ISO 2394:2015
General principles on reliability for structures
ISO 2394:2015 constitutes a risk- and reliability-informed foundation for decision making concerning design and assessment of structures both for the purpose of code making and in the context of specific projects.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 General terms
2.2 Terms related to design and assessment
2.3 Terms related to actions, action effects, and environmental influences
2.4 Terms related to structural response, resistance, material properties, and geometrical quantities
3 Symbols
3.1 General
3.2 Latin upper case letters
3.3 Latin lower case letters
3.4 Greek letters
3.5 Subscripts
4 Fundamentals
4.1 General
4.2 Aims and requirements to structures
4.2.1 Fundamental requirements to structures
4.2.2 Target performance level
4.3 Conceptual basis
4.3.1 Decisions concerning structures
4.3.2 Structural performance modelling
4.3.3 Uncertainty and treatment of knowledge
4.4 Approaches
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Risk-informed and reliability-based approaches
4.4.3 Semi-probabilistic approaches
4.5 Documentation
5 Performance modelling
5.1 General
5.1.1 Structural performance and limit state concept
5.1.2 Performance and performance indicators
5.1.3 Basic performance requirement and design situations
5.1.4 Levels of verification
5.2 Performance model
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Time-dependent aspects
5.2.3 System aspects
5.3 Limit states
5.3.1 Ultimate limit state
5.3.2 Serviceability limit states
5.3.3 Condition limit states
5.3.4 Limit state function
6 Uncertainty representation and modelling
6.1 General
6.1.1 Types of uncertainty
6.1.2 Treatment of uncertainty
6.1.3 Interpretation of probability
6.1.4 Probabilistic models
6.1.5 Population/outcome space
6.1.6 Hierarchical modelling of uncertainty
6.2 Models for structural analysis
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Actions and environmental influences
6.2.3 Geometrical properties
6.2.4 Material properties
6.2.5 Responses and resistances
6.3 Models for consequences
6.4 Model uncertainty
6.5 Experimental models
6.6 Updating of probabilistic models
7 Risk-informed decision making
7.1 General
7.2 System identification
7.3 System modelling
7.4 Risk quantification
7.5 Decision optimization and risk acceptance
8 Reliability-based decision making
8.1 General
8.2 Decisions based on updated probability measures
8.3 Systems reliability versus component reliability
8.4 Target failure probabilities
8.5 Calculation of the probability of failure
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Time-invariant reliability problems
8.5.3 Transformation of time-variant into time-invariant problems
8.5.4 Out-crossing approach
8.6 Implementation of probability-based design
9 Semi-probabilistic method
9.1 General
9.2 Basic principles
9.3 Representative and characteristic values
9.3.1 Actions
9.3.2 Resistances
9.4 Safety formats
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Partial factor method
9.4.3 The design value method
9.5 Verification in case of cumulative damage
Annex A (informative) Quality management
Annex B (informative) Lifetime management of structural integrity
Annex C (informative) Design based on observations and experimental models
Annex D (informative) Reliability of geotechnical structures
Annex E (informative) Code calibration
Annex F (informative) Structural robustness
Annex G (informative) Optimization and criterion on life safety
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 General terms
2.2 Terms related to design and assessment
2.3 Terms related to actions, action effects, and environmental influences
2.4 Terms related to structural response, resistance, material properties, and geometrical quantities
3 Symbols
3.1 General
3.2 Latin upper case letters
3.3 Latin lower case letters
3.4 Greek letters
3.5 Subscripts
4 Fundamentals
4.1 General
4.2 Aims and requirements to structures
4.2.1 Fundamental requirements to structures
4.2.2 Target performance level
4.3 Conceptual basis
4.3.1 Decisions concerning structures
4.3.2 Structural performance modelling
4.3.3 Uncertainty and treatment of knowledge
4.4 Approaches
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Risk-informed and reliability-based approaches
4.4.3 Semi-probabilistic approaches
4.5 Documentation
5 Performance modelling
5.1 General
5.1.1 Structural performance and limit state concept
5.1.2 Performance and performance indicators
5.1.3 Basic performance requirement and design situations
5.1.4 Levels of verification
5.2 Performance model
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Time-dependent aspects
5.2.3 System aspects
5.3 Limit states
5.3.1 Ultimate limit state
5.3.2 Serviceability limit states
5.3.3 Condition limit states
5.3.4 Limit state function
6 Uncertainty representation and modelling
6.1 General
6.1.1 Types of uncertainty
6.1.2 Treatment of uncertainty
6.1.3 Interpretation of probability
6.1.4 Probabilistic models
6.1.5 Population/outcome space
6.1.6 Hierarchical modelling of uncertainty
6.2 Models for structural analysis
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Actions and environmental influences
6.2.3 Geometrical properties
6.2.4 Material properties
6.2.5 Responses and resistances
6.3 Models for consequences
6.4 Model uncertainty
6.5 Experimental models
6.6 Updating of probabilistic models
7 Risk-informed decision making
7.1 General
7.2 System identification
7.3 System modelling
7.4 Risk quantification
7.5 Decision optimization and risk acceptance
8 Reliability-based decision making
8.1 General
8.2 Decisions based on updated probability measures
8.3 Systems reliability versus component reliability
8.4 Target failure probabilities
8.5 Calculation of the probability of failure
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Time-invariant reliability problems
8.5.3 Transformation of time-variant into time-invariant problems
8.5.4 Out-crossing approach
8.6 Implementation of probability-based design
9 Semi-probabilistic method
9.1 General
9.2 Basic principles
9.3 Representative and characteristic values
9.3.1 Actions
9.3.2 Resistances
9.4 Safety formats
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Partial factor method
9.4.3 The design value method
9.5 Verification in case of cumulative damage
Annex A (informative) Quality management
Annex B (informative) Lifetime management of structural integrity
Annex C (informative) Design based on observations and experimental models
Annex D (informative) Reliability of geotechnical structures
Annex E (informative) Code calibration
Annex F (informative) Structural robustness
Annex G (informative) Optimization and criterion on life safety
Bibliography