ISO 19901-7:2013
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Specific requirements for offshore structures — Part 7: Stationkeeping systems for floating offshore structures and mobile offshore units
ISO 19901-7:2013 specifies methodologies for
- the design, analysis and evaluation of stationkeeping systems for floating structures used by the oil and gas industries to support production, storage, drilling, well intervention and production, production and storage, drilling, well intervention, production and storage, and
- the assessment of stationkeeping systems for site-specific applications of mobile offshore units (e.g. mobile offshore drilling units, construction units, and pipelay units).
ISO 19901-7:2013 is applicable to the following types of stationkeeping systems, which are either covered directly in ISO 19901-7:2013 or through reference to other guidelines:
- spread moorings (catenary, taut-line and semi-taut-line moorings);
- single point moorings, anchored by spread mooring arrangements;
- dynamic positioning systems;
- thruster-assisted moorings.
Descriptions of the characteristics and of typical components of these systems are given in an informative annex.
The requirements of ISO 19901-7:2013 mainly address spread mooring systems and single point mooring systems with mooring lines composed of steel chain and wire rope. ISO 19901-7:2013 also provides guidance on the application of the methodology to synthetic fibre rope mooring systems, and includes additional requirements related to the unique properties of synthetic fibre ropes.
ISO 19901-7:2013 is applicable to single anchor leg moorings (SALMs) and other single point mooring systems (e.g. tower soft yoke systems) only to the extent to which the requirements are relevant.
ISO 19901-7:2013 is not applicable to the vertical moorings of tension leg platforms (TLPs).
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviated terms
5 Overall considerations
5.1 Functional requirements
5.2 Safety requirements
5.3 Planning requirements
5.4 Inspection and maintenance requirements
5.5 Analytical tools
6 Design requirements
6.1 Exposure levels
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Exposure levels for stationkeeping systems
6.2 Limit states
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Limit states for stationkeeping systems
6.3 Defining design situations
6.4 Design situations
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Design situations for ULS
6.4.2.1 General
6.4.2.2 Permanent moorings
6.4.2.2.1 General
6.4.2.2.2 Permanent moorings with a short design service life
6.4.2.2.3 Permanent moorings designed for disconnection
6.4.2.2.4 Permanent moorings in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.2.5 Permanent moorings redundancy check condition
6.4.2.3 Mobile moorings
6.4.2.3.1 Mobile moorings for structures not in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.3.2 Mobile moorings for structures in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.3.3 Mobile moorings redundancy check condition
6.4.3 Design situations for SLS
6.4.4 Design situations for FLS
6.4.5 Design situations for ALS
7 Actions
7.1 General
7.2 Site-specific data requirements
7.2.1 Data collection and analysis
7.2.2 Water depth
7.2.3 Soil and sea floor conditions
7.2.4 Wave statistics
7.2.5 Wind statistics
7.2.6 Current profile
7.2.7 Atmospheric icing
7.2.8 Marine growth
7.3 Environmental actions on mooring lines
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Current-induced actions
7.3.3 Ice-induced actions
7.3.4 Vortex-induced vibrations of mooring lines
7.4 Indirect actions
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Frequency ranges
7.4.3 Wave-induced actions
7.4.4 Wind-induced actions
7.4.5 Current-induced actions
7.4.6 Directional distribution
