AS/NZS 1596:2008
The storage and handling of LP Gas
Specifies requirements for the location, design, construction, commissioning and operation of installations for the storage and handling of LP Gas, and includes the management of emergencies.
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AS/NZS 1596:2008 - THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF LP GAS
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
1.2 APPLICATION
1.2.1 Application of Standard
1.2.2 Relationship to other Standards
1.2.3 Application of sections
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 ADG Code
1.4.2 Aerial wiring
1.4.3 AGA
1.4.4 AIP
1.4.5 ALPGA
1.4.6 Authority
1.4.7 Automotive filling installation
1.4.8 Boundary
1.4.9 Capacity (of a tank or cylinder)
1.4.10 Combustible
1.4.11 Combustible liquid
1.4.12 Compound
1.4.13 Container
1.4.14 Cylinder
1.4.15 Deadman’s handle
1.4.16 Decanting
1.4.17 Direct connection
1.4.18 Emergency shut-down system
1.4.19 Excess-flow valve
1.4.20 Filling connection
1.4.21 Fire resistance level (FRL)/ Fire resistance rating (FRR)
1.4.22 Firewall
1.4.23 Fixed liquid level gauge or fixed ullage gauge
1.4.24 Flammable liquid
1.4.25 Fleet refuelling installation
1.4.26 Fusible link
1.4.27 Gas distributor
1.4.28 Gas free
1.4.29 Hazardous area
1.4.30 Heat radiation barrier
1.4.31 Hot work
1.4.32 Ignition source
1.4.33 In-situ filling
1.4.34 Installation
1.4.35 Internal component
1.4.36 Internal safety control valve (ISC)
1.4.37 Liquefied petroleum gas (LP Gas)
1.4.38 LPGA
1.4.39 Mass-filling ratio
1.4.40 Maximum filling level
1.4.41 May
1.4.42 Non-return valve (check valve)
1.4.43 Outdoor
1.4.44 Pigtail
1.4.45 POL coupling
1.4.46 Positive shut-off
1.4.47 Practicable
1.4.48 Protected place
1.4.49 Public place
1.4.50 Quick-closing internal valve
1.4.51 Regulator
1.4.52 Remote connection
1.4.53 Safety valve
1.4.54 Service station
1.4.55 Shall
1.4.56 Should
1.4.57 Site
1.4.58 Site operator
1.4.59 Standard filling level
1.4.60 Tank
1.4.61 Tanker
1.4.62 Thermal screen
1.4.63 Ullage
1.4.64 Vaporizer
1.4.65 Vapour barrier
1.4.66 Volume filling percentage
SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
2.3 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE OF LP GAS
2.4 GROUPS OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN WHICH LP GAS IS USED
SECTION 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
3.2 RESTRICTIONS ON IGNITION SOURCES
3.3 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
3.4 CONTROL OF ACCESS
3.5 SEPARATION DISTANCES
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Separation to protected places on adjoining properties
3.5.3 Changed site conditions
3.6 USE OF FIREWALLS AND VAPOUR BARRIERS
3.7 CONSTRUCTION OF FIREWALLS, VAPOUR BARRIERS AND THERMALSCREENS
3.7.1 Vapour barriers
3.7.2 Firewalls
3.7.3 Thermal screens
3.7.4 Use of existing construction
3.8 PIPES, VALVES AND FITTINGS
SECTION 4 CYLINDERS AND CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
4.2 CYLINDERS
4.2.1 Compliance with standards
4.2.2 Exchange-fill cylinders
4.2.3 In-situ fill cylinders
4.2.4 Cylinders to be filled by decanting
4.2.5 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
4.2.6 Butane cylinders
4.3 REGULATORS AND PIPING FOR CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.3.1 Regulators
4.3.2 Location of regulator
4.3.3 Piping
4.4 CYLINDERS IN USE
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Location of cylinders
4.4.3 Prohibited locations for cylinders
