AS/NZS 4280.2:2023
Global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS), Part 2: 406 MHz Satellite Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs)
Standard adopts and modifies RTCM Standard 11010.4, which provides manufacturers, suppliers, and testing facilities of 406 MHz personal locator beacons (PLBs) with the minimum radiofrequency and environmental requirements and associated test methods to enable design and confirmation of compliance with Australian and New Zealand radiofrequency spectrum and maritime and aviation regulatory requirements.
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AS/NZS 4280.2:2023 Global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) 406 MHz Satellite Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs)
Preface
National Foreword
Table of Contents
1 Scope
1.1 Personal Locator Beacons
1.2 System overview
1.3 Purpose and intended use
1.4 Precedence
1.5 Types of PLB
1.5.1 Generations
1.5.2 Categories
1.5.3 Classes
1.5.4 Groups
1.5.5 GNSS Navigation Devices
1.5.6 Combinations of PLB Generations, Categories, Classes and Groups
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Design characteristics
4.1 Summary of technical characteristics
4.2 Electrical performance details
4.2.1 406 MHz Signal
4.2.2 406 MHz emission limitations
4.2.2.1 FGB PLBs
4.2.2.2 SGB PLBs
4.2.3 121.5 MHz Signal
4.2.4 121.5 MHz emission limitations
4.2.5 AIS Signal
4.2.6 406 MHz PLB Transmissions
4.2.7 Homing Signals
4.2.7.1 Group 1 – 121.5 MHz homing signal
4.2.7.2 Group 2 – Reserved for future use
4.2.7.3 Group 3 – Combined 121.5 MHz and AIS transmissions
4.2.8 Beacon Self-Test
4.2.8.1 Regular Self-Test
4.2.8.2 GNSS Self-Test
4.2.9 Encoded Position Data
4.2.9.1 Internal navigation device performance
4.2.9.1.1 External navigation device input
4.2.10 Return Link Service (RLS)
4.3 Operational requirements
4.3.1 Controls and indicators
4.3.2 Category 1 PLB Operation
4.3.3 Category 2 PLB Operation
4.3.4 Cancellation Control (only applicable to SGB PLBs)
4.3.5 Regular Self-test and GNSS Self-test function
4.3.5.1 Self-test with PLB dry
4.3.5.2 Self-test with PLB wet
4.3.5.3 Self-test indication of insufficient battery energy
4.3.6 Battery
4.3.7 PLB Operating Lifetime
4.3.8 Buoyancy
4.3.9 Inadvertent Activation at altitude
4.4 General construction and Safety Requirements
4.4.1 Exterior Finish
4.5 Labeling and Marking
4.5.1 Battery Labeling
4.5.2 PLB Labeling and Marking
4.5.2.1 Labeling on the PLB
4.5.2.2 Attached labeling
4.5.2.3 For Category 2 PLBs
4.6 Documentation
4.7 Packaging Labeling
4.8 406 MHz and AIS registration details
Annex A (normative) Environmental and Operational Performance Test Procedures for Approval of 406 MHz PLBs
A.1 GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS
A.1.1 COSPAS-SARSAT Type Approval
A.1.2 Power Supply
A.1.3 Warm-up Period
A.1.4 Instructions
A.1.5 Additional Facilities / Supplemental Devices
A.1.6 Audible and Visual Indications
A.1.7 Preparation of PLB for type-approval testing
A.1.8 Measurements and Observations
A.1.9 Test Conditions
A.1.9.1 Normal test conditions
A.1.9.2 Extreme temperature test conditions
A.1.10 Equipment Category and Group Test Requirements
A.1.11 Performance Check
A.1.12 Performance Test
A.1.13 Pre-conditioning and Post Examination for Environmental Tests
A.2 SEQUENCE OF TESTS
A.3 DRY HEAT TESTS
A.4 DAMP HEAT TEST
A.5 LOW TEMPERATURE TESTS
A.6 VIBRATION TESTS
A.7 BUMP TEST
A.8 CORROSION TEST
A.9 DROP TEST
A.10 THERMAL SHOCK
A.11 IMMERSION TEST
A.12 SPURIOUS EMISSIONS TEST
A.12.1 Close in Emissions
A.12.2 Aeronautical, Maritime and Satellite Band Emissions
A.13 OPERATIONAL LIFE AND SELF-TESTS
A.13.1 Operational Life Test
A.13.1.1 Method 1
A.13.1.2 Method 2
A.13.2 Self-test
A.13.3 Manufacturer Performed Self-test Tests