7.4.7 Vortex-induced motions of floating structures
8 Mooring analysis
8.1 Basic considerations
8.1.1 Introduction
8.1.2 Mooring analysis conditions
8.1.2.1 General
8.1.2.2 Intact condition
8.1.2.3 Redundancy check condition
8.1.2.4 Transient condition
8.1.2.5 Recommended analysis methods and conditions
8.2 Floating structure offset
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Mean offset
8.2.3 Extreme values of offset
8.3 Floating structure response
8.3.1 Analysis methods
8.3.1.1 General
8.3.1.2 Frequency-domain approach
8.3.1.3 Time-domain approach
8.3.1.4 Combined time-domain and frequency-domain approach
8.3.2 Extreme value statistics
8.3.3 Lowfrequency damping
8.3.4 Riser considerations
8.3.5 Vortex-induced motion considerations
8.3.5.1 General
8.3.5.2 Design criteria for VIM strength analysis
8.3.5.3 VIM strength analysis method
8.3.5.4 Basic considerations for VIM fatigue analysis
8.3.5.5 VIM fatigue analysis for long term and single extreme events
8.3.5.6 VIM chain fatigue and wear
8.4 Mooring line response
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Quasi-static analysis
8.4.3 Dynamic analysis
8.5 Line tension
8.5.1 Mean tension
8.5.2 Extreme values of tension
8.5.3 Design checks
8.5.4 Tension for fatigue analysis
8.6 Line length and geometry constraints
8.7 Anchor forces
8.8 Typical mooring configuration analysis and assessment
8.8.1 Frequency-domain analysis for spread mooring systems
8.8.2 Frequency-domain analysis for single point mooring systems
8.8.3 Time-domain analysis
8.9 Thruster-assisted moorings
8.9.1 General
8.9.2 Analysis conditions
8.9.3 Determination of allowable thrust
8.9.4 Load sharing
8.9.4.1 General
8.9.4.2 Mean load reduction method
8.9.4.3 Heading control and surge damping
8.9.4.4 System dynamic analysis
8.10 Transient analysis of floating structure motions
8.10.1 General
8.10.2 Combined time and frequency-domain analyses
8.10.3 Time-domain analysis
9 Fatigue analysis
9.1 Basic considerations
9.2 Fatigue resistance
9.2.1 Wire rope, chain and connecting links
9.2.2 T-N curves
9.2.3 Tension-tension (T-T) fatigue
9.2.4 Bending-tension (B-T) and free bending fatigue
9.3 Fatigue analysis procedure
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Cumulative fatigue damage
9.3.3 Fatigue damage assessment
9.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.2 Tension range calculation
9.3.3.3 Combining wave-frequency and lowfrequency tensions
9.3.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.3.2 Simple summation
9.3.3.3.3 Combined spectrum
9.3.3.3.4 Combined spectrum with dual narrow-banded correction factor
9.3.3.4 Accounting for mean value of tension in wire rope
10 Design criteria
10.1 Floating structure offset
10.2 Line tension limit
10.3 Grounded line length
10.4 Anchoring systems
10.4.1 General
10.4.2 Drag anchors
10.4.3 Anchor piles
10.4.4 Other anchor types
10.4.5 Chain and wire rope holding capacity
10.4.6 Mooring test load
10.4.6.1 General
10.4.6.2 Permanent moorings
10.4.6.3 Mobile moorings
10.5 Fatigue safety factor
10.6 Corrosion and wear
10.7 Clearances
10.7.1 Basic considerations
10.7.2 Mooring line crossing pipeline
10.7.3 Horizontal distance between installations
10.7.4 Clearance between a drag anchor and other installations
10.8 Supporting structures
11 Mooring hardware
11.1 Mooring line components
11.1.1 General
11.1.2 Wire rope
11.1.3 Chain
11.1.4 Connecting links
11.1.5 Spring buoys
11.1.6 Anchors
11.2 Winching equipment
11.3 Monitoring equipment
11.3.1 Line tension
11.3.2 Line payout
11.3.3 Floating structure position
11.3.4 Floating structure heading
12 In-service inspection, monitoring and maintenance
12.1 General
12.2 Mobile moorings
12.3 Permanent moorings
12.3.1 General
12.3.2 Structural integrity management system philosophies
12.3.2.1 General