4.4.4 Cylinders indoors
4.4.4.1 General
4.4.4.2 Volumes of LP Gas indoors—Cylinders
4.4.4.3 Volumes of LP Gas indoors—Non-refillable containers
4.4.5 Cylinders outdoors
4.4.6 Hazardous area requirements
4.4.7 Cylinders on a verandah
4.4.8 Cylinders under a building supported by piers
4.4.9 Cylinders in public locations
4.4.10 Installing cylinders
4.4.11 Cylinders for in-situ filling
4.5 CYLINDER STORAGE
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Site requirements
4.5.3 Separation distances
4.5.4 Cylinder storage and handling
4.5.5 Ventilation of cylinder stores
4.5.5.1 General requirements
4.5.5.2 Natural ventilation
4.5.5.3 Mechanical ventilation
4.6 EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
4.7 STORAGE OF LP GAS CYLINDERS ON TROLLEYS
4.8 CYLINDER LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS
4.8.1 General
4.8.2 Location of cylinders in loading and unloading areas
4.8.3 Ignition sources
SECTION 5 COMPONENTS FOR TANK SYSTEMS
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
5.2 TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
5.2.1 Materials of construction
5.2.2 New Zealand requirements
5.2.3 Australian requirements
5.3 CONTROL OF LP GAS OUTFLOW
5.3.1 Minimization of outflow
5.3.2 Safety valve
5.3.3 Openings for gauges
5.3.4 Shut-down system
5.3.4.1 General
5.3.4.2 Primary shut-down system
5.3.4.3 Secondary shut-down system
5.3.5 Tanks larger than 200 kL
5.4 SAFETY VALVES
5.4.1 Provision of safety valves
5.4.2 Discharge provisions
5.4.3 Reserve safety valves
5.5 VALVES AND ACCESSORIES
5.5.1 Suitability
5.5.2 Metal parts
5.5.2.1 General
5.5.2.2 Additional requirements
5.5.2.3 Exceptions
5.5.3 Marking of valve indicators
5.5.4 Filling connections on tanks
5.5.5 Liquid level and contents gauges
5.5.6 Pressure gauges
5.5.7 Temperature gauge
5.5.8 Regulators
5.5.9 Provision for emptying tank
5.6 PIPING
5.6.1 Design for pressure
5.6.2 Joints
5.6.3 Joints in copper pipe
5.6.4 Flexible pipe connections
5.6.5 Transfer hose
5.6.6 Transfer hose couplings
5.6.7 Expansion flexibility
5.7 VAPORIZERS
5.7.1 Design and construction
5.7.2 Marking
SECTION 6 TANK SYSTEM INSTALLATION
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
6.2 TANK SPACING AND SEPARATION DISTANCES
6.2.1 General location and spacing
6.2.2 Tanks in groups
6.2.3 Aerial wiring systems
6.2.4 Distances to other gas storages
6.2.5 On-site storages and flammable and combustible materials
6.3 TANK SITE CONDITIONS
6.3.1 Ground conditions
6.3.2 Ventilation and access
6.4 TANK FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS
6.4.1 Foundations and supports
6.4.2 Fire resistance of supports
6.4.3 Expansion provision
6.5 TANK INSTALLATION AND DESIGN
6.6 CONNECTIONS FOR TANK FILLING AND TANKER LOADING
6.6.1 Filling connection
6.6.2 Direct connection
6.6.3 Remote connection
6.6.4 Tanker loading
6.6.5 Access for contents gauging
6.6.6 Hose venting
6.6.7 Separation distances
6.7 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM
6.7.1 General design
6.7.1.1 Shut-off valve
6.7.1.2 Use of LP Gas vapour
6.7.2 Fire actuation
6.7.3 Manual actuation
6.7.4 Tank-to-tanker and tanker-to-tank transfer protection
6.8 PIPING
6.8.1 Interconnected tanks
6.8.2 Liquid lines between valves
6.8.3 Piping system
6.8.4 Piping drain or bleed valves
6.8.5 Support of piping
6.8.6 Piping within buildings
6.8.7 Underground piping
6.8.8 Identification of pipes
6.8.9 Pipework testing
6.9 VAPORIZER INSTALLATION
6.9.1 Compatibility check
6.9.2 Shelter
6.9.3 Location
