AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2023
Safety of toys Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
Standard identically adopts ISO 8124.1:2023, which specifies acceptable criteria for structural characteristics and properties of toys for their safe use, taking into account normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse, by children up to the age of 14 years.
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AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2023 Safety of toys Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 Normal use (see E.2)
4.1.2 Location of warnings
4.2 Reasonably foreseeable abuse (see E.3)
4.3 Material
4.3.1 Material quality (see E.4)
4.3.2 Expanding materials (see E.5)
4.4 Small parts
4.4.1 For children under 36 months (see E.6)
4.4.2 For children 36 months and over but under 72 months
4.5 Shape, size and strength of certain toys (see E.7)
4.5.1 Squeeze toys, rattles, fasteners and certain other toys and components of toys
4.5.2 Small balls
4.5.3 Pompoms (see E.8)
4.5.4 Pre-school play figures (see E.9)
4.5.5 Toy pacifiers
4.5.6 Balloons
4.5.7 Marbles
4.5.8 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see E.41)
4.6 Edges (see E.11)
4.6.1 Accessible sharp edges of glass or metal
4.6.2 Functional sharp edges
4.6.3 Edges on metal toys
4.6.4 Edges on moulded toys
4.6.5 Edges on exposed bolts or threaded rods
4.7 Points (see E.12)
4.7.1 Accessible sharp points
4.7.2 Functional sharp points
4.7.3 Wooden toys
4.8 Projections
4.8.1 General requirements (see E.13)
4.8.2 Special considerations for bath toy projections
4.9 Metal wires and rods (see E.14)
4.10 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys (see E.15)
4.11 Cords
4.11.1 General (see E.16)
4.11.2 Cords in toys intended for children under 18 months
4.11.3 Cords in toys intended for children 18 months and over but under 36 months
4.11.4 Fixed loops and nooses intended for children under 36 months
4.11.5 Cords on pull toys
4.11.6 Electrical cables
4.11.7 Diameter of certain cords intended for children under 36 months
4.11.8 Self-retracting cords intended for children under 36 months
4.11.9 Toys attached to or intended to be strung across, or otherwise attached to, a cradle, cot, perambulator or carriage
4.11.10 Cords on toy bags
4.11.11 Cords, strings and lines for flying toys
4.12 Folding mechanisms (see E.17)
4.12.1 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys
4.12.2 Other toys with folding mechanisms (see E.18)
4.12.3 Hinge-line clearance (see E.19)
4.13 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
4.13.1 Circular holes in rigid materials (see E.20)
4.13.2 Accessible clearances for movable segments (see E.21)
4.13.3 Chains or belts in ride-on toys (see E.22)
4.13.4 Other driving mechanisms (see E.23)
4.13.5 Winding keys (see E.24)
4.14 Springs (see E.25)
4.15 Stability and overload requirements
4.15.1 Stability of ride-on toys and seats
4.15.2 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats (see E.28)
4.15.3 Stability of stationary floor toys (see E.29)
4.16 Enclosures (see E.30)
4.16.1 Ventilation
4.16.2 Closures
4.16.3 Toys that enclose the head
4.17 Items that cover the face and simulated protective equipment (see E.31)
4.18 Projectile toys (see E.32)
4.18.1 General
4.18.2 Projectiles
4.18.3 Projectile toys with stored energy
4.18.4 Projectile toys without stored energy
4.19 Flying toys (see E.33)
4.19.1 General
4.19.2 Rotor blades on flying toys
4.19.3 Rotor blades on remote-controlled flying toys
4.20 Aquatic toys (see E.34)
4.21 Braking (see E.35)
4.22 Toy bicycles (see 4.13.3 and E.36)
4.22.1 General
4.22.2 Instructions for use
4.22.3 Determination of maximum saddle height
4.22.4 Braking requirements
4.23 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys (see E.37)
4.24 Toys containing a heat source
4.25 Liquid-filled toys (see E.38)
4.26 Mouth-actuated toys (see E.39)
4.27 Toy roller skates, toy inline skates and toy skateboards
4.28 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see E.40)
4.29 Acoustic requirements (see E.42)
4.30 Toy scooters (see E.44)
4.30.1 General
4.30.2 Warnings and instructions for use
4.30.3 Strength
4.30.4 Stability
4.30.5 Adjustable and folding steering tubes and handlebars
4.30.6 Braking
4.30.7 Wheel size
4.30.8 Projections (see E.13)
4.31 Magnets and magnetic components (see E.45)
4.31.1 General
4.31.2 Magnetic or electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over
4.31.3 All other toys with magnets and magnetic components