A.14 COSPAS-SARSAT TYPE APPROVAL TEST PROCEDURE
A.15 BUOYANCY TEST (Category 1 PLBs only)
A.15.1 Buoyancy Test
A.15.2 Floating Upright Test
A.16 HOMING SIGNAL TESTS
A.16.1 121.5 MHz Carrier Frequency Test
A.16.2 121.5 MHz Modulation Characteristics
A.16.3 121.5 MHz Peak Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
A.16.3.1 Radiated Power Test Conditions
A.16.3.2 Method of Measurement
A.16.4 121.5 MHz Off Ground Plane Radiated Power Test
A.16.4.1 Off Ground Plane Radiated Power Test Conditions
A.16.4.2 Off Ground Plane Method of Measurement
A.16.5 AIS Locating Signal Tests
A.17 SOLAR RADIATION TEST
A.18 OIL RESISTANCE TEST
A.19 COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE TEST
A.20 MISCELLANEOUS TESTS
A.20.1 Controls and Indicators
A.20.2 Self-test and GNSS Self-test Function
A.20.3 Battery
A.20.4 General Construction and Safety Requirements
A.20.5 Exterior Finish
A.20.6 Labeling
A.20.7 Documentation
A.20.8 Altitude
A.21 INTERNAL NAVIGATION DEVICE TESTS
Annex B (informative) Informative References
Annex C (informative) Reference Sources
Annex D (normative) AIS Locating Signal Specification
D.1 Introduction
D.2 Performance characteristics
D.2.1 Interoperability
D.2.2 Operational functions
D.2.3 PLB identifier (user ID)
D.2.4 AIS and other PLB transmissions
D.2.5 Output power
D.2.6 Transmission performance
D.2.6.1 Active mode
D.2.6.2 GNSS Self-Test mode
D.2.7 Position source and data
D.3 Transmitter requirements and characteristics
D.3.1 Channel
D.3.2 Parameter settings
D.3.3 Transmitter shutdown
D.3.4 Transmitter characteristics
D.3.5 Link layer requirements
D.3.5.1 General
D.3.5.2 AIS messages
D.3.5.2.1 Message 1 format and content
D.3.5.2.2 Message 14 format and content
D.3.5.3 Synchronization
D.3.5.3.1 Synchronization method
D.3.5.3.2 Synchronization accuracy
D.3.5.4 VDL access scheme
D.3.5.5 Link sub-layer 1: Medium Access Control (MAC)
D.3.5.6 Link sub-layer 2: Data Link Service (DLS)
D.3.5.7 Link sub-layer 3: Link Management Entity (LME)
D.4 Performance tests
D.4.1 Introduction
D.4.2 Performance requirements
D.4.2.1 Performance check
D.4.2.2 Performance test
D.4.3 Preparation of the AU for testing
D.4.4 Test signals
D.4.4.1 Standard test signal number 1
D.4.4.2 Standard test signal number 2
D.4.4.3 Standard test signal number 3
D.4.5 Artificial antenna (dummy load)
D.4.6 Modes of operation of the transmitter
D.5 Physical radio tests
D.5.1 General description
D.5.2 Frequency error
D.5.2.1 Purpose
D.5.2.2 Method of measurement
D.5.2.3 Required results
D.5.3 Conducted power
D.5.3.1 Purpose
D.5.3.2 Method of measurement
D.5.3.3 Required result
D.5.4 Radiated power
D.5.4.1 Purpose
D.5.4.2 Method of measurement
D.5.4.3 Required results
D.5.5 Modulation spectrum slotted transmission
D.5.5.1 Purpose
D.5.5.2 Method of measurement
D.5.5.3 Required results
D.5.6 Transmitter test sequence and modulation accuracy
D.5.6.1 Purpose
D.5.6.2 Method of measurement
D.5.6.3 Required results
D.5.7 Transmitter output power versus time function
D.5.7.1 Definition
D.5.7.2 Method of measurement
D.5.7.3 Required results
D.5.8 Spurious emissions from the transmitter
D.5.8.1 Purpose
D.5.8.1.1 Method of measurement
D.5.8.2 Required results
D.6 Link layer tests
D.6.1 Tests for synchronization accuracy
D.6.1.1 Method of measurement
D.6.1.2 Required results
D.6.2 Active mode tests
D.6.2.1 Method of measurement
D.6.2.2 Initialization period – required results
D.6.2.3 Message content of Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.4 Message content of Message 14 – required results
D.6.2.5 Transmission schedule for Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.6 Communication state of Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.7 Transmission schedule of Message 14 – required results
