AS/NZS 60079.0:2019
Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements
Specifies the general requirements for construction, testing and marking of Ex Equipment and Ex Components intended for use in explosive atmospheres. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it may be assumed that Ex Equipment can be operated are: (a) Temperature: –20 °C to +60 °C; (b) Pressure: 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar); and (c) Air with normal oxygen content: Typically 21% v/v. This part of AS/NZS IEC 60079 and other standards supplementing this standard specify additional test requirements for Ex Equipment operating outside the standard temperature range, but further additional consideration and additional testing may be required for Ex Equipment operating outside the standard atmospheric pressure range and standard oxygen content. Such additional testing may be particularly relevant with respect to types of protection that depend on quenching of a flame, such as ‘flameproof enclosures “d”’ (AS/NZS IEC 60079.1) or limitation of energy, ‘intrinsic safety “i”’ (AS/NZS IEC 60079.11). Adopted with national modifications and reproduced from IEC 60079-0:2017 (ED.7.0).
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AS/NZS IEC 60079.0:2019 Explosive atmospheres Equipment - General requirements
English
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Equipment grouping
4.1 General
4.2 Group I
4.3 Group II
4.4 Group III
4.5 Equipment for a particular explosive gas atmosphere
5 Temperatures
5.1 Environmental influences
5.1.1 Ambient temperature
5.1.2 External source of heating or cooling
5.2 Service temperature
5.3 Maximum surface temperature
5.3.1 Determination of maximum surface temperature
5.3.2 Limitation of maximum surface temperature
5.3.3 Small component temperature for Group I or Group II electrical equipment
5.3.4 Component temperature of smooth surfaces for Group I or Group II electrical equipment
6 Requirements for all equipment
6.1 General
6.2 Mechanical strength of equipment
6.3 Opening times
6.4 Circulating currents in enclosures (e.g. of large electric machines)
6.5 Gasket retention
6.6 Electromagnetic and ultrasonic energy radiating equipment
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Radio frequency sources
6.6.3 Ultrasonic sources
6.6.4 Lasers, luminaires, and other non-divergent continuous wave optical sources
7 Non-metallic enclosures and non-metallic parts of enclosures
7.1 General
7.1.1 Applicability
7.1.2 Specification of materials
7.2 Thermal endurance
7.2.1 Tests for thermal endurance
7.2.2 Material selection
7.2.3 Alternative qualification of elastomeric sealing O-rings
7.3 Resistance to ultraviolet light
7.4 Electrostatic charges on external non-metallic materials
7.4.1 Applicability
7.4.2 Avoidance of a build-up of electrostatic charge for Group I or Group II
7.4.3 Avoidance of a build-up of electrostatic charge for Group III
7.5 Attached external conductive parts
8 Metallic enclosures and metallic parts of enclosures
8.1 Material composition
8.2 Group I
8.3 Group II
8.4 Group III
8.5 Copper Alloys
9 Fasteners
9.1 General
9.2 Special fasteners
9.3 Holes for special fasteners
9.3.1 Thread engagement
9.3.2 Tolerance and clearance
9.4 Hexagon socket set screws
10 Interlocking devices
11 Bushings
12 (Reserved for future use)
13 Ex Components
13.1 General
13.2 Mounting
13.3 Internal mounting
13.4 External mounting
13.5 Ex Component certificate
14 Connection facilities
14.1 General
14.2 Type of protection
14.3 Creepage and clearance
15 Connection facilities for earthing or bonding conductors
15.1 Equipment requiring earthing or bonding
15.1.1 Internal earthing
15.1.2 External bonding
15.2 Equipment not requiring earthing
15.3 Size of protective earthing conductor connection
15.4 Size of equipotential bonding conductor connection
15.5 Protection against corrosion
15.6 Secureness of electrical connections
15.7 Internal earth continuity plate
16 Entries into enclosures
16.1 General
16.2 Identification of entries
16.3 Cable glands
16.4 Blanking elements
16.5 Thread adapters
16.6 Temperature at branching point and entry point
16.7 Electrostatic charges of cable sheaths
17 Supplementary requirements for electric machines
