AS/NZS 2924.2:1998
High pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from thermosetting resins - Determination of properties
Specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high pressure decorative laminated sheets. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in AS/NZS 2924.1:1998. This Standard is identical with and has been reproduced from ISO 4586-2:1997.
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AS/NZS 2924.2:1998 HIGH-PRESSURE DECORATIVE LAMINATES-SHEETS MADE FROM THERMOSETTING RESINS - DETERMINATION OF PROPERTIES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definition
4 Thickness
4.1 Principle
4.2 Apparatus
4.2.1 Thickness gauge
4.3 Test specimen
4.4 Procedure
4.5 Test report
5 Appearance
5.1 Surface defects
5.1.1 Principle
5.1.2 Apparatus
5.1.3 Test specimen
5.1.4 Procedure
5.1.5 Test report
5.2 Flatness
5.2.1 Apparatus
5.2.2 Test specimen
5.2.3 Procedure
5.2.4 Test report
6 Resistance to surface wear
6.1 Principle
6.2 Materials
6.2.1 Calibration plates of rolled zinc sheet
6.2.2 Abrasive paper strips
6.2.3 Double-sided adhesive tape
6.3 Apparatus
6.3.1 Test machine
6.3.2 Conditioning chamber
6.4 Test specimens
6.5 Preparation of specimens and abrasive paper
6.6 Procedure
6.6.1 Preparation of abrasive wheels
6.6.2 Calibration of abrasive paper
6.6.3 Abrasion of specimen
6.7 Expression of results
6.8 Test report
7 Resistance to immersion in boiling water
7.1 Principle
7.2 Apparatus
7.2.1 Balance
7.2.2 Oven
7.2.3 Vessel
7.2.4 Vessel
7.2.5 Desiccator
7.2.6 Micrometer thickness gauge
7.2.7 Suitable heating apparatus
7.2.8 Specimen holder
7.3 Test specimens
7.4 Procedure
7.5 Expression of results
7.6 Test report
8 Resistance to dry heat
8.1 Principle
8.2 Materials
8.2.1 Glycerol tristearate
8.2.2 Fine-faced wood chipboard
8.2.3 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
8.3 Apparatus
8.3.1 Cast cylindrical aluminium or aluminium alloy vessel
8.3.2 Heat source
8.3.3 Suitable inorganic heat-insulating board
8.3.4 Thermometer
8.3.5 Fixed frame
8.3.6 Stirrer
8.4 Test specimen
8.5 Procedure
8.6 Test report
9 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature
9.1 Principle
9.2 Apparatus
9.2.1 Oven
9.2.2 Conditioning chamber
9.2.3 Conditioning chamber
9.2.4 Means for measuring lengths
9.2.5 Desiccator
9.3 Test specimens
9.4 Procedure
9.4.1 Dry-heat test
9.4.2 High-humidity test
9.5 Expression of results
9.6 Test report
10 Dimensional stability at 20 °C
10.1 Principle
10.2 Apparatus
10.2.1 Conditioning chambers
10.2.2 Means for measuring lengths
10.3 Test specimens
10.4 Procedure
10.5 Expression of results
10.6 Test report
11 Resistance to impact by small-diameter ball
11.1 Principle
11.2 Materials
11.2.1 High-quality fine-faced wood chipboard
11.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
11.2.3 Solution of dye in alcohol, graphite or talcum
11.3 Apparatus
11.3.1 Impact tester
11.3.2 Force-producing arrangement
11.3.3 Support fixture
11.3.4 Steel plate
11.3.5 Hand lens
11.4 Test specimens
11.5 Calibration of the impact tester
11.6 Procedure
11.7 Expression of results
11.8 Test report
12 Resistance to impact by large-diameter ball
12.1 Principle
12.2 Materials
12.2.1 High-quality fine-faced wood chipboard
12.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
12.3 Apparatus
12.3.1 Free-fall test apparatus
12.3.2 Polished steel ball
12.3.3 Specimen clamping frame
12.4 Test specimens
12.5 Procedure
12.6 Test report
13 Resistance to cracking under stress (thin laminates less than 2 mm)
13.1 Principle
13.2 Apparatus
13.2.1 Clamping device
13.2.2 Drilling jig
13.2.3 Conditioning chamber
13.2.4 Electrically heated oven
13.2.5 Hand lens
13.2.6 Lighting
13.2.7 Drilling machine
13.2.8 Micrometer thickness gauge
13.3 Test specimens
13.4 Procedure
13.5 Expression of results
13.6 Test report
