ISO/TR 8124-9:2020
Safety of toys — Part 9: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties — Comparison of ISO 8124-1, EN 71-1 and ASTM F963
This document consists of a comparison of the mechanical and physical requirements covered by the following toy safety standards:
a) ISO: ISO 8124‑1:2018;
b) Europe (CEN): EN 71‑1:2014+A1:2018;
c) USA: ASTM F963:2017.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Comparison of scopes
5 Comparison of terms and definitions
5.1 General
5.2 Analysis of the main differences between the terms and definitions
5.2.1 Aquatic toy
5.2.2 Asphyxiation and choking
5.2.3 Ball
5.2.4 Close-to-the-ear toy
5.2.5 Cord
5.2.6 Elastic
5.2.7 Hand-held toy
5.2.8 Hazard
5.2.9 Large and bulky toy
5.2.10 Marble
5.2.11 Paper
5.2.12 Pompom
5.2.13 Projectile
5.2.14 Projectile toy with stored energy
5.2.15 Protective cap, protective cover or protective tip
5.2.16 Pull or push toy
5.2.17 Rattle
5.2.18 Toy scooter
5.2.19 Squeeze toy
6 Comparison of requirements
6.1 General
6.2 Normal use
6.3 Reasonably foreseeable abuse
6.4 Material
6.4.1 Fillings
6.4.2 Expanding materials
6.4.3 Glass and porcelain
6.5 Small parts
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Small parts exemptions
6.5.3 Test methods
6.6 Shape, size and strength of certain toys
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Squeeze toys, rattles and certain other toys
6.6.3 Small balls
6.6.4 Pompoms
6.6.5 Toy pacifiers
6.6.6 Balloons
6.6.7 Marbles
6.6.8 Hemispheric-shaped toys
6.6.9 Suction cups
6.6.10 Test templates
6.7 Edges
6.7.1 General
6.7.2 Age range for application of the functional sharp edge exemption
6.7.3 Toys assembled by adults
6.7.4 Test method
6.8 Points
6.8.1 General
6.8.2 Age range for application of the functional sharp point exemption
6.8.3 Electrical conductors
6.8.4 Examples of accessible, potentially hazardous sharp points
6.8.5 Test method
6.9 Projections
6.9.1 General
6.9.2 Ends of rigid handlebars
6.9.3 Age grade
6.9.4 Bath toy projections
6.9.5 Protective components
6.10 Metal wires and rods
6.10.1 General
6.10.2 Scope of the metal wires and rods flexure test
6.10.3 Metal wire flexure test methods
6.11 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys
6.11.1 General
6.11.2 Scope of plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys
6.11.3 Minimum sheet thickness
6.11.4 Thickness of plastic balloons
6.11.5 Detached plastic sheeting
6.11.6 Perforated plastic film
6.11.7 Determination of plastic sheet area
6.12 Cords
6.12.1 General
6.12.2 Length of cords, loops, nooses and tangled loops
6.12.3 Diameter of certain cords intended for children under 36 months
6.12.4 Self-retracting cords
6.12.5 Toys attached to or intended to be strung across, or otherwise attached to a cradle, cot, perambulator or carriage
6.12.6 Cords on pull toys
6.12.7 Cords on toy bags
6.12.8 Cords, strings and lines for flying toys
6.12.9 Electrical cables
6.12.10 Cord warning
6.12.11 Test methods and equipment
6.12.12 Toy disguise costumes
6.13 Folding mechanisms
6.13.1 General
6.13.2 Hinge line clearance
6.13.3 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys
6.13.4 Requirement for folding devices having a scissor-like action
6.14 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
6.14.1 General
6.14.2 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
6.14.3 Accessible clearances for moveable segments
6.14.4 Chains or belts in ride-on toys
6.14.5 Other driving mechanisms
6.14.6 Winding keys
6.14.7 Toy bicycles and tricycles provided with a handle that can be used for pushing the child
6.15 Springs
6.16 Stability and overload requirements
6.16.1 Stability requirements for ride-on toys and seats
6.16.2 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats
6.16.3 Stability of stationary floor toys
6.17 Enclosures
6.17.1 General
6.17.2 Impermeable material
6.17.3 Ventilation
6.17.4 Closures
6.17.5 Toy chests safety labelling
6.18 Simulated protective equipment, such as helmets, hats and goggles
6.19 Projectile toys
6.19.1 General
6.19.2 General requirements of projectiles
6.19.3 Projectile range
6.19.4 Impact surface
6.19.5 Discharge mechanism
6.19.6 Kinetic energy and warning
6.19.7 Toy catapults and projectiles propelled by an elastic band and projectile toys without stored energy where the discharge mechanism can store energy, only when held in place by the user
