ISO 16994:2015
Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine
ISO 16994:2015 describes methods for the determination of the total sulfur and total chlorine content in solid biofuels. ISO 16994:2015 specifies two methods for decomposition of the fuel and different analytical techniques for the quantification of the elements in the decomposition solutions. The use of automatic equipment is also included in ISO 16994:2015, provided that a validation is carried out as specified and that the performance characteristics are similar to those of the method described in ISO 16994:2015.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
4.1 General
4.2 Decomposition of the biofuel
4.3 Determination of sulfate and chloride in the decomposition solution
4.4 Automatic equipment
5 Reagents
5.1 General
5.2 Water
5.3 Oxygen
5.4 Combustion aid/enhancer
5.5 Use of certified reference materials (CRM or SRM)
6 Apparatus
6.1 General
6.2 Method A
6.3 Method B
7 Preparation of the test sample
8 Procedure
8.1 Decomposition
8.1.1 Method A: Combustion in a closed bomb
8.1.2 Method B: Digestion in a closed vessel
8.1.3 Blank test
8.2 Detection methods
8.2.1 Ion chromatography
8.2.2 Other detection methods
8.3 Calibration of the apparatus
8.4 Analyses of the decomposition solutions
9 Expression of results
9.1 General
9.2 Total chlorine
9.3 Total sulfur
10 Performance characteristics
11 Test report
Annex A (informative) Performance data
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
4.1 General
4.2 Decomposition of the biofuel
4.3 Determination of sulfate and chloride in the decomposition solution
4.4 Automatic equipment
5 Reagents
5.1 General
5.2 Water
5.3 Oxygen
5.4 Combustion aid/enhancer
5.5 Use of certified reference materials (CRM or SRM)
6 Apparatus
6.1 General
6.2 Method A
6.3 Method B
7 Preparation of the test sample
8 Procedure
8.1 Decomposition
8.1.1 Method A: Combustion in a closed bomb
8.1.2 Method B: Digestion in a closed vessel
8.1.3 Blank test
8.2 Detection methods
8.2.1 Ion chromatography
8.2.2 Other detection methods
8.3 Calibration of the apparatus
8.4 Analyses of the decomposition solutions
9 Expression of results
9.1 General
9.2 Total chlorine
9.3 Total sulfur
10 Performance characteristics
11 Test report
Annex A (informative) Performance data
Bibliography