14 Resistance to scratching
14.1 Principle
14.2 Apparatus
14.2.1 Scratch testing apparatus
14.2.2 Viewing enclosure
14.2.3 Conditioning chamber
14.2.4 Viewing mask
14.3 Standardization of the diamond point
14.3.1 With PMMA
14.3.2 With high-pressure decorative laminates (HPDL)
14.3.3 Acceptance values for diamond calibration
14.4 Test specimens
14.5 Procedure
14.5.1 Determination of approximate value
14.5.2 Determination of precise value
14.5.3 Final inspection
14.6 Expression of results
14.7 Test report
15 Resistance to staining
15.1 Principle
15.2 Staining agents
15.3 Apparatus and materials
15.3.1 Glass covers
15.3.2 Thermometer
15.3.3 Flat-bottomed aluminium vessel
15.3.4 Hotplate
15.3.5 Horizontal inspection surface
15.3.6 Wetting agent
15.3.7 Solvents
15.3.8 Soft clean cloth
15.3.9 Hard nylon bristle brush
15.4 Test specimens
15.5 Procedures
15.5.1 Procedure A
15.5.2 Procedure B
15.6 Expression of results
15.7 Test report
16 Resistance to colour change in xenon arc light
16.1 Principle
16.2 Apparatus
16.3 Test specimen
16.4 Procedure
16.5 Evaluation and expression of results
16.6 Test report
17 Resistance to cigarette burns
17.1 Principle
17.2 Materials
17.2.1 Fine-faced wood chipboard
17.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
17.2.3 Pale-tobacco cigarettes without filters
17.2.4 Ethanol
17.2.5 Soft cloth
17.3 Test specimen
17.4 Apparatus
17.4.1 Conditioning chamber
17.5 Procedure
17.6 Expression of results
17.7 Test report
18 Resistance to cigarette burns (simulated test using electric heater)
18.1 Principle
18.2 Materials
18.2.1 Fine-faced wood chipboard
18.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
18.3 Apparatus
18.3.1 Heating-element support (C)
18.3.2 Heating element (D)
18.3.3 Adjustable mounting
18.3.4 Calibration block (E)
18.3.5 Glass-windowed cover (H)
18.3.6 Stopwatch
18.3.7 Power source
18.3.8 Control circuit (J)
18.3.9 Potentiometer
18.3.10 Cotton wick
18.3.11 Conditioning chamber
18.4 Test specimens
18.5 Procedure
18.5.1 Calibration
18.5.2 Test
18.6 Expression of results
18.7 Test report
19 Formability (Method A)
19.1 Principle
19.2 Apparatus
19.2.1 Radiant heater
19.2.2 Variable-output transformer
19.2.3 Temperature indicators
19.2.4 Stopwatch
19.2.5 Forming apparatus
19.2.6 Conditioning chamber
19.2.7 Strips
19.3 Test specimens
19.4 Procedure
19.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
19.4.2 Test procedure
19.5 Test report
20 Formability (Method B)
20.1 Principle
20.2 Apparatus
20.2.1 Radiant heater element
20.2.2 Forming jig
20.2.3 Clamping device
20.2.4 L-shaped forming bar
20.2.5 Temperature indicators
20.2.6 Stopwatch
20.2.7 Thickness gauge
20.2.8 Conditioning chamber
20.3 Test specimens
20.4 Procedure
20.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
20.4.2 Test procedure
20.5 Test report
21 Resistance to blistering (Method A)
21.1 Principle
21.2 Apparatus
21.3 Test specimens
21.4 Procedure
21.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
21.4.2 Test procedure
21.5 Test report
22 Resistance to blistering (Method B)
22.1 Principle
22.2 Apparatus
22.3 Test specimens
22.4 Procedure
22.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
22.4.2 Test procedure
22.5 Test report
23 Resistance to steam
23.1 Principle
23.2 Materials
23.2.1 Wide-necked Erlenmeyer flask
23.2.2 Specimen holder and heat screen
23.2.3 Non-fibrous filter paper
23.2.4 Hand lens
23.2.5 Electric hotplate
23.3 Test specimen
23.4 Procedure
23.5 Test report
24 Reaction to fire
25 Resistance to crazing of compact laminates
25.1 Principle
25.2 Apparatus
25.2.1 Specimen holder
25.2.2 Electrically heated oven
25.2.3 Hand lens
25.2.4 Lighting
25.2.5 Conditioning chamber
25.3 Test specimens
25.4 Procedure
25.5 Expression of results
25.6 Test report
26 Resistance to moisture of double-faced compact laminates
26.1 Principle
