ISO 15589-1:2015
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Cathodic protection of pipeline systems — Part 1: On-land pipelines
ISO 15589-1:2015 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the pre-installation surveys, design, materials, equipment, installation, commissioning, operation, inspection, and maintenance of cathodic protection systems for on-land pipelines, as defined in ISO 13623 or EN 14161 for the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries, and in EN 1594 or EN 12007‑1 and EN 12007‑3 used by gas supply industries in Europe.
All contents of this part of ISO 15589 are applicable to on-land pipelines and piping systems used in other industries and transporting other media such as industrial gases, waters, or slurries.
ISO 15589-1:2015 applies to buried pipelines, landfalls of offshore pipeline sections protected by on-shore based cathodic protection installations, and to immersed sections of on-land pipelines such as river or lake crossings.
ISO 15589-1:2015 specifies requirements for pipelines of carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, galvanized steel, or copper. If other pipeline materials are used, the criteria to apply are defined under the responsibility of the pipeline operator.
ISO 15589-1:2015 does not apply to pipelines made of reinforced concrete for which EN 12696 can be applied.
NOTE Special conditions sometimes exist where cathodic protection is ineffective or only partially effective. Such conditions can include shielding (e.g. disbonded coatings, thermal-insulating coatings, rocky soil, etc.) and unusual contaminants in the electrolyte.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviations
5 CP personnel competence
6 Cathodic protection criteria
6.1 General
6.2 Protection potentials
6.3 Alternative methods
6.3.1 100 mV cathodic potential shift
6.3.2 Other methods
6.4 Criteria in the presence of a.c.
7 Pre-requisites for the application of cathodic protection
7.1 General
7.2 Electrical continuity
7.3 Electrical isolation
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Locations
7.3.3 Isolating joints
7.3.4 Internal corrosion risks at isolating joints
7.3.5 Contacts between metallic structures
7.3.6 Electrical earthing system
7.4 Lightning and overvoltage protection
7.5 Coating
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Factory-applied coatings
7.5.3 Field joint coatings
7.5.4 Coating for trenchless pipelines
7.5.5 Air to electrolyte interface
7.5.6 Compatibility of coatings and wraps with cathodic protection
7.5.7 Thermal insulation
7.5.8 Reinforced concrete weight coating
7.6 Selection of pipe trench backfill material
7.7 Buried casings for pipelines
7.7.1 General
7.7.2 Casings that shield cathodic protection current
7.7.3 Casings that pass cathodic protection current
7.8 Equipment for the reduction of a.c. interference
7.9 Equipment for the mitigation of d.c. interference
8 Basic requirements for cathodic protection design
8.1 General
8.2 Basic information for cathodic protection design
8.3 Contents of cathodic protection design report
8.4 Cathodic protection current demand
8.4.1 Calculation of the theoretical total current demand
8.4.2 Current demand based on coating breakdown factors
8.4.3 Current demand based on current density values for coated pipelines
8.5 Cathodic protection equipment
8.5.1 Cathodic protection cables
8.5.2 Cable connection
8.5.3 Precautions to respect for distribution boxes and test stations
8.6 Temporary protection
8.7 Specific case of existing pipelines
8.7.1 General
8.7.2 Parallel pipelines
8.7.3 Parallelism or crossing with a.c. power systems
8.8 Trenchless installation methods
9 Impressed current stations
9.1 General
9.2 Power supply
9.3 Groundbeds
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Deep-well groundbeds
9.3.3 Shallow groundbeds
9.3.4 Impressed-current anodes and conductive backfill
9.4 Output control
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Current distribution for multiple pipelines
9.4.3 Potential control
10 Galvanic anode systems
10.1 General
10.2 Design requirements
10.3 Zinc anodes
10.4 Magnesium anodes
10.5 Design of the anode system
10.6 Anode backfill
10.7 Cables and cable connections
10.8 Anode installation
11 Monitoring facilities
11.1 General
11.2 Locations of test stations
11.3 Description of test stations
11.4 Use of probes and coupons
11.5 Bonding to other pipelines
11.6 Test facilities at cased crossings
11.7 Test facilities at isolating joints
11.8 Line current monitoring test stations
11.9 Drain-point test facilities
11.10 Miscellaneous monitoring facilities
12 Commissioning
12.1 General
12.2 Preliminary tests
12.3 Start up
12.3.1 Impressed current stations
12.3.2 Galvanic anodes
12.3.3 Drainage stations
12.3.4 Test stations
12.4 Verification of cathodic protection effectiveness
12.4.1 General
12.4.2 Measurements of d.c. potential and a.c. voltage
12.4.3 Current measurements
12.4.4 Adjustments
12.5 Commissioning report
12.5.1 Installation documentation
12.5.2 Commissioning measurements
13 Monitoring, inspection, and maintenance
13.1 General
13.2 Implementation of inspection
13.3 Periodicities of inspection
13.4 Remote monitoring
13.5 Specialized surveys
13.6 Monitoring plan
13.7 Monitoring equipment
13.8 Maintenance and repair
14 Documentation
14.1 Design documentation
14.1.1 General
14.1.2 Construction details and installation procedures
14.2 Commissioning documentation
14.3 Operating and maintenance documentation
14.3.1 General
14.3.2 Inspection and monitoring data
14.3.3 Maintenance records
Annex A (normative) Cathodic protection measurements
Annex B (normative) Electrical interference
Annex C (informative) Fault detection of impressed-current systems during operation