D.6.2.8 Transmission with lost GNSS – required results
D.6.3 GNSS Self-Test mode tests
D.6.3.1 General
D.6.3.2 Transmission with GNSS data available
D.6.3.2.1 Method of measurement
D.6.3.2.2 Required results
D.6.3.3 Transmission without GNSS data available
D.6.3.3.1 Method of measurement
D.6.3.3.2 Required results
Annex E (informative) Form for Use in Reporting Summary of Test Results
Annex F (normative) USA 406 MHz PLB Coding
F.1 First Generation Beacons
F.1.1 Summary
F.1.2 Country Code
F.1.3 Prohibited protocols
F.1.4 User protocols
F.1.5 Location protocols
F.1.5.1 National Location Protocols
F.1.5.2 Standard Location Protocols
F.1.5.3 RLS Location Protocol
F.1.6 Previously approved user protocols (Informative)
F.1.6.1 Serialized User Protocol national use fields
F.2 Second Generation Beacons
F.2.1 Summary
F.2.2 TAC and Serial Number
F.2.3 Country code
F.2.4 Vessel IDs
F.2.5 National Use Fields
F.2.6 PLBs with RLS Capability
Annex G (normative) Internal Navigation Device Test Methods and Test Procedures
G.1 INTRODUCTION
G.2 TESTS
G.3 OPERATIONAL SCENARIO TEST DESCRIPTION
G.3.1 General
G.3.2 Land Scenarios
G.3.3 Maritime Scenario
G.3.4 Scenarios
G.4 TEST FACILITY REQUIREMENTS, TEST SET UP AND CALIBRATION
G.4.1 Test Facility Requirements
G.4.2 Test Set Up
G.4.3 Calibration of the Test Set Up
G.5 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
G.6 REQUIRED RESULTS
G.7 TEST RESULTS
G.7.1 Test Results Sheets
G.7.2 Results Analysis Tables
G.8 Scenario definitions
G.8.1 Land Scenarios
G.8.1.1 Introduction
G.8.1.2 Parameters
G.8.2 Maritime Scenarios
G.8.2.1 Introduction
G.8.2.2 Pitch/Roll Sequence in Maritime Scenarios
G.8.2.3 Parameters
G.8.3 GPS Land Scenario Tables (Use this data to generate equivalent scenarios for other GNSS constellations)
G.8.4 GPS Maritime Scenario Tables (Use this data to generate equivalent scenarios for other GNSS constellations)
Annex H (informative) Symbols
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AS/NZS 4280.2:2023 Global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) 406 MHz Satellite Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs)
Preface
National Foreword
Table of Contents
1 Scope
1.1 Personal Locator Beacons
1.2 System overview
1.3 Purpose and intended use
1.4 Precedence
1.5 Types of PLB
1.5.1 Generations
1.5.2 Categories
1.5.3 Classes
1.5.4 Groups
1.5.5 GNSS Navigation Devices
1.5.6 Combinations of PLB Generations, Categories, Classes and Groups
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Design characteristics
4.1 Summary of technical characteristics
4.2 Electrical performance details
4.2.1 406 MHz Signal
4.2.2 406 MHz emission limitations
4.2.2.1 FGB PLBs
4.2.2.2 SGB PLBs
4.2.3 121.5 MHz Signal
4.2.4 121.5 MHz emission limitations
4.2.5 AIS Signal
4.2.6 406 MHz PLB Transmissions
4.2.7 Homing Signals
4.2.7.1 Group 1 – 121.5 MHz homing signal
4.2.7.2 Group 2 – Reserved for future use
4.2.7.3 Group 3 – Combined 121.5 MHz and AIS transmissions
4.2.8 Beacon Self-Test
4.2.8.1 Regular Self-Test
4.2.8.2 GNSS Self-Test
4.2.9 Encoded Position Data
4.2.9.1 Internal navigation device performance
4.2.9.1.1 External navigation device input
4.2.10 Return Link Service (RLS)
4.3 Operational requirements
4.3.1 Controls and indicators
4.3.2 Category 1 PLB Operation
4.3.3 Category 2 PLB Operation
4.3.4 Cancellation Control (only applicable to SGB PLBs)
4.3.5 Regular Self-test and GNSS Self-test function
4.3.5.1 Self-test with PLB dry
4.3.5.2 Self-test with PLB wet
4.3.5.3 Self-test indication of insufficient battery energy
4.3.6 Battery
4.3.7 PLB Operating Lifetime
4.3.8 Buoyancy
4.3.9 Inadvertent Activation at altitude
4.4 General construction and Safety Requirements
4.4.1 Exterior Finish
4.5 Labeling and Marking
4.5.1 Battery Labeling
4.5.2 PLB Labeling and Marking