26.2 Apparatus
26.2.1 Water bath
26.2.2 Specimen holder
26.2.3 Vessel
26.3 Test specimens
26.4 Procedure
26.5 Expression of results
26.6 Test report
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AS/NZS 2924.2:1998 HIGH-PRESSURE DECORATIVE LAMINATES-SHEETS MADE FROM THERMOSETTING RESINS - DETERMINATION OF PROPERTIES
PREFACE
CONTENTS
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definition
4 Thickness
4.1 Principle
4.2 Apparatus
4.2.1 Thickness gauge
4.3 Test specimen
4.4 Procedure
4.5 Test report
5 Appearance
5.1 Surface defects
5.1.1 Principle
5.1.2 Apparatus
5.1.3 Test specimen
5.1.4 Procedure
5.1.5 Test report
5.2 Flatness
5.2.1 Apparatus
5.2.2 Test specimen
5.2.3 Procedure
5.2.4 Test report
6 Resistance to surface wear
6.1 Principle
6.2 Materials
6.2.1 Calibration plates of rolled zinc sheet
6.2.2 Abrasive paper strips
6.2.3 Double-sided adhesive tape
6.3 Apparatus
6.3.1 Test machine
6.3.2 Conditioning chamber
6.4 Test specimens
6.5 Preparation of specimens and abrasive paper
6.6 Procedure
6.6.1 Preparation of abrasive wheels
6.6.2 Calibration of abrasive paper
6.6.3 Abrasion of specimen
6.7 Expression of results
6.8 Test report
7 Resistance to immersion in boiling water
7.1 Principle
7.2 Apparatus
7.2.1 Balance
7.2.2 Oven
7.2.3 Vessel
7.2.4 Vessel
7.2.5 Desiccator
7.2.6 Micrometer thickness gauge
7.2.7 Suitable heating apparatus
7.2.8 Specimen holder
7.3 Test specimens
7.4 Procedure
7.5 Expression of results
7.6 Test report
8 Resistance to dry heat
8.1 Principle
8.2 Materials
8.2.1 Glycerol tristearate
8.2.2 Fine-faced wood chipboard
8.2.3 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
8.3 Apparatus
8.3.1 Cast cylindrical aluminium or aluminium alloy vessel
8.3.2 Heat source
8.3.3 Suitable inorganic heat-insulating board
8.3.4 Thermometer
8.3.5 Fixed frame
8.3.6 Stirrer
8.4 Test specimen
8.5 Procedure
8.6 Test report
9 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature
9.1 Principle
9.2 Apparatus
9.2.1 Oven
9.2.2 Conditioning chamber
9.2.3 Conditioning chamber
9.2.4 Means for measuring lengths
9.2.5 Desiccator
9.3 Test specimens
9.4 Procedure
9.4.1 Dry-heat test
9.4.2 High-humidity test
9.5 Expression of results
9.6 Test report
10 Dimensional stability at 20 °C
10.1 Principle
10.2 Apparatus
10.2.1 Conditioning chambers
10.2.2 Means for measuring lengths
10.3 Test specimens
10.4 Procedure
10.5 Expression of results
10.6 Test report
11 Resistance to impact by small-diameter ball
11.1 Principle
11.2 Materials
11.2.1 High-quality fine-faced wood chipboard
11.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
11.2.3 Solution of dye in alcohol, graphite or talcum
11.3 Apparatus
11.3.1 Impact tester
11.3.2 Force-producing arrangement
11.3.3 Support fixture
11.3.4 Steel plate
11.3.5 Hand lens
11.4 Test specimens
11.5 Calibration of the impact tester
11.6 Procedure
11.7 Expression of results
11.8 Test report
12 Resistance to impact by large-diameter ball
12.1 Principle
12.2 Materials
12.2.1 High-quality fine-faced wood chipboard
12.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
12.3 Apparatus
12.3.1 Free-fall test apparatus
12.3.2 Polished steel ball
12.3.3 Specimen clamping frame
12.4 Test specimens
12.5 Procedure
12.6 Test report
13 Resistance to cracking under stress (thin laminates less than 2 mm)
13.1 Principle
13.2 Apparatus
13.2.1 Clamping device
13.2.2 Drilling jig
13.2.3 Conditioning chamber
13.2.4 Electrically heated oven
13.2.5 Hand lens
13.2.6 Lighting
13.2.7 Drilling machine
13.2.8 Micrometer thickness gauge
13.3 Test specimens
13.4 Procedure
13.5 Expression of results
13.6 Test report
14 Resistance to scratching
14.1 Principle
14.2 Apparatus
14.2.1 Scratch testing apparatus
14.2.2 Viewing enclosure
14.2.3 Conditioning chamber
14.2.4 Viewing mask
14.3 Standardization of the diamond point
14.3.1 With PMMA