6.10 REGULATORS
6.10.1 Location
6.10.2 Venting
6.10.3 Overpressure protection
6.11 PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS
6.11.1 Suitability
6.11.2 Pressure limitation
6.11.3 Pumps
6.11.4 Pump location
6.11.5 Compressors
6.12 SECURITY AND DAMAGE AVOIDANCE
6.12.1 Tank security
6.12.2 Security fence
6.12.3 Lockable enclosure
6.12.4 Damage avoidance
6.13 LIGHTING AND BONDING PROTECTION
6.13.1 Lightning protection
6.13.2 Bonding to tanker
6.14 LADDERS, STEPS AND PLATFORMS
6.15 LEAK DETECTION
6.16 MARKINGS AND NOTICES
6.17 LIGHTING
6.18 UNODOURIZED GAS INSTALLATIONS
6.18.1 Emergency shut-down system
6.18.2 Location of gas detectors
6.18.3 Function of gas detectors
SECTION 7 UNDERGROUND TANK INSTALLATIONS
7.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
7.2 CORROSION CONTROL
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Testing of coating
7.3 LOCATION AND INSTALLATION
7.3.1 Tank location
7.3.2 Tanks in groups
7.3.3 Tank covering
7.3.4 Anchoring
7.3.5 Tank branches and tappings
7.3.6 Gas storages other than LP Gas
7.4 ACCESS, PROTECTION, FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES
7.4.1 Access
7.4.2 Protection for above-ground equipment
7.4.3 Access pits
7.4.4 Contents gauging
7.5 DISCHARGE FROM SAFETY RELIEF DEVICES
7.5.1 Discharge rate
7.5.2 Point of discharge
SECTION 8 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS - AUSTRALIA
8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
8.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
8.2.1 Filling by mass
8.2.2 Filling by volume
8.2.3 Ignition sources
8.2.4 Suitability of gas supply
8.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
8.3.1 Location of filling point
8.3.2 Adjacent storage
8.3.3 Ventilation
8.3.4 Emergency shut-down
8.4 DECANTING
8.4.1 Restrictions
8.4.2 Decanting equipment
8.4.3 Location of the decanting cylinder or tank
8.4.3.1 Decanting cylinder
8.4.3.2 Decanting tank
8.4.3.3 Location of decanting installation
8.4.4 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.4.5 Security of equipment
8.4.6 Notices
SECTION 9 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS - NEW ZEALAND
9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
9.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
9.2.1 Filling by mass
9.2.2 Filling by volume
9.2.3 Ignition sources
9.2.4 Use of vapour barriers and firewalls
9.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
9.3.1 Location of filling point
9.3.2 Adjacent storage
9.3.3 Service station forecourt filling
9.3.4 Ventilation
9.3.5 Security
9.3.6 Notices
9.3.7 Emergency shut-down device
9.4 DECANTING
9.4.1 Capacity restrictions
9.4.2 Decanting connection
9.4.3 Location of decanting area
9.4.4 Arrangement of cylinder
9.4.5 Decanting from tanks
SECTION 10 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 COMMON REQUIREMENTS
10.2.1 Ignition sources
10.2.2 Tank and pump piping
10.2.3 Filling area
10.2.3.1 Illumination
10.2.3.2 Hose reach zone
10.2.3.3 Vehicle filling area
10.3 DISPENSING SYSTEMS
10.3.1 General design
10.3.2 Style A dispenser system
10.3.3 Dispensing hose
10.3.4 Dispensing nozzle
10.3.5 Filler caps
10.4 NOTICES, SIGNS AND INSTRUCTIONS
10.5 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.5.1 Introduction
10.5.2 Above-ground storage tanks (Australia only)
10.5.3 Spillage control
10.5.4 Connections for tank filling
10.5.5 Provisions for emptying tanks
10.5.6 Location of LP Gas dispensers
10.5.7 Dispenser service lines
10.5.8 Piping for above-ground tanks
