ISO 5667-1:2020
Water quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques
This document sets out the general principles for, and provides guidance on, the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques for all aspects of sampling of water (including waste waters, sludges, effluents, suspended solids and sediments).
It does not include detailed instructions for specific sampling situations, which are covered in the various other parts of ISO 5667 and in ISO 19458.
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General safety precautions
4.1 Safety of Personnel
4.2 General environmental considerations
5 Design of sampling programmes
5.1 General
5.2 Sampling personnel
5.3 Broad objectives for the design of sampling programmes
5.4 Specific considerations in relation to variability
5.5 Identifying the sampling location
6 Characteristics and conditions affecting sampling
6.1 General
6.2 Variations from normal sampling conditions
7 Standards for sampling from water
7.1 General standards in the 5667 series
7.2 Standards outside the 5667 series that provide guidance on sampling programmes in specific areas
7.3 Standards within the ISO 5667 series providing specific guidance on the sampling of a range waters
8 Time and frequency of sampling
8.1 General
8.2 Water quality management programmes
8.3 Quality characterization programmes
8.4 Programmes for investigation of causes of contamination
8.5 Statistical considerations
8.5.1 Establishment of sampling programmes
8.5.2 Random and systematic variations of water quality
8.6 Duration of sampling occasion and composite samples
9 Flow measurements and situations justifying flow measurements for water quality purposes
9.1 General
9.2 Direction of flow
9.3 Velocity of flow
9.4 Discharge rate
9.5 Flow profile
9.6 Cross-sectional area
9.7 Justification for flow measurements in water quality control management
9.7.1 Treatment plant loads
9.7.2 Dilution effects (flux calculations)
9.7.3 Mass flow calculations
9.7.4 Transport of contaminants and rates of recovery
9.7.5 Flow-related parameters
9.7.6 Groundwaters
9.8 Methods available for flow measurement
10 Current sampling techniques
10.1 General
10.2 Spot samples
10.3 Periodic samples (discontinuous)
10.3.1 Periodic samples taken at fixed time-intervals (time-dependent) or constant time constant volume (C.T.C.V.)
10.3.2 Periodic samples taken at fixed flow-intervals (volume-dependent) or constant time variable volume variable time (C.T.V.T.)
10.3.3 Periodic samples taken at fixed flow-intervals (flow-dependent) or constant volume variable volume sampling (C.V.V.V.)
10.4 Continuous samples
10.4.1 Continuous samples taken at fixed flow rates (time-continuous samples)
10.4.2 Continuous samples taken at variable flow rates (flow-continuous samples)
10.5 Series sampling
10.6 Composite samples
10.7 Large-volume samples
11 Passive sampling
12 Sampling equipment for physical or chemical characteristics
12.1 General
12.2 Sampling containers
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Types of sample container
12.3 Equipment for spot sampling
12.4 Sampling equipment for sediments
12.4.1 Grab or dredge sampling
12.4.2 Core samplers
12.5 Sampling equipment for dissolved gases and volatile materials
12.6 Sampling equipment for radioactivity characteristics
12.7 Sampling equipment for biological and microbiological characteristics
12.8 Automatic sampling equipment
12.9 Sampling equipment for passive sampling
12.10 Sampling equipment for suspended sediments
13 Quality assurance and quality control of environmental water sampling and handling
13.1 General
13.2 Sources of contamination
13.3 Control or prevention of contamination
14 Transport to, and storage of samples at, the depot or laboratory
15 Sample identification and records
15.1 General
15.2 Data management
15.3 Samples that might be used for legal purposes
Annex A (informative) Diagrams illustrating types of periodic and continuous samples
Annex B (informative) Diagrams illustrating types of field paperwork and labels etc
Annex C (informative) Alternative and emerging sampling techniques
Annex D (informative) Preparation of sampling equipment
Bibliography
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General safety precautions
4.1 Safety of Personnel
4.2 General environmental considerations
5 Design of sampling programmes
5.1 General
5.2 Sampling personnel
5.3 Broad objectives for the design of sampling programmes
5.4 Specific considerations in relation to variability
5.5 Identifying the sampling location
6 Characteristics and conditions affecting sampling
6.1 General
6.2 Variations from normal sampling conditions
7 Standards for sampling from water
7.1 General standards in the 5667 series
7.2 Standards outside the 5667 series that provide guidance on sampling programmes in specific areas
7.3 Standards within the ISO 5667 series providing specific guidance on the sampling of a range waters
8 Time and frequency of sampling
8.1 General
8.2 Water quality management programmes
8.3 Quality characterization programmes
8.4 Programmes for investigation of causes of contamination
8.5 Statistical considerations
8.5.1 Establishment of sampling programmes
8.5.2 Random and systematic variations of water quality
8.6 Duration of sampling occasion and composite samples
9 Flow measurements and situations justifying flow measurements for water quality purposes
9.1 General
9.2 Direction of flow
9.3 Velocity of flow
9.4 Discharge rate
9.5 Flow profile
9.6 Cross-sectional area
9.7 Justification for flow measurements in water quality control management
9.7.1 Treatment plant loads
9.7.2 Dilution effects (flux calculations)
9.7.3 Mass flow calculations
9.7.4 Transport of contaminants and rates of recovery
9.7.5 Flow-related parameters
9.7.6 Groundwaters
9.8 Methods available for flow measurement
10 Current sampling techniques
10.1 General
10.2 Spot samples
10.3 Periodic samples (discontinuous)
10.3.1 Periodic samples taken at fixed time-intervals (time-dependent) or constant time constant volume (C.T.C.V.)
10.3.2 Periodic samples taken at fixed flow-intervals (volume-dependent) or constant time variable volume variable time (C.T.V.T.)
10.3.3 Periodic samples taken at fixed flow-intervals (flow-dependent) or constant volume variable volume sampling (C.V.V.V.)
10.4 Continuous samples
10.4.1 Continuous samples taken at fixed flow rates (time-continuous samples)
10.4.2 Continuous samples taken at variable flow rates (flow-continuous samples)
10.5 Series sampling
10.6 Composite samples
10.7 Large-volume samples
11 Passive sampling
12 Sampling equipment for physical or chemical characteristics
12.1 General
12.2 Sampling containers
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Types of sample container
12.3 Equipment for spot sampling
12.4 Sampling equipment for sediments
12.4.1 Grab or dredge sampling
12.4.2 Core samplers
12.5 Sampling equipment for dissolved gases and volatile materials
12.6 Sampling equipment for radioactivity characteristics
12.7 Sampling equipment for biological and microbiological characteristics
12.8 Automatic sampling equipment
12.9 Sampling equipment for passive sampling
12.10 Sampling equipment for suspended sediments
13 Quality assurance and quality control of environmental water sampling and handling
13.1 General
13.2 Sources of contamination
13.3 Control or prevention of contamination
14 Transport to, and storage of samples at, the depot or laboratory
15 Sample identification and records
15.1 General
15.2 Data management
15.3 Samples that might be used for legal purposes
Annex A (informative) Diagrams illustrating types of periodic and continuous samples
Annex B (informative) Diagrams illustrating types of field paperwork and labels etc
Annex C (informative) Alternative and emerging sampling techniques
Annex D (informative) Preparation of sampling equipment
Bibliography