4.5.2.1 Labeling on the PLB
4.5.2.2 Attached labeling
4.5.2.3 For Category 2 PLBs
4.6 Documentation
4.7 Packaging Labeling
4.8 406 MHz and AIS registration details
Annex A (normative) Environmental and Operational Performance Test Procedures for Approval of 406 MHz PLBs
A.1 GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS
A.1.1 COSPAS-SARSAT Type Approval
A.1.2 Power Supply
A.1.3 Warm-up Period
A.1.4 Instructions
A.1.5 Additional Facilities / Supplemental Devices
A.1.6 Audible and Visual Indications
A.1.7 Preparation of PLB for type-approval testing
A.1.8 Measurements and Observations
A.1.9 Test Conditions
A.1.9.1 Normal test conditions
A.1.9.2 Extreme temperature test conditions
A.1.10 Equipment Category and Group Test Requirements
A.1.11 Performance Check
A.1.12 Performance Test
A.1.13 Pre-conditioning and Post Examination for Environmental Tests
A.2 SEQUENCE OF TESTS
A.3 DRY HEAT TESTS
A.4 DAMP HEAT TEST
A.5 LOW TEMPERATURE TESTS
A.6 VIBRATION TESTS
A.7 BUMP TEST
A.8 CORROSION TEST
A.9 DROP TEST
A.10 THERMAL SHOCK
A.11 IMMERSION TEST
A.12 SPURIOUS EMISSIONS TEST
A.12.1 Close in Emissions
A.12.2 Aeronautical, Maritime and Satellite Band Emissions
A.13 OPERATIONAL LIFE AND SELF-TESTS
A.13.1 Operational Life Test
A.13.1.1 Method 1
A.13.1.2 Method 2
A.13.2 Self-test
A.13.3 Manufacturer Performed Self-test Tests
A.14 COSPAS-SARSAT TYPE APPROVAL TEST PROCEDURE
A.15 BUOYANCY TEST (Category 1 PLBs only)
A.15.1 Buoyancy Test
A.15.2 Floating Upright Test
A.16 HOMING SIGNAL TESTS
A.16.1 121.5 MHz Carrier Frequency Test
A.16.2 121.5 MHz Modulation Characteristics
A.16.3 121.5 MHz Peak Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
A.16.3.1 Radiated Power Test Conditions
A.16.3.2 Method of Measurement
A.16.4 121.5 MHz Off Ground Plane Radiated Power Test
A.16.4.1 Off Ground Plane Radiated Power Test Conditions
A.16.4.2 Off Ground Plane Method of Measurement
A.16.5 AIS Locating Signal Tests
A.17 SOLAR RADIATION TEST
A.18 OIL RESISTANCE TEST
A.19 COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE TEST
A.20 MISCELLANEOUS TESTS
A.20.1 Controls and Indicators
A.20.2 Self-test and GNSS Self-test Function
A.20.3 Battery
A.20.4 General Construction and Safety Requirements
A.20.5 Exterior Finish
A.20.6 Labeling
A.20.7 Documentation
A.20.8 Altitude
A.21 INTERNAL NAVIGATION DEVICE TESTS
Annex B (informative) Informative References
Annex C (informative) Reference Sources
Annex D (normative) AIS Locating Signal Specification
D.1 Introduction
D.2 Performance characteristics
D.2.1 Interoperability
D.2.2 Operational functions
D.2.3 PLB identifier (user ID)
D.2.4 AIS and other PLB transmissions
D.2.5 Output power
D.2.6 Transmission performance
D.2.6.1 Active mode
D.2.6.2 GNSS Self-Test mode
D.2.7 Position source and data
D.3 Transmitter requirements and characteristics
D.3.1 Channel
D.3.2 Parameter settings
D.3.3 Transmitter shutdown
D.3.4 Transmitter characteristics
D.3.5 Link layer requirements
D.3.5.1 General
D.3.5.2 AIS messages
D.3.5.2.1 Message 1 format and content
D.3.5.2.2 Message 14 format and content
D.3.5.3 Synchronization
D.3.5.3.1 Synchronization method
D.3.5.3.2 Synchronization accuracy
D.3.5.4 VDL access scheme
D.3.5.5 Link sub-layer 1: Medium Access Control (MAC)
D.3.5.6 Link sub-layer 2: Data Link Service (DLS)
D.3.5.7 Link sub-layer 3: Link Management Entity (LME)
D.4 Performance tests
D.4.1 Introduction
D.4.2 Performance requirements
D.4.2.1 Performance check
D.4.2.2 Performance test
D.4.3 Preparation of the AU for testing
D.4.4 Test signals
D.4.4.1 Standard test signal number 1
D.4.4.2 Standard test signal number 2
D.4.4.3 Standard test signal number 3
D.4.5 Artificial antenna (dummy load)
D.4.6 Modes of operation of the transmitter
D.5 Physical radio tests
D.5.1 General description