10.5.9 Pump bypass
10.5.10 Location of pumps
10.5.11 Use of thermal screens and fire walls
10.5.12 Tanker access and egress
10.5.13 Tanker unloading position
10.5.14 Remote shut-down system
10.5.15 Damage avoidance
10.5.16 Dispenser system
10.5.17 Locking provisions
10.5.18 Self-service
10.5.18.1 General design
10.5.18.2 Limitations
10.5.18.3 Control and supervision facilities
10.5.18.4 Additional requirements for card-operated dispensers
10.5.19 Decanting cylinders
10.6 SITE SUITABILITY FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7 LAND USE CONTROLS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Separation distances
10.7.2.1 General
10.7.2.2 Sensitive uses
10.7.2.3 Residential uses
10.7.2.4 Recreational/commercial uses
10.7.2.5 Place of regular occupancy
10.7.2.6 Ancillary services
10.7.3 Population limit areas
10.7.3.1 General
10.7.3.2 Equivalent population factor
10.7.3.3 Occupancy rates
10.7.3.4 Separation distances and equivalent population values
10.8 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SERVICE STATIONS
SECTION 11 OPERATIONS
11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
11.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
11.2.1 Requirements
11.2.2 Odour
11.2.3 Omission of odour
11.2.4 Initial pre-delivery check
11.2.5 Subsequent pre-delivery checks
11.2.6 Post-delivery checks
11.2.7 Tanks out of service
11.2.8 Changed usage of tanks
11.2.9 Post-installation site work
11.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES
11.3.1 Procedures required
11.3.2 Documentation of procedures
11.3.3 Review and upkeep of procedures
11.3.4 Operating procedures
11.3.5 Construction and maintenance procedures
11.3.6 Emergency procedures
11.3.7 Training
11.3.7.1 Employees
11.3.7.2 Contractors
11.3.7.3 Visitors
11.3.7.4 Specialists
11.3.7.5 Refresher training
11.4 COMPLIANCE, SUPERVISION AND RECORDS
11.4.1 Compliance with procedures
11.4.2 Supervision
11.4.3 Records
11.5 CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
11.5.1 Installation certification
11.5.2 Scheduled checks
11.5.3 Tanks
11.5.4 Piping
11.5.5 Hoses
11.5.6 Flexible connections
11.5.7 Protective flow-control valves
11.5.8 Authorization of work
11.5.9 Safe work procedures
11.5.10 Work preparation
11.5.11 Completion of work
11.5.12 Site upkeep
11.6 SPECIFIC OPERATING PROCEDURES
11.6.1 Commissioning of new or modified equipment
11.6.2 Outlets not in use
11.6.3 Personnel safety
11.6.4 Security measures
11.7 PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRANSPORT OR REMOVAL OF STORAGETANKS
11.8 TANKER OPERATIONS
11.8.1 Delivery vehicle
11.8.2 Tanker loading procedures
11.8.3 Check of accessories
11.8.4 Refuelling
11.8.5 Parking and garaging
11.8.6 Tanker servicing and repair
11.9 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR TANKER TRANSFER
11.9.1 Suitability of gas
11.9.2 Condition of installation
11.9.3 Advice of delivery
11.9.4 Safety of hose
11.9.5 Use of gloves
11.9.6 Tanker location
11.9.7 Multiple tanker transfer operations
11.10 SUPERVISION OF DELIVERY
11.11 PROCEDURES FOR FILLING AND EMPTYING TANKS
11.11.1 Valve handles
11.11.2 Venting
11.11.3 Procedures prior to transfer
11.11.4 Procedures during transfer
11.11.5 Procedures after transfer
11.12 CYLINDER FILLING
11.12.1 General requirements
11.12.2 Supervision
11.12.3 Leakage check
11.12.4 In-situ filling
11.12.5 Filling at automotive fuel dispensers (Australia only)
11.12.6 Decanting
11.13 FILLING FROM TANKERS TO CYLINDERS OTHER THAN IN-SITU