17.1 General
17.2 Ventilation
17.2.1 Ventilation openings
17.2.2 Materials for external fans
17.2.3 Cooling fans of rotating electric machines
17.2.4 Auxiliary motor cooling fans
17.2.5 Room ventilating fans
17.3 Bearings
18 Supplementary requirements for switchgear
18.1 Flammable dielectric
18.2 Disconnectors
18.3 Group I – Provisions for locking
18.4 Doors and covers
19 Reserved for future use
20 Supplementary requirements for external plugs, socket outlets and connectors for field wiring connection
20.1 General
20.2 Explosive gas atmospheres
20.3 Explosive dust atmospheres
20.4 Energized plugs
21 Supplementary requirements for luminaires
21.1 General
21.2 Covers for luminaires of EPL Mb, EPL Gb, or EPL Db
21.3 Covers for luminaires of EPL Gc or EPL Dc
21.4 Sodium lamps
22 Supplementary requirements for caplights and handlights
22.1 Group I caplights
22.2 Group II and Group III caplights and handlights
23 Equipment incorporating cells and batteries
23.1 General
23.2 Interconnection of cells to form batteries
23.3 Cell types
23.4 Cells in a battery
23.5 Ratings of batteries
23.6 Interchangeability
23.7 Charging of primary batteries
23.8 Leakage
23.9 Connections
23.10 Orientation
23.11 Replacement of cells or batteries
23.12 Replaceable battery pack
24 Documentation
25 Compliance of prototype or sample with documents
26 Type tests
26.1 General
26.2 Test configuration
26.3 Tests in explosive test mixtures
26.4 Tests of enclosures
26.4.1 Order of tests
26.4.2 Resistance to impact
26.4.3 Drop test
26.4.4 Acceptance criteria
26.4.5 Degree of protection (IP) by enclosures
26.5 Thermal tests
26.5.1 Temperature measurement
26.5.2 Thermal shock test
26.5.3 Small component ignition test (Group I and Group II)
26.6 Torque test for bushings
26.6.1 Test procedure
26.6.2 Acceptance criteria
26.7 Non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures
26.7.1 General
26.7.2 Test temperatures
26.8 Thermal endurance to heat
26.9 Thermal endurance to cold
26.10 Resistance to UV light
26.10.1 General
26.10.2 Light exposure
26.10.3 Acceptance criteria
26.11 Resistance to chemical agents for Group I equipment
26.12 Earth continuity
26.13 Surface resistance test of parts of enclosures of non-metallic materials
26.14 Measurement of capacitance
26.14.1 General
26.14.2 Test procedure
26.15 Verification of ratings of ventilating fans
26.16 Alternative qualification of elastomeric sealing O-rings
26.17 Transferred charge test
26.17.1 Test equipment
26.17.2 Test sample
26.17.3 Test procedure
27 Routine tests
28 Manufacturer's responsibility
28.1 Conformity with the documentation
28.2 Certificate
28.3 Responsibility for marking
29 Marking
29.1 Applicability
29.2 Location
29.3 General
29.4 Ex marking for explosive gas atmospheres
29.5 Ex marking for explosive dust atmospheres
29.6 Combined types (or levels) of protection
29.7 Multiple types of protection
29.8 Ga equipment using two independent Gb types (or levels) of protection
29.9 Boundary wall
29.10 Ex Components
29.11 Small Ex Equipment and small Ex Components
29.12 Extremely small Ex Equipment and extremely small Ex Components
29.13 Warning markings
29.14 Cells and batteries
29.15 Electric machines operated with a converter
29.16 Examples of marking
30 Instructions
30.1 General
30.2 Cells and batteries
30.3 Electric machines
30.4 Ventilating fans
30.5 Cable glands
Annexes
Annex A (normative) Supplementary requirements for cable glands
A.1 General
A.2 Constructional requirements
A.2.1 Cable sealing
A.2.2 Filling compounds
A.2.3 Clamping
A.2.4 Lead-in of cable
A.2.5 Release by a tool
A.2.6 Fixing
A.2.7 Degree of protection
A.3 Type tests
A.3.1 Tests of clamping of non-armoured and braided cables
A.3.2 Tests of clamping of armoured cables
A.3.3 Type test for resistance to impact
A.3.4 Test for degree of protection (IP) of cable glands
A.4 Marking
A.4.1 Marking of cable glands
A.4.2 Identification of cable-sealing rings
A.5 Instructions
Annex B (normative) Requirements for Ex Components
Annex C (informative) Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Annex D (informative) Electric machines connected to converters
Annex E (informative) Temperature evaluation of electric machines