12.3.2.2 Database development and data acquisition
12.3.2.3 Evaluation
12.3.2.4 Planning
12.3.2.5 Implementation
12.3.2.6 Verification
13 Dynamic positioning system
13.1 Basic considerations
13.1.1 General
13.1.2 DP equipment
13.2 Design and analysis
13.2.1 Failure modes and effects analysis
13.2.2 DP equipment classes
13.3 Design, test and maintenance
13.4 Operating personnel
13.5 Determination of stationkeeping capability
14 Synthetic fibre rope mooring
14.1 Basic considerations
14.2 Fibre rope mooring analysis
14.2.1 Fibre rope tension-elongation properties
14.2.2 Fibre rope line length
14.3 Fatigue analysis
14.3.1 Tension-tension fatigue resistance
14.3.2 Axial compression fatigue
14.4 Creep analysis
14.5 Design criteria
14.5.1 Maximum line tension
14.5.2 Minimum line tension
14.5.2.1 General
14.5.2.2 Polyester and HMPE
14.5.2.3 Aramid and other materials
14.5.2.4 Minimum mean tensions for pre-deployed lines
14.5.3 Fatigue
14.5.4 Creep elongation
14.6 Model testing
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviated terms
5 Overall considerations
5.1 Functional requirements
5.2 Safety requirements
5.3 Planning requirements
5.4 Inspection and maintenance requirements
5.5 Analytical tools
6 Design requirements
6.1 Exposure levels
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Exposure levels for stationkeeping systems
6.2 Limit states
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Limit states for stationkeeping systems
6.3 Defining design situations
6.4 Design situations
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Design situations for ULS
6.4.2.1 General
6.4.2.2 Permanent moorings
6.4.2.2.1 General
6.4.2.2.2 Permanent moorings with a short design service life
6.4.2.2.3 Permanent moorings designed for disconnection
6.4.2.2.4 Permanent moorings in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.2.5 Permanent moorings redundancy check condition
6.4.2.3 Mobile moorings
6.4.2.3.1 Mobile moorings for structures not in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.3.2 Mobile moorings for structures in proximity to other installations
6.4.2.3.3 Mobile moorings redundancy check condition
6.4.3 Design situations for SLS
6.4.4 Design situations for FLS
6.4.5 Design situations for ALS
7 Actions
7.1 General
7.2 Site-specific data requirements
7.2.1 Data collection and analysis
7.2.2 Water depth
7.2.3 Soil and sea floor conditions
7.2.4 Wave statistics
7.2.5 Wind statistics
7.2.6 Current profile
7.2.7 Atmospheric icing
7.2.8 Marine growth
7.3 Environmental actions on mooring lines
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Current-induced actions
7.3.3 Ice-induced actions
7.3.4 Vortex-induced vibrations of mooring lines
7.4 Indirect actions
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Frequency ranges
7.4.3 Wave-induced actions
7.4.4 Wind-induced actions
7.4.5 Current-induced actions
7.4.6 Directional distribution
7.4.7 Vortex-induced motions of floating structures
8 Mooring analysis
8.1 Basic considerations
8.1.1 Introduction
8.1.2 Mooring analysis conditions
8.1.2.1 General
8.1.2.2 Intact condition
8.1.2.3 Redundancy check condition
8.1.2.4 Transient condition
8.1.2.5 Recommended analysis methods and conditions
8.2 Floating structure offset
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Mean offset
8.2.3 Extreme values of offset
8.3 Floating structure response
8.3.1 Analysis methods
8.3.1.1 General
8.3.1.2 Frequency-domain approach
8.3.1.3 Time-domain approach
8.3.1.4 Combined time-domain and frequency-domain approach
8.3.2 Extreme value statistics
8.3.3 Lowfrequency damping
8.3.4 Riser considerations
8.3.5 Vortex-induced motion considerations
8.3.5.1 General
8.3.5.2 Design criteria for VIM strength analysis
8.3.5.3 VIM strength analysis method
8.3.5.4 Basic considerations for VIM fatigue analysis