4.32 Yo-yo balls (see E.46)
4.33 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see E.47)
4.34 Sledges and toboggans with cords for pulling
4.35 Jaw entrapment in handles and steering wheels (see E.48)
4.36 Assembly
4.36.1 General
4.36.2 Toys intended to be assembled by a child
4.36.3 Toys intended to be assembled by an adult
4.36.4 Toys that are intended to be disassembled between uses
4.37 Functional toys
4.38 Toys intended to come into contact with food
4.39 Inflatable toys
5 Test methods
5.1 General
5.2 Small parts test
5.3 Test for shape and size of certain toys
5.4 Small balls test
5.5 Test for pompoms
5.6 Test for pre-school play figures
5.7 Accessibility of a part or component
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Principle
5.7.3 Apparatus
5.7.4 Procedure
5.8 Sharp-edge test
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Principle
5.8.3 Apparatus
5.8.4 Procedure
5.9 Sharp-point test
5.9.1 General
5.9.2 Principle
5.9.3 Apparatus
5.9.4 Procedure
5.10 Determination of thickness of plastic film and sheeting
5.10.1 General
5.10.2 Apparatus
5.10.3 Procedure
5.11 Test for cords
5.11.1 Cord cross-sectional dimension
5.11.2 Length of cords and electrical cables
5.11.3 Breakaway feature separation test
5.11.4 Test for fixed loops and nooses
5.11.5 Self-retracting cords
5.11.6 Electrical resistance of cords
5.12 Stability and overload tests
5.12.1 General
5.12.2 Sideways stability test, feet available for stabilization
5.12.3 Sideways stability test, feet unavailable for stabilization
5.12.4 Fore and aft stability test
5.12.5 Overload test for ride-on toys and seats
5.12.6 Stability test of stationary floor toys
5.13 Test for closures and toy chest lids
5.13.1 Closures
5.13.2 Toy chest lids
5.14 Impact test for toys that cover the face
5.15 Kinetic energy and wall impact test (see 4.18)
5.15.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles
5.15.2 Wall impact test for projectiles
5.16 Freewheeling facility and brake performance test
5.16.1 Determination of freewheeling facility
5.16.2 Brake performance for mechanically or electrically powered ride-on toys other than toy bicycles
5.16.3 Brake performance for toy bicycles
5.17 Determination of speed of electrically driven ride-on toys
5.18 Determination of temperature increases
5.19 Leakage of liquid-filled toys
5.20 Durability of mouth-actuated toys
5.21 Expanding materials
5.22 Folding or sliding mechanisms
5.22.1 Loads
5.22.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators
5.22.3 Other toys with folding mechanisms
5.23 Washable toys
5.24 Reasonably foreseeable abuse tests
5.24.1 General
5.24.2 Drop test
5.24.3 Tip-over test for large and bulky toys (see E.3)
5.24.4 Dynamic strength test for wheeled ride-on toys other than toy scooters
5.24.5 Torque test
5.24.6 Tension test
5.24.7 Compression test
5.24.8 Flexure test
5.25 Determination of sound pressure levels
5.25.1 General test conditions
5.25.2 Specific test methods
5.26 Static strength for toy scooters
5.27 Dynamic strength for toy scooters
5.27.1 Principle
5.27.2 Load
5.27.3 Procedure
5.28 Brake performance for toy scooters
5.28.1 General
5.28.2 Toy scooters with handbrake
5.28.3 Toy scooters with foot brake
5.29 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes
5.29.1 General
5.29.2 Resistance to downward forces
5.29.3 Resistance to upward forces
5.30 Resistance to separation of handlebar
5.31 Tension test for magnets
5.31.1 Principle
5.31.2 Toys with magnets or magnetic components
5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component
5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component
5.32 Magnetic flux index
5.32.1 General
5.32.2 Principle
5.32.3 Apparatus
5.32.4 Procedure
5.32.5 Calculation of magnetic flux index
5.33 Impact test for magnets
5.34 Soaking test for magnets
5.35 Determination of projectile range
5.36 Tip assessment of rigid projectiles
5.37 Length of suction cup projectiles
5.38 Yo-yo ball measurements
5.38.1 Measurement of elastic constant, k
5.38.2 Measurement of initial length, l0
5.39 Jaw entrapment test
Annex A (informative) Age-grading guidelines
Annex B (informative) Safety-labelling guidelines and manufacturer's markings
Annex C (informative) Design guidelines for toys attached to cribs or playpens
Annex D (informative) Toy gun marking
Annex E (informative) Rationale
Annex F (informative) Bath toy projection design guidelines
Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition
Bibliography
Previous versions