Annex F (informative) Guidance flowchart for tests of non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures (26.4)
Annex G (informative) Guidance flowchart for tests of cable glands
Annex H (informative) Shaft voltages resulting in motor bearing or shaft brush sparking Discharge energy calculation
H.1 General
H.2 Assessment of the risk of ignition using ignition energy calculation
H.3 Shaft voltage determination for a rotating machine
H.4 Capacitance “C” calculation for a rotating machine
H.5 Energy “E” calculation for a rotating machine
H.6 Assessment using reference curves
Bibliography
Figures
Figure 1 – Typical battery examples
Figure 2 – Typical battery compartment
Figure 3 – Typical replaceable battery pack
Figure 4 – Tolerances and clearance for threaded fasteners
Figure 5 – Contact surface under head of fastener with a reduced shank
Figure 6 – Cable gland
Figure 7 – Conduit entry
Figure 8 – Assembly of test sample for earth-continuity test
Figure 9 – Test piece with painted electrodes
Figure 10 – Compression set of an O-ring
Figure A.1 – Illustration of the terms used for cable glands
Figure A.2 – Rounded edge of the point of entry of the flexible cable
Figure A.3 – Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Figure C.1 – Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Figure F.1 – Non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures
Figure H.1 – Capacitance stored in bearing clearance of sleeve bearing Between journal and outer bearing housing
Figure H.2 – Air-gap between stator and rotor
Figure H.3 – Typical surfaces that form capacitorsfrom the motor shaft to ground
Figure H.4 – Capacitive ignition curves
Tables
Table 1 – Ambient temperatures in service and additional marking
Table 2 – Classification of maximum surface temperatures for Group II electrical equipment
Table 3 – Assessment of temperature classification according to component size
Table 4 – Assessment of temperature classification Component surface area ≥ 20 mm2
Table 5 – Threshold power
Table 6 – Threshold energy
Table 7 – Limitation of surface areas
Table 8 – Maximum diameter or width
Table 9 – Limitation of thickness of non-metallic layer
Table 10 – Maximum acceptable transferred charge
Table 11 – Maximum capacitance of unearthed conductive parts
Table 12 – Minimum cross-sectional area of PE conductors
Table 13 – Primary cells
Table 14 – Secondary cells
Table 15 – Tests for resistance to impact
Table 16 – Torque to be applied to the stem of bushing used for connection facilities
Table 17 – Thermal endurance test
Table 18 – Text of warning markings
Table 19 – Example of type-test converter parameters
Table B.1 – Applicability of clauses to Ex Components
Table H.1 – Maximum permitted energy
Amendments
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AS/NZS IEC 60079.0:2019 Explosive atmospheres Equipment - General requirements
English
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Equipment grouping
4.1 General
4.2 Group I
4.3 Group II
4.4 Group III
4.5 Equipment for a particular explosive gas atmosphere
5 Temperatures
5.1 Environmental influences
5.1.1 Ambient temperature
5.1.2 External source of heating or cooling
5.2 Service temperature
5.3 Maximum surface temperature
5.3.1 Determination of maximum surface temperature
5.3.2 Limitation of maximum surface temperature
5.3.3 Small component temperature for Group I or Group II electrical equipment
5.3.4 Component temperature of smooth surfaces for Group I or Group II electrical equipment
6 Requirements for all equipment
6.1 General
6.2 Mechanical strength of equipment
6.3 Opening times
6.4 Circulating currents in enclosures (e.g. of large electric machines)
6.5 Gasket retention
6.6 Electromagnetic and ultrasonic energy radiating equipment
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Radio frequency sources
6.6.3 Ultrasonic sources
6.6.4 Lasers, luminaires, and other non-divergent continuous wave optical sources
7 Non-metallic enclosures and non-metallic parts of enclosures
7.1 General
7.1.1 Applicability
7.1.2 Specification of materials
7.2 Thermal endurance
7.2.1 Tests for thermal endurance
7.2.2 Material selection
7.2.3 Alternative qualification of elastomeric sealing O-rings
7.3 Resistance to ultraviolet light
7.4 Electrostatic charges on external non-metallic materials
