ
Figure G.1 – Measurement of ribs
Figure G.2 – Creepage distance across the fixed and moving insulation of contact carriers
Figure G.3 – Example 1
Figure G.4 – Example 2
Figure G.5 – Example 3
Figure G.6 – Example 4
Figure G.7 – Example 5
Figure G.8 – Example 6
Figure G.9 – Example 7
Figure G.10 – Example 8
Figure G.11 – Example 9
Figure G.12 – Example 10
Figure G.13 – Example 11
Figure K.1 – Plot of Weibull median rank regression
Figure M.1 – Test fixture for hot wire ignition test
Figure M.2 – Circuit for arc ignition test
Figure N.1 – Example of application with component connected between separated circuits
Figure O.1 – Conceptual relationship between provisions in product standards and the environmental impacts associated with the product during its life cycle
Figure O.2 – Overview of ECD process
Figure P.1 – Dimensions
Figure R.1 – Operating mechanism outside the enclosure
Figure R.2 – Application of the metallic foil to operating areas around switch actuator
Figure R.3 – Example of finger protected location for hazardous-live-parts in push-button vicinity
Figure R.4 – Example I of application of the foil
Figure R.5 – Example II of application of the foil
Figure R.6 – Example III of application of the foil
Figure R.7 – Application of metal foil on holes and grooves
Figure R.8 – Operating space for actuation by rotary means
Figure S.1 – I/O parameters
Figure S.2 – U-I operation regions of current-sinking inputs
Figure S.3 – Temporary overload waveform for digital AC outputs
Figure S.4 – Temporary overload waveform for digital DC outputs
Figure T.1 – Test circuit for the verification of the operating characteristic of a ground/earth fault current sensing electronic relay
Figure U.1 – Diagrammatic representation of an external control device
Figure U.2 – Single supply and control input
Figure U.3 – Separate supply and control inputs
Figure U.4 – Equipment with several external control supplies
Figure U.5 – Equipment with bus interface
Figure W.1 – Example of Main and Business information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.2 – Example of product information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.3 – Example of declarable substances information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure W.4 – Example of material classes information, graphical representation of the XML code
Figure X.1 – Overcurrent co-ordination between a circuit-breaker or CPS and a fuse or back-up protection by a fuse: operating characteristics
Figure X.2 – Total selectivity between two circuit-breakers or a circuit-breaker and a CPS
Figure X.3 – Back-up protection by a circuit-breaker or CPS – Operating characteristics
Figure X.4 – Example of test circuit for conditional short-circuit breaking capacity tests showing cable connections for a 3-pole circuit-breaker or CPS (C1)
Figure X.5 – Example of test circuit for the verification of selectivity
Tables
Table 1 – Nominal cross-sections of round copper conductors and approximate relationship between mm2 and AWG/kcmil sizes (see 8.1.8.2)
Table 2 – Temperature-rise limits of terminals (see 8.2.2.2 and 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 3 – Temperature-rise limits of accessible parts (see 8.2.2.3 and 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 4 – Tightening torques for the verification of the mechanical strength of screw-type terminals (see 9.2.5.2 and 9.3.2.1)
Table 5 – Test values for flexion and pull-out tests for round copper conductors (see 9.2.5.4.1)
Table 6 – Test values for pull-out test for flat copper conductors (see 9.2.5.4.2)
Table 7 – Maximum conductor cross-sections and corresponding gauges (see 9.2.5.5.1)
Table 8 – Relationship between conductor cross-section and diameter
Table 9 – Test copper conductors for test currents up to 400 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 10 – Test copper conductors for test currents above 400 A and up to 800 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 11 – Test copper bars for test currents above 400 A and up to 3 150 A inclusive (see 9.3.3.3.4)
Table 12 – Impulse withstand test voltages
Table 13 – Minimum clearances in air
Table 14 – Test voltages across the open contacts of equipment suitable for isolation
Table 15 – Minimum creepage distances
Table 16 – Values of power-factors and time-constants corresponding to test currents, and ratio n between peak and RMS values of current (see 9.3.4.3, item a))
Table 17 – Actuator test force (see 9.2.6.2.1)
Table 18 – Tolerances on test quantities (see 9.3.4.3, item a))
Table 19 – Dielectric test voltage corresponding to the rated insulation voltage
Table 20 – Test values for conduit pull-out test (see 9.2.8.2)
Table 21 – Test values for conduit bending test (see 9.2.8.3)
Table 22 – Test values for conduit torque test (see 9.2.8.2 and 9.2.8.4)
Table 23 – Tests for EMC – Immunity (see 9.4.1)
Table 24 – Acceptance criteria when EM disturbances are present
Table 25 – Cross-sectional area of a copper protective conductor
Table A.1 – Utilization categories used in the IEC 60947 series
Table C.1 – IP Codes (1 of 3)
Table G.1 – Minimum widths of grooves
Table H.1 – Correspondence between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the equipment rated impulse withstand voltage, in case of overvoltage protection by surge-arresters according to IEC 60099-1
Table K.1 – Failure modes of devices
Table K.2 – Example of 15 sorted ascending times to failure of contactors
Table K.3 – Example median rank calculation
Table M.1 – HWI and AI characteristics for materials necessary to retain current carrying parts in position
Table M.2 – HWI and AI characteristics for materials other than those covered by Table M.1
Table P.1 – Examples of terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Table Q.1 – Test sequences
Table S.1 – Rated values and operating ranges of incoming power supply
Table S.2 – Standard operating ranges for digital inputs (current sinking)
Table S.3 – Rated values and operating ranges for current sourcing digital AC outputs
Table S.4 – Rated values and operating ranges (direct current) for current-sourcing digital DC outputs
Table S.5 – Overload and short-circuit tests for digital outputs
Table T.1 – Tripping time of ground/earth fault electronic overload relays
Table W.1 – Example of main and business information in tabular form
Table W.2 – Example of product information in tabular form
Table W.3 – Example of declarable substances information in tabular form
Table W.4 – Example of material classes information in tabular form
Previous versions
AS/NZS 60947.1:2021
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The cost of your subscription will depend on which standards you want to access, and how many people in your organisation need to be able to access the Online Library subscription at the same time (concurrent users). During your subscription period, we are also able to make any necessary changes and ensure you are aware of any pricing changes that result. For a quote, contact our Online Library team by emailing onlinelibrary@standards.govt.nz.