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AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2023 Safety of toys Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 Normal use (see E.2)
4.1.2 Location of warnings
4.2 Reasonably foreseeable abuse (see E.3)
4.3 Material
4.3.1 Material quality (see E.4)
4.3.2 Expanding materials (see E.5)
4.4 Small parts
4.4.1 For children under 36 months (see E.6)
4.4.2 For children 36 months and over but under 72 months
4.5 Shape, size and strength of certain toys (see E.7)
4.5.1 Squeeze toys, rattles, fasteners and certain other toys and components of toys
4.5.2 Small balls
4.5.3 Pompoms (see E.8)
4.5.4 Pre-school play figures (see E.9)
4.5.5 Toy pacifiers
4.5.6 Balloons
4.5.7 Marbles
4.5.8 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see E.41)
4.6 Edges (see E.11)
4.6.1 Accessible sharp edges of glass or metal
4.6.2 Functional sharp edges
4.6.3 Edges on metal toys
4.6.4 Edges on moulded toys
4.6.5 Edges on exposed bolts or threaded rods
4.7 Points (see E.12)
4.7.1 Accessible sharp points
4.7.2 Functional sharp points
4.7.3 Wooden toys
4.8 Projections
4.8.1 General requirements (see E.13)
4.8.2 Special considerations for bath toy projections
4.9 Metal wires and rods (see E.14)
4.10 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys (see E.15)
4.11 Cords
4.11.1 General (see E.16)
4.11.2 Cords in toys intended for children under 18 months
4.11.3 Cords in toys intended for children 18 months and over but under 36 months
4.11.4 Fixed loops and nooses intended for children under 36 months
4.11.5 Cords on pull toys
4.11.6 Electrical cables
4.11.7 Diameter of certain cords intended for children under 36 months
4.11.8 Self-retracting cords intended for children under 36 months
4.11.9 Toys attached to or intended to be strung across, or otherwise attached to, a cradle, cot, perambulator or carriage
4.11.10 Cords on toy bags
4.11.11 Cords, strings and lines for flying toys
4.12 Folding mechanisms (see E.17)
4.12.1 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys
4.12.2 Other toys with folding mechanisms (see E.18)
4.12.3 Hinge-line clearance (see E.19)
4.13 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms
4.13.1 Circular holes in rigid materials (see E.20)
4.13.2 Accessible clearances for movable segments (see E.21)
4.13.3 Chains or belts in ride-on toys (see E.22)
4.13.4 Other driving mechanisms (see E.23)
4.13.5 Winding keys (see E.24)
4.14 Springs (see E.25)
4.15 Stability and overload requirements
4.15.1 Stability of ride-on toys and seats
4.15.2 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats (see E.28)
4.15.3 Stability of stationary floor toys (see E.29)
4.16 Enclosures (see E.30)
4.16.1 Ventilation
4.16.2 Closures
4.16.3 Toys that enclose the head
4.17 Items that cover the face and simulated protective equipment (see E.31)
4.18 Projectile toys (see E.32)
4.18.1 General
4.18.2 Projectiles
4.18.3 Projectile toys with stored energy
4.18.4 Projectile toys without stored energy
4.19 Flying toys (see E.33)
4.19.1 General
4.19.2 Rotor blades on flying toys
4.19.3 Rotor blades on remote-controlled flying toys
4.20 Aquatic toys (see E.34)
4.21 Braking (see E.35)
4.22 Toy bicycles (see 4.13.3 and E.36)
4.22.1 General
4.22.2 Instructions for use
4.22.3 Determination of maximum saddle height
4.22.4 Braking requirements
4.23 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys (see E.37)
4.24 Toys containing a heat source
4.25 Liquid-filled toys (see E.38)
4.26 Mouth-actuated toys (see E.39)
4.27 Toy roller skates, toy inline skates and toy skateboards
4.28 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see E.40)
4.29 Acoustic requirements (see E.42)
4.30 Toy scooters (see E.44)
4.30.1 General
4.30.2 Warnings and instructions for use
4.30.3 Strength
4.30.4 Stability
4.30.5 Adjustable and folding steering tubes and handlebars
4.30.6 Braking
4.30.7 Wheel size
4.30.8 Projections (see E.13)
4.31 Magnets and magnetic components (see E.45)
4.31.1 General
4.31.2 Magnetic or electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over
4.31.3 All other toys with magnets and magnetic components
4.32 Yo-yo balls (see E.46)
4.33 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see E.47)
4.34 Sledges and toboggans with cords for pulling
4.35 Jaw entrapment in handles and steering wheels (see E.48)
4.36 Assembly
4.36.1 General
4.36.2 Toys intended to be assembled by a child
4.36.3 Toys intended to be assembled by an adult
4.36.4 Toys that are intended to be disassembled between uses
4.37 Functional toys
4.38 Toys intended to come into contact with food