14.3.2 With high-pressure decorative laminates (HPDL)
14.3.3 Acceptance values for diamond calibration
14.4 Test specimens
14.5 Procedure
14.5.1 Determination of approximate value
14.5.2 Determination of precise value
14.5.3 Final inspection
14.6 Expression of results
14.7 Test report
15 Resistance to staining
15.1 Principle
15.2 Staining agents
15.3 Apparatus and materials
15.3.1 Glass covers
15.3.2 Thermometer
15.3.3 Flat-bottomed aluminium vessel
15.3.4 Hotplate
15.3.5 Horizontal inspection surface
15.3.6 Wetting agent
15.3.7 Solvents
15.3.8 Soft clean cloth
15.3.9 Hard nylon bristle brush
15.4 Test specimens
15.5 Procedures
15.5.1 Procedure A
15.5.2 Procedure B
15.6 Expression of results
15.7 Test report
16 Resistance to colour change in xenon arc light
16.1 Principle
16.2 Apparatus
16.3 Test specimen
16.4 Procedure
16.5 Evaluation and expression of results
16.6 Test report
17 Resistance to cigarette burns
17.1 Principle
17.2 Materials
17.2.1 Fine-faced wood chipboard
17.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
17.2.3 Pale-tobacco cigarettes without filters
17.2.4 Ethanol
17.2.5 Soft cloth
17.3 Test specimen
17.4 Apparatus
17.4.1 Conditioning chamber
17.5 Procedure
17.6 Expression of results
17.7 Test report
18 Resistance to cigarette burns (simulated test using electric heater)
18.1 Principle
18.2 Materials
18.2.1 Fine-faced wood chipboard
18.2.2 Urea-formaldehyde adhesive
18.3 Apparatus
18.3.1 Heating-element support (C)
18.3.2 Heating element (D)
18.3.3 Adjustable mounting
18.3.4 Calibration block (E)
18.3.5 Glass-windowed cover (H)
18.3.6 Stopwatch
18.3.7 Power source
18.3.8 Control circuit (J)
18.3.9 Potentiometer
18.3.10 Cotton wick
18.3.11 Conditioning chamber
18.4 Test specimens
18.5 Procedure
18.5.1 Calibration
18.5.2 Test
18.6 Expression of results
18.7 Test report
19 Formability (Method A)
19.1 Principle
19.2 Apparatus
19.2.1 Radiant heater
19.2.2 Variable-output transformer
19.2.3 Temperature indicators
19.2.4 Stopwatch
19.2.5 Forming apparatus
19.2.6 Conditioning chamber
19.2.7 Strips
19.3 Test specimens
19.4 Procedure
19.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
19.4.2 Test procedure
19.5 Test report
20 Formability (Method B)
20.1 Principle
20.2 Apparatus
20.2.1 Radiant heater element
20.2.2 Forming jig
20.2.3 Clamping device
20.2.4 L-shaped forming bar
20.2.5 Temperature indicators
20.2.6 Stopwatch
20.2.7 Thickness gauge
20.2.8 Conditioning chamber
20.3 Test specimens
20.4 Procedure
20.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
20.4.2 Test procedure
20.5 Test report
21 Resistance to blistering (Method A)
21.1 Principle
21.2 Apparatus
21.3 Test specimens
21.4 Procedure
21.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
21.4.2 Test procedure
21.5 Test report
22 Resistance to blistering (Method B)
22.1 Principle
22.2 Apparatus
22.3 Test specimens
22.4 Procedure
22.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus
22.4.2 Test procedure
22.5 Test report
23 Resistance to steam
23.1 Principle
23.2 Materials
23.2.1 Wide-necked Erlenmeyer flask
23.2.2 Specimen holder and heat screen
23.2.3 Non-fibrous filter paper
23.2.4 Hand lens
23.2.5 Electric hotplate
23.3 Test specimen
23.4 Procedure
23.5 Test report
24 Reaction to fire
25 Resistance to crazing of compact laminates
25.1 Principle
25.2 Apparatus
25.2.1 Specimen holder
25.2.2 Electrically heated oven
25.2.3 Hand lens
25.2.4 Lighting
25.2.5 Conditioning chamber
25.3 Test specimens
25.4 Procedure
25.5 Expression of results
25.6 Test report
26 Resistance to moisture of double-faced compact laminates
26.1 Principle
26.2 Apparatus
26.2.1 Water bath
26.2.2 Specimen holder
26.2.3 Vessel
26.3 Test specimens
26.4 Procedure
26.5 Expression of results
26.6 Test report
Previous versions
AS/NZS 2924.2:1998
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