11.13.1 Application
11.13.2 General requirements
11.13.3 Preliminary safety check
11.13.4 Notices
11.13.5 Tanker egress
11.13.6 Cylinder handling
11.13.7 Separation distances
SECTION 12 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES
12.2.1 Consideration in designing premises
12.2.2 Emergency plan
12.2.2.1 General
12.2.3 Review of emergency plan
12.3 MANIFEST
12.4 PLACARDING
SECTION 13 FIRE SAFETY
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
13.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
13.3.1 Integration with existing facilities
13.3.2 Variations to this Section
13.3.3 Equipment compatibility
13.3.4 Location of firefighting equipment
13.3.5 Variations to requirements
13.4 CYLINDERS
13.4.1 Cylinder storage and use
13.4.2 Cylinder filling areas
13.5 TANK INSTALLATIONS
13.5.1 Site evaluation
13.5.2 Heat protection
13.6 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
13.7 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
13.7.1 Hydrant system
13.7.2 Hose reels
13.7.3 Water spray system
13.7.4 Monitors
13.7.5 Fire extinguishers
13.7.6 Water supply
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - TANK OR CYLINDER FILLING LEVEL
B1 INTRODUCTION
B2 DETERMINATION OF STANDARD FILLING LEVEL
B2.1 Application
B2.2 Principle
B2.3 Procedure
B3 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY MASS
B3.1 Application
B3.2 Filling procedure
B4 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—STANDARD LIQUID LEVELMETHOD
B4.1 Application
B4.2 Filling procedure
B5 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—TEMPERATURE CORRECTIONMETHOD
B5.1 Application
B5.2 Determination of maximum permitted level
B5.3 Filling procedure
APPENDIX C - APPROXIMATE CAPACITIES OF CYLINDERS FOR LP GAS
APPENDIX D - INDUSTRIAL MOBILE SPACE HEATERS
APPENDIX E - MARKINGS, SIGNS AND NOTICES
E1 TANK SYSTEMS
E1.1 Valve indicators and marking
E1.2 Vaporizer marking
E1.3 Tank data plate
E1.4 Liquid and vapour lines
E2 TANK INSTALLATIONS
E2.1 Emergency shut-down system marking
E2.2 Tank or tank storage area placarding
E2.3 Placard
E2.4 Construction of signs
E3 CYLINDER INSTALLATIONS
E3.1 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
E4 CYLINDER FILLING
E4.1 Notices for cylinder filling
E5 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING STATIONS—VEHICLE FILLING AREAS
E5.1 Precautionary sign
E5.2 Driver instructions
E5.2.1 General
E5.2.2 Driver instruction signs
E5.2.3 Warning sign
E5.2.4 Filling instructions
E5.3 Emergency procedures
APPENDIX F - HAZARDOUS AREAS
APPENDIX G - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
G1 INTRODUCTION
G2 RESTRICTIONS
G3 LOCATION OF CAGES
G4 SIGNS AND LABELS
G5 PRIVATE TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
APPENDIX H - DISCHARGE CAPACITY OF SAFETY VALVES
H1 INTRODUCTION
H2 TANKS
H3 VAPORIZERS
APPENDIX I - LEAKAGE TESTING OF PIPEWORK
I1 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TANK OR CYLINDER AND FIRST STAGEREGULATOR
I2 ALL OTHER PIPEWORK
I2.1 General
I2.2 Low pressure pipework
I2.3 High pressure pipework
APPENDIX J - DECANTING PROCEDURE
APPENDIX K - EMERGENCY PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
K1 EMERGENCY PLANS
K1.1 General
K1.2 Premises emergency plan
K1.3 Plan for use by emergency services
K1.4 Information to be provided to the emergency services
K2 DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OFEMERGENCY PLANS
APPENDIX L - MOTOR VEHICLE REFUELLING
APPENDIX M - FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M1 INTRODUCTION