7.4.1 Applicability
7.4.2 Avoidance of a build-up of electrostatic charge for Group I or Group II
7.4.3 Avoidance of a build-up of electrostatic charge for Group III
7.5 Attached external conductive parts
8 Metallic enclosures and metallic parts of enclosures
8.1 Material composition
8.2 Group I
8.3 Group II
8.4 Group III
8.5 Copper Alloys
9 Fasteners
9.1 General
9.2 Special fasteners
9.3 Holes for special fasteners
9.3.1 Thread engagement
9.3.2 Tolerance and clearance
9.4 Hexagon socket set screws
10 Interlocking devices
11 Bushings
12 (Reserved for future use)
13 Ex Components
13.1 General
13.2 Mounting
13.3 Internal mounting
13.4 External mounting
13.5 Ex Component certificate
14 Connection facilities
14.1 General
14.2 Type of protection
14.3 Creepage and clearance
15 Connection facilities for earthing or bonding conductors
15.1 Equipment requiring earthing or bonding
15.1.1 Internal earthing
15.1.2 External bonding
15.2 Equipment not requiring earthing
15.3 Size of protective earthing conductor connection
15.4 Size of equipotential bonding conductor connection
15.5 Protection against corrosion
15.6 Secureness of electrical connections
15.7 Internal earth continuity plate
16 Entries into enclosures
16.1 General
16.2 Identification of entries
16.3 Cable glands
16.4 Blanking elements
16.5 Thread adapters
16.6 Temperature at branching point and entry point
16.7 Electrostatic charges of cable sheaths
17 Supplementary requirements for electric machines
17.1 General
17.2 Ventilation
17.2.1 Ventilation openings
17.2.2 Materials for external fans
17.2.3 Cooling fans of rotating electric machines
17.2.4 Auxiliary motor cooling fans
17.2.5 Room ventilating fans
17.3 Bearings
18 Supplementary requirements for switchgear
18.1 Flammable dielectric
18.2 Disconnectors
18.3 Group I – Provisions for locking
18.4 Doors and covers
19 Reserved for future use
20 Supplementary requirements for external plugs, socket outlets and connectors for field wiring connection
20.1 General
20.2 Explosive gas atmospheres
20.3 Explosive dust atmospheres
20.4 Energized plugs
21 Supplementary requirements for luminaires
21.1 General
21.2 Covers for luminaires of EPL Mb, EPL Gb, or EPL Db
21.3 Covers for luminaires of EPL Gc or EPL Dc
21.4 Sodium lamps
22 Supplementary requirements for caplights and handlights
22.1 Group I caplights
22.2 Group II and Group III caplights and handlights
23 Equipment incorporating cells and batteries
23.1 General
23.2 Interconnection of cells to form batteries
23.3 Cell types
23.4 Cells in a battery
23.5 Ratings of batteries
23.6 Interchangeability
23.7 Charging of primary batteries
23.8 Leakage
23.9 Connections
23.10 Orientation
23.11 Replacement of cells or batteries
23.12 Replaceable battery pack
24 Documentation
25 Compliance of prototype or sample with documents
26 Type tests
26.1 General
26.2 Test configuration
26.3 Tests in explosive test mixtures
26.4 Tests of enclosures
26.4.1 Order of tests
26.4.2 Resistance to impact
26.4.3 Drop test
26.4.4 Acceptance criteria
26.4.5 Degree of protection (IP) by enclosures
26.5 Thermal tests
26.5.1 Temperature measurement
26.5.2 Thermal shock test
26.5.3 Small component ignition test (Group I and Group II)
26.6 Torque test for bushings
26.6.1 Test procedure
26.6.2 Acceptance criteria
26.7 Non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures
26.7.1 General
26.7.2 Test temperatures
26.8 Thermal endurance to heat
26.9 Thermal endurance to cold
26.10 Resistance to UV light
26.10.1 General
26.10.2 Light exposure
26.10.3 Acceptance criteria
26.11 Resistance to chemical agents for Group I equipment
26.12 Earth continuity
26.13 Surface resistance test of parts of enclosures of non-metallic materials
26.14 Measurement of capacitance
26.14.1 General
26.14.2 Test procedure
26.15 Verification of ratings of ventilating fans
26.16 Alternative qualification of elastomeric sealing O-rings
26.17 Transferred charge test
26.17.1 Test equipment
26.17.2 Test sample
26.17.3 Test procedure
27 Routine tests
28 Manufacturer's responsibility
28.1 Conformity with the documentation
28.2 Certificate
28.3 Responsibility for marking
29 Marking
29.1 Applicability
29.2 Location
29.3 General
29.4 Ex marking for explosive gas atmospheres