Annex D (informative) Description of specialized surveys
Annex E (informative) Attenuation of protection
Annex F (informative) Electrical tests for isolating joints before installation
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Abbreviations
5 CP personnel competence
6 Cathodic protection criteria
6.1 General
6.2 Protection potentials
6.3 Alternative methods
6.3.1 100 mV cathodic potential shift
6.3.2 Other methods
6.4 Criteria in the presence of a.c.
7 Pre-requisites for the application of cathodic protection
7.1 General
7.2 Electrical continuity
7.3 Electrical isolation
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Locations
7.3.3 Isolating joints
7.3.4 Internal corrosion risks at isolating joints
7.3.5 Contacts between metallic structures
7.3.6 Electrical earthing system
7.4 Lightning and overvoltage protection
7.5 Coating
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Factory-applied coatings
7.5.3 Field joint coatings
7.5.4 Coating for trenchless pipelines
7.5.5 Air to electrolyte interface
7.5.6 Compatibility of coatings and wraps with cathodic protection
7.5.7 Thermal insulation
7.5.8 Reinforced concrete weight coating
7.6 Selection of pipe trench backfill material
7.7 Buried casings for pipelines
7.7.1 General
7.7.2 Casings that shield cathodic protection current
7.7.3 Casings that pass cathodic protection current
7.8 Equipment for the reduction of a.c. interference
7.9 Equipment for the mitigation of d.c. interference
8 Basic requirements for cathodic protection design
8.1 General
8.2 Basic information for cathodic protection design
8.3 Contents of cathodic protection design report
8.4 Cathodic protection current demand
8.4.1 Calculation of the theoretical total current demand
8.4.2 Current demand based on coating breakdown factors
8.4.3 Current demand based on current density values for coated pipelines
8.5 Cathodic protection equipment
8.5.1 Cathodic protection cables
8.5.2 Cable connection
8.5.3 Precautions to respect for distribution boxes and test stations
8.6 Temporary protection
8.7 Specific case of existing pipelines
8.7.1 General
8.7.2 Parallel pipelines
8.7.3 Parallelism or crossing with a.c. power systems
8.8 Trenchless installation methods
9 Impressed current stations
9.1 General
9.2 Power supply
9.3 Groundbeds
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Deep-well groundbeds
9.3.3 Shallow groundbeds
9.3.4 Impressed-current anodes and conductive backfill
9.4 Output control
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Current distribution for multiple pipelines
9.4.3 Potential control
10 Galvanic anode systems
10.1 General
10.2 Design requirements
10.3 Zinc anodes
10.4 Magnesium anodes
10.5 Design of the anode system
10.6 Anode backfill
10.7 Cables and cable connections
10.8 Anode installation
11 Monitoring facilities
11.1 General
11.2 Locations of test stations
11.3 Description of test stations
11.4 Use of probes and coupons
11.5 Bonding to other pipelines
11.6 Test facilities at cased crossings
11.7 Test facilities at isolating joints
11.8 Line current monitoring test stations
11.9 Drain-point test facilities
11.10 Miscellaneous monitoring facilities
12 Commissioning
12.1 General
12.2 Preliminary tests
12.3 Start up
12.3.1 Impressed current stations
12.3.2 Galvanic anodes
12.3.3 Drainage stations
12.3.4 Test stations
12.4 Verification of cathodic protection effectiveness
12.4.1 General
12.4.2 Measurements of d.c. potential and a.c. voltage
12.4.3 Current measurements
12.4.4 Adjustments
12.5 Commissioning report
12.5.1 Installation documentation
12.5.2 Commissioning measurements
13 Monitoring, inspection, and maintenance
13.1 General
13.2 Implementation of inspection
13.3 Periodicities of inspection
13.4 Remote monitoring
13.5 Specialized surveys
13.6 Monitoring plan
13.7 Monitoring equipment
13.8 Maintenance and repair
14 Documentation
14.1 Design documentation
14.1.1 General
14.1.2 Construction details and installation procedures
14.2 Commissioning documentation
14.3 Operating and maintenance documentation
14.3.1 General
14.3.2 Inspection and monitoring data
14.3.3 Maintenance records
Annex A (normative) Cathodic protection measurements
Annex B (normative) Electrical interference
Annex C (informative) Fault detection of impressed-current systems during operation
Annex D (informative) Description of specialized surveys
Annex E (informative) Attenuation of protection
Annex F (informative) Electrical tests for isolating joints before installation
Bibliography