M2 ASSUMPTIONS
M3 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
M4 CALCULATION OF FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M5 EVALUATION
APPENDIX N - FIRE SAFETY
APPENDIX O - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
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AS/NZS 1596:2008 - THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF LP GAS
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
1.2 APPLICATION
1.2.1 Application of Standard
1.2.2 Relationship to other Standards
1.2.3 Application of sections
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
1.4.1 ADG Code
1.4.2 Aerial wiring
1.4.3 AGA
1.4.4 AIP
1.4.5 ALPGA
1.4.6 Authority
1.4.7 Automotive filling installation
1.4.8 Boundary
1.4.9 Capacity (of a tank or cylinder)
1.4.10 Combustible
1.4.11 Combustible liquid
1.4.12 Compound
1.4.13 Container
1.4.14 Cylinder
1.4.15 Deadman’s handle
1.4.16 Decanting
1.4.17 Direct connection
1.4.18 Emergency shut-down system
1.4.19 Excess-flow valve
1.4.20 Filling connection
1.4.21 Fire resistance level (FRL)/ Fire resistance rating (FRR)
1.4.22 Firewall
1.4.23 Fixed liquid level gauge or fixed ullage gauge
1.4.24 Flammable liquid
1.4.25 Fleet refuelling installation
1.4.26 Fusible link
1.4.27 Gas distributor
1.4.28 Gas free
1.4.29 Hazardous area
1.4.30 Heat radiation barrier
1.4.31 Hot work
1.4.32 Ignition source
1.4.33 In-situ filling
1.4.34 Installation
1.4.35 Internal component
1.4.36 Internal safety control valve (ISC)
1.4.37 Liquefied petroleum gas (LP Gas)
1.4.38 LPGA
1.4.39 Mass-filling ratio
1.4.40 Maximum filling level
1.4.41 May
1.4.42 Non-return valve (check valve)
1.4.43 Outdoor
1.4.44 Pigtail
1.4.45 POL coupling
1.4.46 Positive shut-off
1.4.47 Practicable
1.4.48 Protected place
1.4.49 Public place
1.4.50 Quick-closing internal valve
1.4.51 Regulator
1.4.52 Remote connection
1.4.53 Safety valve
1.4.54 Service station
1.4.55 Shall
1.4.56 Should
1.4.57 Site
1.4.58 Site operator
1.4.59 Standard filling level
1.4.60 Tank
1.4.61 Tanker
1.4.62 Thermal screen
1.4.63 Ullage
1.4.64 Vaporizer
1.4.65 Vapour barrier
1.4.66 Volume filling percentage
SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
2.3 MINOR STORAGE AND USAGE OF LP GAS
2.4 GROUPS OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN WHICH LP GAS IS USED
SECTION 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
3.2 RESTRICTIONS ON IGNITION SOURCES
3.3 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
3.4 CONTROL OF ACCESS
3.5 SEPARATION DISTANCES
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Separation to protected places on adjoining properties
3.5.3 Changed site conditions
3.6 USE OF FIREWALLS AND VAPOUR BARRIERS
3.7 CONSTRUCTION OF FIREWALLS, VAPOUR BARRIERS AND THERMALSCREENS
3.7.1 Vapour barriers
3.7.2 Firewalls
3.7.3 Thermal screens
3.7.4 Use of existing construction
3.8 PIPES, VALVES AND FITTINGS
SECTION 4 CYLINDERS AND CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
4.2 CYLINDERS
4.2.1 Compliance with standards
4.2.2 Exchange-fill cylinders
4.2.3 In-situ fill cylinders
4.2.4 Cylinders to be filled by decanting
4.2.5 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
4.2.6 Butane cylinders
4.3 REGULATORS AND PIPING FOR CYLINDER SYSTEMS
4.3.1 Regulators
4.3.2 Location of regulator
4.3.3 Piping
4.4 CYLINDERS IN USE
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Location of cylinders
4.4.3 Prohibited locations for cylinders
4.4.4 Cylinders indoors
4.4.4.1 General