8.3.5.5 VIM fatigue analysis for long term and single extreme events
8.3.5.6 VIM chain fatigue and wear
8.4 Mooring line response
8.4.1 General
8.4.2 Quasi-static analysis
8.4.3 Dynamic analysis
8.5 Line tension
8.5.1 Mean tension
8.5.2 Extreme values of tension
8.5.3 Design checks
8.5.4 Tension for fatigue analysis
8.6 Line length and geometry constraints
8.7 Anchor forces
8.8 Typical mooring configuration analysis and assessment
8.8.1 Frequency-domain analysis for spread mooring systems
8.8.2 Frequency-domain analysis for single point mooring systems
8.8.3 Time-domain analysis
8.9 Thruster-assisted moorings
8.9.1 General
8.9.2 Analysis conditions
8.9.3 Determination of allowable thrust
8.9.4 Load sharing
8.9.4.1 General
8.9.4.2 Mean load reduction method
8.9.4.3 Heading control and surge damping
8.9.4.4 System dynamic analysis
8.10 Transient analysis of floating structure motions
8.10.1 General
8.10.2 Combined time and frequency-domain analyses
8.10.3 Time-domain analysis
9 Fatigue analysis
9.1 Basic considerations
9.2 Fatigue resistance
9.2.1 Wire rope, chain and connecting links
9.2.2 T-N curves
9.2.3 Tension-tension (T-T) fatigue
9.2.4 Bending-tension (B-T) and free bending fatigue
9.3 Fatigue analysis procedure
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Cumulative fatigue damage
9.3.3 Fatigue damage assessment
9.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.2 Tension range calculation
9.3.3.3 Combining wave-frequency and lowfrequency tensions
9.3.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.3.2 Simple summation
9.3.3.3.3 Combined spectrum
9.3.3.3.4 Combined spectrum with dual narrow-banded correction factor
9.3.3.4 Accounting for mean value of tension in wire rope
10 Design criteria
10.1 Floating structure offset
10.2 Line tension limit
10.3 Grounded line length
10.4 Anchoring systems
10.4.1 General
10.4.2 Drag anchors
10.4.3 Anchor piles
10.4.4 Other anchor types
10.4.5 Chain and wire rope holding capacity
10.4.6 Mooring test load
10.4.6.1 General
10.4.6.2 Permanent moorings
10.4.6.3 Mobile moorings
10.5 Fatigue safety factor
10.6 Corrosion and wear
10.7 Clearances
10.7.1 Basic considerations
10.7.2 Mooring line crossing pipeline
10.7.3 Horizontal distance between installations
10.7.4 Clearance between a drag anchor and other installations
10.8 Supporting structures
11 Mooring hardware
11.1 Mooring line components
11.1.1 General
11.1.2 Wire rope
11.1.3 Chain
11.1.4 Connecting links
11.1.5 Spring buoys
11.1.6 Anchors
11.2 Winching equipment
11.3 Monitoring equipment
11.3.1 Line tension
11.3.2 Line payout
11.3.3 Floating structure position
11.3.4 Floating structure heading
12 In-service inspection, monitoring and maintenance
12.1 General
12.2 Mobile moorings
12.3 Permanent moorings
12.3.1 General
12.3.2 Structural integrity management system philosophies
12.3.2.1 General
12.3.2.2 Database development and data acquisition
12.3.2.3 Evaluation
12.3.2.4 Planning
12.3.2.5 Implementation
12.3.2.6 Verification
13 Dynamic positioning system
13.1 Basic considerations
13.1.1 General
13.1.2 DP equipment
13.2 Design and analysis
13.2.1 Failure modes and effects analysis
13.2.2 DP equipment classes
13.3 Design, test and maintenance
13.4 Operating personnel
13.5 Determination of stationkeeping capability
14 Synthetic fibre rope mooring
14.1 Basic considerations
14.2 Fibre rope mooring analysis
14.2.1 Fibre rope tension-elongation properties
14.2.2 Fibre rope line length
14.3 Fatigue analysis
14.3.1 Tension-tension fatigue resistance
14.3.2 Axial compression fatigue
14.4 Creep analysis
14.5 Design criteria
14.5.1 Maximum line tension
14.5.2 Minimum line tension
14.5.2.1 General
14.5.2.2 Polyester and HMPE
14.5.2.3 Aramid and other materials
14.5.2.4 Minimum mean tensions for pre-deployed lines
14.5.3 Fatigue
14.5.4 Creep elongation
14.6 Model testing