6.19.8 Dart
6.19.9 Mouth-actuated projectile toys
6.19.10 Test method
6.20 Rotors and propellers
6.20.1 General
6.20.2 Scope and exemption
6.20.3 Leading part(s) on rigid parts of flying toys
6.20.4 Examples of designs to minimize the risk potential of rotating blades
6.20.5 Rotor or propeller warning
6.20.6 Rotors and propellers on remote controlled flying toys
6.21 Aquatic toys
6.22 Braking
6.22.1 General
6.22.2 Braking device — exemptions
6.22.3 Braking device – requirements
6.22.4 Free-wheeling facility
6.22.5 Brake performance test
6.23 Toy bicycles
6.23.1 General
6.23.2 Braking system
6.23.3 Warning
6.24 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys
6.24.1 General
6.24.2 Seat requirements
6.24.3 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically driven ride-on toys
6.25 Toys containing a heat source
6.25.1 General
6.25.2 Exemption for toys containing a heat source
6.25.3 Scope of toys containing a heat source
6.25.4 Temperature rise for heat sources
6.25.5 Test environment for toys containing a heat source
6.26 Liquid-filled toys
6.27 Mouth-actuated toys
6.28 Toy roller skates, toy inline skates and toy skateboards
6.29 Percussion caps
6.30 Acoustic requirements
6.30.1 General
6.30.2 Scope for the acoustic
6.30.3 Category of acoustic toys
6.30.4 Rattles
6.30.5 Comparison of the acoustic requirements
6.30.6 Test method
6.31 Toy scooters
6.31.1 General
6.31.2 Comparison of toy scooter requirements
6.32 Magnets and magnetic components
6.33 Yo-yo balls
6.34 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck
6.35 Sledges and toboggans with cords for pulling
6.36 Jaw entrapment in handles and steering wheels
6.37 Toy gun markings (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018, Annex D)
6.38 Toys attached to food (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018, B.2.8)
6.39 Toys comprising monofilament fibres which may present long hair hazards (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018)
6.40 Packaging and packaging components (spherical, egg-shaped or ellipsoidal, and hemispheric-shaped containers)
Annex A (informative) Index of requirements in EN 71-1
Annex B (informative) Index of requirements in ASTM F963
Annex C (informative) Significant editorial and technical changes to the previous version of this document
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Comparison of scopes
5 Comparison of terms and definitions
5.1 General
5.2 Analysis of the main differences between the terms and definitions
5.2.1 Aquatic toy
5.2.2 Asphyxiation and choking
5.2.3 Ball
5.2.4 Close-to-the-ear toy
5.2.5 Cord
5.2.6 Elastic
5.2.7 Hand-held toy
5.2.8 Hazard
5.2.9 Large and bulky toy
5.2.10 Marble
5.2.11 Paper
5.2.12 Pompom
5.2.13 Projectile
5.2.14 Projectile toy with stored energy
5.2.15 Protective cap, protective cover or protective tip
5.2.16 Pull or push toy
5.2.17 Rattle
5.2.18 Toy scooter
5.2.19 Squeeze toy
6 Comparison of requirements
6.1 General
6.2 Normal use
6.3 Reasonably foreseeable abuse
6.4 Material
6.4.1 Fillings
6.4.2 Expanding materials
6.4.3 Glass and porcelain
6.5 Small parts
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Small parts exemptions
6.5.3 Test methods
6.6 Shape, size and strength of certain toys
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Squeeze toys, rattles and certain other toys
6.6.3 Small balls
6.6.4 Pompoms
6.6.5 Toy pacifiers
6.6.6 Balloons
6.6.7 Marbles
6.6.8 Hemispheric-shaped toys
6.6.9 Suction cups
6.6.10 Test templates
6.7 Edges
6.7.1 General
6.7.2 Age range for application of the functional sharp edge exemption
6.7.3 Toys assembled by adults
6.7.4 Test method
6.8 Points
6.8.1 General
6.8.2 Age range for application of the functional sharp point exemption
6.8.3 Electrical conductors
6.8.4 Examples of accessible, potentially hazardous sharp points
6.8.5 Test method
6.9 Projections
6.9.1 General
6.9.2 Ends of rigid handlebars
6.9.3 Age grade
6.9.4 Bath toy projections
6.9.5 Protective components
6.10 Metal wires and rods
6.10.1 General
6.10.2 Scope of the metal wires and rods flexure test
6.10.3 Metal wire flexure test methods
6.11 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys
6.11.1 General
6.11.2 Scope of plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys
6.11.3 Minimum sheet thickness