4.39 Inflatable toys
5 Test methods
5.1 General
5.2 Small parts test
5.3 Test for shape and size of certain toys
5.4 Small balls test
5.5 Test for pompoms
5.6 Test for pre-school play figures
5.7 Accessibility of a part or component
5.7.1 General
5.7.2 Principle
5.7.3 Apparatus
5.7.4 Procedure
5.8 Sharp-edge test
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Principle
5.8.3 Apparatus
5.8.4 Procedure
5.9 Sharp-point test
5.9.1 General
5.9.2 Principle
5.9.3 Apparatus
5.9.4 Procedure
5.10 Determination of thickness of plastic film and sheeting
5.10.1 General
5.10.2 Apparatus
5.10.3 Procedure
5.11 Test for cords
5.11.1 Cord cross-sectional dimension
5.11.2 Length of cords and electrical cables
5.11.3 Breakaway feature separation test
5.11.4 Test for fixed loops and nooses
5.11.5 Self-retracting cords
5.11.6 Electrical resistance of cords
5.12 Stability and overload tests
5.12.1 General
5.12.2 Sideways stability test, feet available for stabilization
5.12.3 Sideways stability test, feet unavailable for stabilization
5.12.4 Fore and aft stability test
5.12.5 Overload test for ride-on toys and seats
5.12.6 Stability test of stationary floor toys
5.13 Test for closures and toy chest lids
5.13.1 Closures
5.13.2 Toy chest lids
5.14 Impact test for toys that cover the face
5.15 Kinetic energy and wall impact test (see 4.18)
5.15.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles
5.15.2 Wall impact test for projectiles
5.16 Freewheeling facility and brake performance test
5.16.1 Determination of freewheeling facility
5.16.2 Brake performance for mechanically or electrically powered ride-on toys other than toy bicycles
5.16.3 Brake performance for toy bicycles
5.17 Determination of speed of electrically driven ride-on toys
5.18 Determination of temperature increases
5.19 Leakage of liquid-filled toys
5.20 Durability of mouth-actuated toys
5.21 Expanding materials
5.22 Folding or sliding mechanisms
5.22.1 Loads
5.22.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators
5.22.3 Other toys with folding mechanisms
5.23 Washable toys
5.24 Reasonably foreseeable abuse tests
5.24.1 General
5.24.2 Drop test
5.24.3 Tip-over test for large and bulky toys (see E.3)
5.24.4 Dynamic strength test for wheeled ride-on toys other than toy scooters
5.24.5 Torque test
5.24.6 Tension test
5.24.7 Compression test
5.24.8 Flexure test
5.25 Determination of sound pressure levels
5.25.1 General test conditions
5.25.2 Specific test methods
5.26 Static strength for toy scooters
5.27 Dynamic strength for toy scooters
5.27.1 Principle
5.27.2 Load
5.27.3 Procedure
5.28 Brake performance for toy scooters
5.28.1 General
5.28.2 Toy scooters with handbrake
5.28.3 Toy scooters with foot brake
5.29 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes
5.29.1 General
5.29.2 Resistance to downward forces
5.29.3 Resistance to upward forces
5.30 Resistance to separation of handlebar
5.31 Tension test for magnets
5.31.1 Principle
5.31.2 Toys with magnets or magnetic components
5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component
5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component
5.32 Magnetic flux index
5.32.1 General
5.32.2 Principle
5.32.3 Apparatus
5.32.4 Procedure
5.32.5 Calculation of magnetic flux index
5.33 Impact test for magnets
5.34 Soaking test for magnets
5.35 Determination of projectile range
5.36 Tip assessment of rigid projectiles
5.37 Length of suction cup projectiles
5.38 Yo-yo ball measurements
5.38.1 Measurement of elastic constant, k
5.38.2 Measurement of initial length, l0
5.39 Jaw entrapment test
Annex A (informative) Age-grading guidelines
Annex B (informative) Safety-labelling guidelines and manufacturer's markings
Annex C (informative) Design guidelines for toys attached to cribs or playpens
Annex D (informative) Toy gun marking
Annex E (informative) Rationale
Annex F (informative) Bath toy projection design guidelines
Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition
Bibliography
Previous versions
AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2023
Online Library subscription pricing
The cost of your subscription will depend on which standards you want to access, and how many people in your organisation need to be able to access the Online Library subscription at the same time (concurrent users). During your subscription period, we are also able to make any necessary changes and ensure you are aware of any pricing changes that result. For a quote, contact our Online Library team by emailing onlinelibrary@standards.govt.nz.