4.4.4.2 Volumes of LP Gas indoors—Cylinders
4.4.4.3 Volumes of LP Gas indoors—Non-refillable containers
4.4.5 Cylinders outdoors
4.4.6 Hazardous area requirements
4.4.7 Cylinders on a verandah
4.4.8 Cylinders under a building supported by piers
4.4.9 Cylinders in public locations
4.4.10 Installing cylinders
4.4.11 Cylinders for in-situ filling
4.5 CYLINDER STORAGE
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Site requirements
4.5.3 Separation distances
4.5.4 Cylinder storage and handling
4.5.5 Ventilation of cylinder stores
4.5.5.1 General requirements
4.5.5.2 Natural ventilation
4.5.5.3 Mechanical ventilation
4.6 EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
4.7 STORAGE OF LP GAS CYLINDERS ON TROLLEYS
4.8 CYLINDER LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS
4.8.1 General
4.8.2 Location of cylinders in loading and unloading areas
4.8.3 Ignition sources
SECTION 5 COMPONENTS FOR TANK SYSTEMS
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
5.2 TANK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
5.2.1 Materials of construction
5.2.2 New Zealand requirements
5.2.3 Australian requirements
5.3 CONTROL OF LP GAS OUTFLOW
5.3.1 Minimization of outflow
5.3.2 Safety valve
5.3.3 Openings for gauges
5.3.4 Shut-down system
5.3.4.1 General
5.3.4.2 Primary shut-down system
5.3.4.3 Secondary shut-down system
5.3.5 Tanks larger than 200 kL
5.4 SAFETY VALVES
5.4.1 Provision of safety valves
5.4.2 Discharge provisions
5.4.3 Reserve safety valves
5.5 VALVES AND ACCESSORIES
5.5.1 Suitability
5.5.2 Metal parts
5.5.2.1 General
5.5.2.2 Additional requirements
5.5.2.3 Exceptions
5.5.3 Marking of valve indicators
5.5.4 Filling connections on tanks
5.5.5 Liquid level and contents gauges
5.5.6 Pressure gauges
5.5.7 Temperature gauge
5.5.8 Regulators
5.5.9 Provision for emptying tank
5.6 PIPING
5.6.1 Design for pressure
5.6.2 Joints
5.6.3 Joints in copper pipe
5.6.4 Flexible pipe connections
5.6.5 Transfer hose
5.6.6 Transfer hose couplings
5.6.7 Expansion flexibility
5.7 VAPORIZERS
5.7.1 Design and construction
5.7.2 Marking
SECTION 6 TANK SYSTEM INSTALLATION
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
6.2 TANK SPACING AND SEPARATION DISTANCES
6.2.1 General location and spacing
6.2.2 Tanks in groups
6.2.3 Aerial wiring systems
6.2.4 Distances to other gas storages
6.2.5 On-site storages and flammable and combustible materials
6.3 TANK SITE CONDITIONS
6.3.1 Ground conditions
6.3.2 Ventilation and access
6.4 TANK FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS
6.4.1 Foundations and supports
6.4.2 Fire resistance of supports
6.4.3 Expansion provision
6.5 TANK INSTALLATION AND DESIGN
6.6 CONNECTIONS FOR TANK FILLING AND TANKER LOADING
6.6.1 Filling connection
6.6.2 Direct connection
6.6.3 Remote connection
6.6.4 Tanker loading
6.6.5 Access for contents gauging
6.6.6 Hose venting
6.6.7 Separation distances
6.7 EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM
6.7.1 General design
6.7.1.1 Shut-off valve
6.7.1.2 Use of LP Gas vapour
6.7.2 Fire actuation
6.7.3 Manual actuation
6.7.4 Tank-to-tanker and tanker-to-tank transfer protection
6.8 PIPING
6.8.1 Interconnected tanks
6.8.2 Liquid lines between valves
6.8.3 Piping system
6.8.4 Piping drain or bleed valves
6.8.5 Support of piping
6.8.6 Piping within buildings
6.8.7 Underground piping
6.8.8 Identification of pipes
6.8.9 Pipework testing
6.9 VAPORIZER INSTALLATION
6.9.1 Compatibility check
6.9.2 Shelter
6.9.3 Location
6.10 REGULATORS
6.10.1 Location