6.11.4 Thickness of plastic balloons
6.11.5 Detached plastic sheeting
6.11.6 Perforated plastic film
6.11.7 Determination of plastic sheet area
6.12 Cords
6.12.1 General
6.12.2 Length of cords, loops, nooses and tangled loops
6.12.3 Diameter of certain cords intended for children under 36 months
6.12.4 Self-retracting cords
6.12.5 Toys attached to or intended to be strung across, or otherwise attached to a cradle, cot, perambulator or carriage
6.12.6 Cords on pull toys
6.12.7 Cords on toy bags
6.12.8 Cords, strings and lines for flying toys
6.12.9 Electrical cables
6.12.10 Cord warning
6.12.11 Test methods and equipment
6.12.12 Toy disguise costumes
6.13 Folding mechanisms
6.13.1 General
6.13.2 Hinge line clearance
6.13.3 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys
6.13.4 Requirement for folding devices having a scissor-like action
6.14 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
6.14.1 General
6.14.2 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
6.14.3 Accessible clearances for moveable segments
6.14.4 Chains or belts in ride-on toys
6.14.5 Other driving mechanisms
6.14.6 Winding keys
6.14.7 Toy bicycles and tricycles provided with a handle that can be used for pushing the child
6.15 Springs
6.16 Stability and overload requirements
6.16.1 Stability requirements for ride-on toys and seats
6.16.2 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats
6.16.3 Stability of stationary floor toys
6.17 Enclosures
6.17.1 General
6.17.2 Impermeable material
6.17.3 Ventilation
6.17.4 Closures
6.17.5 Toy chests safety labelling
6.18 Simulated protective equipment, such as helmets, hats and goggles
6.19 Projectile toys
6.19.1 General
6.19.2 General requirements of projectiles
6.19.3 Projectile range
6.19.4 Impact surface
6.19.5 Discharge mechanism
6.19.6 Kinetic energy and warning
6.19.7 Toy catapults and projectiles propelled by an elastic band and projectile toys without stored energy where the discharge mechanism can store energy, only when held in place by the user
6.19.8 Dart
6.19.9 Mouth-actuated projectile toys
6.19.10 Test method
6.20 Rotors and propellers
6.20.1 General
6.20.2 Scope and exemption
6.20.3 Leading part(s) on rigid parts of flying toys
6.20.4 Examples of designs to minimize the risk potential of rotating blades
6.20.5 Rotor or propeller warning
6.20.6 Rotors and propellers on remote controlled flying toys
6.21 Aquatic toys
6.22 Braking
6.22.1 General
6.22.2 Braking device — exemptions
6.22.3 Braking device – requirements
6.22.4 Free-wheeling facility
6.22.5 Brake performance test
6.23 Toy bicycles
6.23.1 General
6.23.2 Braking system
6.23.3 Warning
6.24 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys
6.24.1 General
6.24.2 Seat requirements
6.24.3 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically driven ride-on toys
6.25 Toys containing a heat source
6.25.1 General
6.25.2 Exemption for toys containing a heat source
6.25.3 Scope of toys containing a heat source
6.25.4 Temperature rise for heat sources
6.25.5 Test environment for toys containing a heat source
6.26 Liquid-filled toys
6.27 Mouth-actuated toys
6.28 Toy roller skates, toy inline skates and toy skateboards
6.29 Percussion caps
6.30 Acoustic requirements
6.30.1 General
6.30.2 Scope for the acoustic
6.30.3 Category of acoustic toys
6.30.4 Rattles
6.30.5 Comparison of the acoustic requirements
6.30.6 Test method
6.31 Toy scooters
6.31.1 General
6.31.2 Comparison of toy scooter requirements
6.32 Magnets and magnetic components
6.33 Yo-yo balls
6.34 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck
6.35 Sledges and toboggans with cords for pulling
6.36 Jaw entrapment in handles and steering wheels
6.37 Toy gun markings (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018, Annex D)
6.38 Toys attached to food (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018, B.2.8)
6.39 Toys comprising monofilament fibres which may present long hair hazards (refer to ISO 8124-1:2018)
6.40 Packaging and packaging components (spherical, egg-shaped or ellipsoidal, and hemispheric-shaped containers)
Annex A (informative) Index of requirements in EN 71-1
Annex B (informative) Index of requirements in ASTM F963
Annex C (informative) Significant editorial and technical changes to the previous version of this document
Bibliography