D.5.2 Frequency error
D.5.2.1 Purpose
D.5.2.2 Method of measurement
D.5.2.3 Required results
D.5.3 Conducted power
D.5.3.1 Purpose
D.5.3.2 Method of measurement
D.5.3.3 Required result
D.5.4 Radiated power
D.5.4.1 Purpose
D.5.4.2 Method of measurement
D.5.4.3 Required results
D.5.5 Modulation spectrum slotted transmission
D.5.5.1 Purpose
D.5.5.2 Method of measurement
D.5.5.3 Required results
D.5.6 Transmitter test sequence and modulation accuracy
D.5.6.1 Purpose
D.5.6.2 Method of measurement
D.5.6.3 Required results
D.5.7 Transmitter output power versus time function
D.5.7.1 Definition
D.5.7.2 Method of measurement
D.5.7.3 Required results
D.5.8 Spurious emissions from the transmitter
D.5.8.1 Purpose
D.5.8.1.1 Method of measurement
D.5.8.2 Required results
D.6 Link layer tests
D.6.1 Tests for synchronization accuracy
D.6.1.1 Method of measurement
D.6.1.2 Required results
D.6.2 Active mode tests
D.6.2.1 Method of measurement
D.6.2.2 Initialization period – required results
D.6.2.3 Message content of Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.4 Message content of Message 14 – required results
D.6.2.5 Transmission schedule for Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.6 Communication state of Message 1 – required results
D.6.2.7 Transmission schedule of Message 14 – required results
D.6.2.8 Transmission with lost GNSS – required results
D.6.3 GNSS Self-Test mode tests
D.6.3.1 General
D.6.3.2 Transmission with GNSS data available
D.6.3.2.1 Method of measurement
D.6.3.2.2 Required results
D.6.3.3 Transmission without GNSS data available
D.6.3.3.1 Method of measurement
D.6.3.3.2 Required results
Annex E (informative) Form for Use in Reporting Summary of Test Results
Annex F (normative) USA 406 MHz PLB Coding
F.1 First Generation Beacons
F.1.1 Summary
F.1.2 Country Code
F.1.3 Prohibited protocols
F.1.4 User protocols
F.1.5 Location protocols
F.1.5.1 National Location Protocols
F.1.5.2 Standard Location Protocols
F.1.5.3 RLS Location Protocol
F.1.6 Previously approved user protocols (Informative)
F.1.6.1 Serialized User Protocol national use fields
F.2 Second Generation Beacons
F.2.1 Summary
F.2.2 TAC and Serial Number
F.2.3 Country code
F.2.4 Vessel IDs
F.2.5 National Use Fields
F.2.6 PLBs with RLS Capability
Annex G (normative) Internal Navigation Device Test Methods and Test Procedures
G.1 INTRODUCTION
G.2 TESTS
G.3 OPERATIONAL SCENARIO TEST DESCRIPTION
G.3.1 General
G.3.2 Land Scenarios
G.3.3 Maritime Scenario
G.3.4 Scenarios
G.4 TEST FACILITY REQUIREMENTS, TEST SET UP AND CALIBRATION
G.4.1 Test Facility Requirements
G.4.2 Test Set Up
G.4.3 Calibration of the Test Set Up
G.5 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
G.6 REQUIRED RESULTS
G.7 TEST RESULTS
G.7.1 Test Results Sheets
G.7.2 Results Analysis Tables
G.8 Scenario definitions
G.8.1 Land Scenarios
G.8.1.1 Introduction
G.8.1.2 Parameters
G.8.2 Maritime Scenarios
G.8.2.1 Introduction
G.8.2.2 Pitch/Roll Sequence in Maritime Scenarios
G.8.2.3 Parameters
G.8.3 GPS Land Scenario Tables (Use this data to generate equivalent scenarios for other GNSS constellations)
G.8.4 GPS Maritime Scenario Tables (Use this data to generate equivalent scenarios for other GNSS constellations)
Annex H (informative) Symbols
Previous versions
AS/NZS 4280.2:2023
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The cost of your subscription will depend on which standards you want to access, and how many people in your organisation need to be able to access the Online Library subscription at the same time (concurrent users). During your subscription period, we are also able to make any necessary changes and ensure you are aware of any pricing changes that result. For a quote, contact our Online Library team by emailing onlinelibrary@standards.govt.nz.