29.5 Ex marking for explosive dust atmospheres
29.6 Combined types (or levels) of protection
29.7 Multiple types of protection
29.8 Ga equipment using two independent Gb types (or levels) of protection
29.9 Boundary wall
29.10 Ex Components
29.11 Small Ex Equipment and small Ex Components
29.12 Extremely small Ex Equipment and extremely small Ex Components
29.13 Warning markings
29.14 Cells and batteries
29.15 Electric machines operated with a converter
29.16 Examples of marking
30 Instructions
30.1 General
30.2 Cells and batteries
30.3 Electric machines
30.4 Ventilating fans
30.5 Cable glands
Annexes
Annex A (normative) Supplementary requirements for cable glands
A.1 General
A.2 Constructional requirements
A.2.1 Cable sealing
A.2.2 Filling compounds
A.2.3 Clamping
A.2.4 Lead-in of cable
A.2.5 Release by a tool
A.2.6 Fixing
A.2.7 Degree of protection
A.3 Type tests
A.3.1 Tests of clamping of non-armoured and braided cables
A.3.2 Tests of clamping of armoured cables
A.3.3 Type test for resistance to impact
A.3.4 Test for degree of protection (IP) of cable glands
A.4 Marking
A.4.1 Marking of cable glands
A.4.2 Identification of cable-sealing rings
A.5 Instructions
Annex B (normative) Requirements for Ex Components
Annex C (informative) Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Annex D (informative) Electric machines connected to converters
Annex E (informative) Temperature evaluation of electric machines
Annex F (informative) Guidance flowchart for tests of non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures (26.4)
Annex G (informative) Guidance flowchart for tests of cable glands
Annex H (informative) Shaft voltages resulting in motor bearing or shaft brush sparking Discharge energy calculation
H.1 General
H.2 Assessment of the risk of ignition using ignition energy calculation
H.3 Shaft voltage determination for a rotating machine
H.4 Capacitance “C” calculation for a rotating machine
H.5 Energy “E” calculation for a rotating machine
H.6 Assessment using reference curves
Bibliography
Figures
Figure 1 – Typical battery examples
Figure 2 – Typical battery compartment
Figure 3 – Typical replaceable battery pack
Figure 4 – Tolerances and clearance for threaded fasteners
Figure 5 – Contact surface under head of fastener with a reduced shank
Figure 6 – Cable gland
Figure 7 – Conduit entry
Figure 8 – Assembly of test sample for earth-continuity test
Figure 9 – Test piece with painted electrodes
Figure 10 – Compression set of an O-ring
Figure A.1 – Illustration of the terms used for cable glands
Figure A.2 – Rounded edge of the point of entry of the flexible cable
Figure A.3 – Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Figure C.1 – Example of rig for resistance to impact test
Figure F.1 – Non-metallic enclosures or non-metallic parts of enclosures
Figure H.1 – Capacitance stored in bearing clearance of sleeve bearing Between journal and outer bearing housing
Figure H.2 – Air-gap between stator and rotor
Figure H.3 – Typical surfaces that form capacitorsfrom the motor shaft to ground
Figure H.4 – Capacitive ignition curves
Tables
Table 1 – Ambient temperatures in service and additional marking
Table 2 – Classification of maximum surface temperatures for Group II electrical equipment
Table 3 – Assessment of temperature classification according to component size
Table 4 – Assessment of temperature classification Component surface area ≥ 20 mm2
Table 5 – Threshold power
Table 6 – Threshold energy
Table 7 – Limitation of surface areas
Table 8 – Maximum diameter or width
Table 9 – Limitation of thickness of non-metallic layer
Table 10 – Maximum acceptable transferred charge
Table 11 – Maximum capacitance of unearthed conductive parts
Table 12 – Minimum cross-sectional area of PE conductors
Table 13 – Primary cells
Table 14 – Secondary cells
Table 15 – Tests for resistance to impact
Table 16 – Torque to be applied to the stem of bushing used for connection facilities
Table 17 – Thermal endurance test
Table 18 – Text of warning markings
Table 19 – Example of type-test converter parameters
Table B.1 – Applicability of clauses to Ex Components
Table H.1 – Maximum permitted energy
Amendments
AS/NZS 60079.0:2019
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.