ISO 9123:2017
Hydrometry — Stage-fall-discharge relationships
ISO 9123:2017 specifies methods for determining stage-fall-discharge relationships for a stream reach where variable backwater occurs either intermittently or continuously. Two gauging stations, a base reference gauge and an auxiliary gauge are required for gauge height measurements. A number of discharge measurements are required in order to calibrate the rating to the accuracy required by this document.
The preparation of rating curves is not described in detail in this document.
NOTE For a more detailed description of preparing rating curves, see the methods described in ISO 1100‑2.
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviations
5 General considerations
5.1 Importance of backwater
5.2 Backwater conditions
5.3 Gauging requirements
5.4 Types of stage-fall-discharge relationships
6 Unit-fall method
6.1 General
6.2 Method of analysis
6.3 Computation of discharge
6.4 Example of unit-fall method
7 Constant-fall method
7.1 General
7.2 Method of analysis
7.3 Computation of discharge
7.4 Example of constant-fall method
8 Variable-fall method
8.1 General
8.2 Normal-fall method
8.3 Limiting-fall method
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Method of analysis
8.3.3 Computation of discharge
8.3.4 Example of limiting-fall method
9 Rating curves and tables
10 Method of computation
11 Periodic checking of stage-fall-discharge ratings
12 Extrapolations
13 Evaluation of uncertainty in the stage-fall-discharge relation
13.1 General
13.2 Implementing the GUM procedure for evaluating uncertainty in the stage-fall-discharge relation and derived estimates
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Propagation of uncertainty for stage-fall-discharge estimates
13.2.3 Uncertainty in rating curve
13.2.4 Uncertainty in the measured stage
13.2.5 Uncertainty in the measured fall
13.2.6 Prediction intervals of estimated discharge
13.2.7 Uncertainty caused by neglecting all other physical parameters
13.3 Example
13.3.1 General
13.3.2 Standard error of estimate
13.3.3 Uncertainty of mean response
13.3.4 Uncertainty in measured stage and fall
13.3.5 Uncertainty caused by neglecting all other physical parameters
13.3.6 Propagation of uncertainty in discharge estimation
13.3.7 Uncertainty in the predicted discharge
Annex A (informative) Multiple least squares regression — Matrix representation
Bibliography
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Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviations
5 General considerations
5.1 Importance of backwater
5.2 Backwater conditions
5.3 Gauging requirements
5.4 Types of stage-fall-discharge relationships
6 Unit-fall method
6.1 General
6.2 Method of analysis
6.3 Computation of discharge
6.4 Example of unit-fall method
7 Constant-fall method
7.1 General
7.2 Method of analysis
7.3 Computation of discharge
7.4 Example of constant-fall method
8 Variable-fall method
8.1 General
8.2 Normal-fall method
8.3 Limiting-fall method
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Method of analysis
8.3.3 Computation of discharge
8.3.4 Example of limiting-fall method
9 Rating curves and tables
10 Method of computation
11 Periodic checking of stage-fall-discharge ratings
12 Extrapolations
13 Evaluation of uncertainty in the stage-fall-discharge relation
13.1 General
13.2 Implementing the GUM procedure for evaluating uncertainty in the stage-fall-discharge relation and derived estimates
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Propagation of uncertainty for stage-fall-discharge estimates
13.2.3 Uncertainty in rating curve
13.2.4 Uncertainty in the measured stage
13.2.5 Uncertainty in the measured fall
13.2.6 Prediction intervals of estimated discharge
13.2.7 Uncertainty caused by neglecting all other physical parameters
13.3 Example
13.3.1 General
13.3.2 Standard error of estimate
13.3.3 Uncertainty of mean response
13.3.4 Uncertainty in measured stage and fall
13.3.5 Uncertainty caused by neglecting all other physical parameters
13.3.6 Propagation of uncertainty in discharge estimation
13.3.7 Uncertainty in the predicted discharge
Annex A (informative) Multiple least squares regression — Matrix representation
Bibliography