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ISO/IEC 15149:2011

Superseded Date published:

Warning: Superseded Standard. This document has been superseded without replacement. You may wish to search for a more up to date equivalent.

Information technology -- Telecommunications and information exchange between systems -- Magnetic field area network (MFAN)

ISO/IEC 15149:2011 specifies the physical layer and media access control layer protocols of a wireless network over a magnetic field in a low frequency band (~300 kHz), for wireless communication in harsh environments (i.e. around metal, underwater, underground, etc.).

The physical layer protocol is designed for the following scope:


  • low carrier frequency for large magnetic field area and reliable communication in harsh environments;

  • simple and robust modulation for a low implementation cost and error performance;

  • variable coding and bandwidth for a link adaptation.





The media access control layer protocol is designed for the following scope:

  • simple and efficient network topology for low power consumption;

  • variable superframe structure for compact and efficient data transmission;

  • dynamic address assignment for small packet size and efficient address management.





ISO/IEC 15149:2011 supports several kbps data transmission in a wireless network within a distance of several metres. It can be applied to various services such as the following areas:

  • in the environmental industry, to manage pollution levels in soil and water using wireless underground or underwater sensors;

  • in the construction industry, to monitor the integrity of buildings and bridges using wireless, inner-corrosion sensors;

  • in the consumer-electronics industry, to detect food spoilage in wet, airtight storage areas and to transfer the sensing data from the inside to the outside;

  • in the agricultural industry, to manage the moisture level as well as mineral status in soil using buried wireless sensors;

  • in the transportation industry, to manage road conditions and traffic information using wireless underground sensors.



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ISO/IEC 15149:2011

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