ISO 24638:2021
Space systems — Pressure components and pressure system integration
This document establishes the baseline requirements for the design, fabrication and testing of space flight pressure components. It also establishes the requirements for the assembly, installation, test, inspection, operation and maintenance of the pressure systems in spacecraft and launch vehicles. These requirements, when implemented on a particular space system, ensure a high level of confidence in achieving safe and reliable operation.
This document applies to all pressure components other than pressure vessels and pressurized structures in a pressure system. It covers lines, fittings, valves, bellows, hoses and other appropriate components that are integrated to form a pressure system.
The requirements for pressure vessels and pressurized structures are set forth in ISO 14623.
This document does not apply to engine components.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 General requirements
5.1 General
5.2 Design requirements
5.2.1 Loads, pressures and environments
5.2.2 Strength
5.2.3 Stiffness
5.2.4 Thermal effects
5.2.5 Stress analysis
5.2.6 Fatigue analysis/damage tolerance (safe-life) analysis
5.2.7 Analysis of survivability against space debris and meteoroid impacts
5.2.8 Avoidance of accidental break-up caused by an on-board source of energy
5.3 Material requirements
5.3.1 Metallic materials
5.3.2 Non-metallic material requirements
5.4 Fabrication and process requirements
5.5 Contamination control and cleanliness requirements
5.5.1 General contamination control requirements
5.5.2 Design considerations
5.6 Quality assurance programme requirements
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 QA programme inspection plan requirements
5.6.3 QA inspection technique requirements
5.6.4 QA inspection data requirements
5.6.5 Acceptance test requirements
5.7 Qualification test requirements
5.8 Operation and maintenance requirements
5.8.1 Operating procedure
5.8.2 Safe operating limits
5.8.3 Inspection and maintenance
5.8.4 Repair and refurbishment
5.8.5 Storage
5.8.6 Documentation
5.8.7 Reactivation
5.8.8 Recertification
6 General pressurized-system requirements
6.1 System analysis requirements
6.1.1 System pressure analysis
6.1.2 System functional analysis
6.1.3 System hazard analysis
6.2 Design features
6.2.1 Assembly
6.2.2 Routing
6.2.3 Separation
6.2.4 Shielding
6.2.5 Grounding
6.2.6 Handling
6.2.7 Special tools
6.2.8 Test points
6.2.9 Common-plug test connectors
6.2.10 Individual test connectors
6.2.11 Threaded parts
6.2.12 Friction-type locking devices
6.2.13 Internally threaded bosses
6.2.14 Retainer or snap rings
6.2.15 Snubbers
6.3 Component selection
6.3.1 Connections
6.3.2 Fluid temperature
6.3.3 Actuator pressure rating
6.3.4 Pressure rating
6.3.5 Pump selection
6.3.6 Fracture and leakage
6.3.7 Oxygen system components
6.3.8 Pressure regulators
6.3.9 Manual valves and regulators
6.4 Design pressures
6.4.1 Overpressure or underpressure
6.4.2 Back-pressure
6.4.3 Pressure isolation
6.4.4 Gas/fluid separation
6.4.5 Compressed-gas bleeding
6.5 Mechanical-environment design
6.5.1 Acceleration and shock loads
6.5.2 Torque loads
6.5.3 Vibration loads
6.6 Controls
6.6.1 Interlocks
6.6.2 Multiple safety-critical functions
6.6.3 Critical flows and pressures
6.7 Protection
6.8 Electrical
6.8.1 Hazardous atmospheres
6.8.2 Radio frequency energy
6.8.3 Grounding
6.8.4 Solenoids
6.8.5 Electric motor-driven pumps
6.9 Pressure relief
6.9.1 General requirements
6.9.2 Flow capacity
6.9.3 Sizing
6.9.4 Unmanned flight vehicle servicing
6.9.5 Automatic relief
6.9.6 Venting
6.9.7 Relief valve isolation
6.9.8 Negative-pressure protection
6.9.9 Reservoir pressure relief
6.9.10 Air pressure control
6.10 Control devices
6.10.1 Directional control valves
6.10.2 Overtravel
6.10.3 Pressure and volume control stops
6.10.4 Manually operated levers
6.11 Accumulators
6.11.1 Accumulator design
6.11.2 Accumulator gas pressure gauges
6.11.3 Accumulator identification
6.12 Flexible hose
6.12.1 Installation
6.12.2 Restraining devices
6.12.3 Flexible hose stress
6.12.4 Temporary installations
7 Specific pressure system requirements
7.1 General
7.2 Hydraulic systems
7.2.1 Hydraulic system components
7.2.2 Pressure limit
7.2.3 Cavitations
7.2.4 Hydraulic lockup
7.2.5 Pressure relief
7.3 Pneumatic-system requirements
7.3.1 Pneumatic-system components
7.3.2 Controls
Annex A (informative) Recommended minimum safety factors
Annex B (informative) Open line force calculation factors
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 General requirements
5.1 General
5.2 Design requirements
5.2.1 Loads, pressures and environments
5.2.2 Strength
5.2.3 Stiffness
5.2.4 Thermal effects
5.2.5 Stress analysis
5.2.6 Fatigue analysis/damage tolerance (safe-life) analysis
5.2.7 Analysis of survivability against space debris and meteoroid impacts
5.2.8 Avoidance of accidental break-up caused by an on-board source of energy
5.3 Material requirements
5.3.1 Metallic materials
5.3.2 Non-metallic material requirements
5.4 Fabrication and process requirements
5.5 Contamination control and cleanliness requirements
5.5.1 General contamination control requirements
5.5.2 Design considerations
5.6 Quality assurance programme requirements
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 QA programme inspection plan requirements
5.6.3 QA inspection technique requirements
5.6.4 QA inspection data requirements
5.6.5 Acceptance test requirements
5.7 Qualification test requirements
5.8 Operation and maintenance requirements
5.8.1 Operating procedure
5.8.2 Safe operating limits
5.8.3 Inspection and maintenance
5.8.4 Repair and refurbishment
5.8.5 Storage
5.8.6 Documentation
5.8.7 Reactivation
5.8.8 Recertification
6 General pressurized-system requirements
6.1 System analysis requirements
6.1.1 System pressure analysis
6.1.2 System functional analysis
6.1.3 System hazard analysis
6.2 Design features
6.2.1 Assembly
6.2.2 Routing
6.2.3 Separation
6.2.4 Shielding
6.2.5 Grounding
6.2.6 Handling
6.2.7 Special tools
6.2.8 Test points
6.2.9 Common-plug test connectors
6.2.10 Individual test connectors
6.2.11 Threaded parts
6.2.12 Friction-type locking devices
6.2.13 Internally threaded bosses
6.2.14 Retainer or snap rings
6.2.15 Snubbers
6.3 Component selection
6.3.1 Connections
6.3.2 Fluid temperature
6.3.3 Actuator pressure rating
6.3.4 Pressure rating
6.3.5 Pump selection
6.3.6 Fracture and leakage
6.3.7 Oxygen system components
6.3.8 Pressure regulators
6.3.9 Manual valves and regulators
6.4 Design pressures
6.4.1 Overpressure or underpressure
6.4.2 Back-pressure
6.4.3 Pressure isolation
6.4.4 Gas/fluid separation
6.4.5 Compressed-gas bleeding
6.5 Mechanical-environment design
6.5.1 Acceleration and shock loads
6.5.2 Torque loads
6.5.3 Vibration loads
6.6 Controls
6.6.1 Interlocks
6.6.2 Multiple safety-critical functions
6.6.3 Critical flows and pressures
6.7 Protection
6.8 Electrical
6.8.1 Hazardous atmospheres
6.8.2 Radio frequency energy
6.8.3 Grounding
6.8.4 Solenoids
6.8.5 Electric motor-driven pumps
6.9 Pressure relief
6.9.1 General requirements
6.9.2 Flow capacity
6.9.3 Sizing
6.9.4 Unmanned flight vehicle servicing
6.9.5 Automatic relief
6.9.6 Venting
6.9.7 Relief valve isolation
6.9.8 Negative-pressure protection
6.9.9 Reservoir pressure relief
6.9.10 Air pressure control
6.10 Control devices
6.10.1 Directional control valves
6.10.2 Overtravel
6.10.3 Pressure and volume control stops
6.10.4 Manually operated levers
6.11 Accumulators
6.11.1 Accumulator design
6.11.2 Accumulator gas pressure gauges
6.11.3 Accumulator identification
6.12 Flexible hose
6.12.1 Installation
6.12.2 Restraining devices
6.12.3 Flexible hose stress
6.12.4 Temporary installations
7 Specific pressure system requirements
7.1 General
7.2 Hydraulic systems
7.2.1 Hydraulic system components
7.2.2 Pressure limit
7.2.3 Cavitations
7.2.4 Hydraulic lockup
7.2.5 Pressure relief
7.3 Pneumatic-system requirements
7.3.1 Pneumatic-system components
7.3.2 Controls
Annex A (informative) Recommended minimum safety factors
Annex B (informative) Open line force calculation factors
Bibliography