6.10.2 Venting
6.10.3 Overpressure protection
6.11 PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS
6.11.1 Suitability
6.11.2 Pressure limitation
6.11.3 Pumps
6.11.4 Pump location
6.11.5 Compressors
6.12 SECURITY AND DAMAGE AVOIDANCE
6.12.1 Tank security
6.12.2 Security fence
6.12.3 Lockable enclosure
6.12.4 Damage avoidance
6.13 LIGHTING AND BONDING PROTECTION
6.13.1 Lightning protection
6.13.2 Bonding to tanker
6.14 LADDERS, STEPS AND PLATFORMS
6.15 LEAK DETECTION
6.16 MARKINGS AND NOTICES
6.17 LIGHTING
6.18 UNODOURIZED GAS INSTALLATIONS
6.18.1 Emergency shut-down system
6.18.2 Location of gas detectors
6.18.3 Function of gas detectors
SECTION 7 UNDERGROUND TANK INSTALLATIONS
7.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF SECTION
7.2 CORROSION CONTROL
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Testing of coating
7.3 LOCATION AND INSTALLATION
7.3.1 Tank location
7.3.2 Tanks in groups
7.3.3 Tank covering
7.3.4 Anchoring
7.3.5 Tank branches and tappings
7.3.6 Gas storages other than LP Gas
7.4 ACCESS, PROTECTION, FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES
7.4.1 Access
7.4.2 Protection for above-ground equipment
7.4.3 Access pits
7.4.4 Contents gauging
7.5 DISCHARGE FROM SAFETY RELIEF DEVICES
7.5.1 Discharge rate
7.5.2 Point of discharge
SECTION 8 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS - AUSTRALIA
8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
8.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
8.2.1 Filling by mass
8.2.2 Filling by volume
8.2.3 Ignition sources
8.2.4 Suitability of gas supply
8.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
8.3.1 Location of filling point
8.3.2 Adjacent storage
8.3.3 Ventilation
8.3.4 Emergency shut-down
8.4 DECANTING
8.4.1 Restrictions
8.4.2 Decanting equipment
8.4.3 Location of the decanting cylinder or tank
8.4.3.1 Decanting cylinder
8.4.3.2 Decanting tank
8.4.3.3 Location of decanting installation
8.4.4 Positioning of cylinder to be filled
8.4.5 Security of equipment
8.4.6 Notices
SECTION 9 CYLINDER FILLING INSTALLATIONS - NEW ZEALAND
9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
9.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
9.2.1 Filling by mass
9.2.2 Filling by volume
9.2.3 Ignition sources
9.2.4 Use of vapour barriers and firewalls
9.3 CYLINDER FILLING AREA
9.3.1 Location of filling point
9.3.2 Adjacent storage
9.3.3 Service station forecourt filling
9.3.4 Ventilation
9.3.5 Security
9.3.6 Notices
9.3.7 Emergency shut-down device
9.4 DECANTING
9.4.1 Capacity restrictions
9.4.2 Decanting connection
9.4.3 Location of decanting area
9.4.4 Arrangement of cylinder
9.4.5 Decanting from tanks
SECTION 10 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 COMMON REQUIREMENTS
10.2.1 Ignition sources
10.2.2 Tank and pump piping
10.2.3 Filling area
10.2.3.1 Illumination
10.2.3.2 Hose reach zone
10.2.3.3 Vehicle filling area
10.3 DISPENSING SYSTEMS
10.3.1 General design
10.3.2 Style A dispenser system
10.3.3 Dispensing hose
10.3.4 Dispensing nozzle
10.3.5 Filler caps
10.4 NOTICES, SIGNS AND INSTRUCTIONS
10.5 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.5.1 Introduction
10.5.2 Above-ground storage tanks (Australia only)
10.5.3 Spillage control
10.5.4 Connections for tank filling
10.5.5 Provisions for emptying tanks
10.5.6 Location of LP Gas dispensers
10.5.7 Dispenser service lines
10.5.8 Piping for above-ground tanks
10.5.9 Pump bypass
10.5.10 Location of pumps
10.5.11 Use of thermal screens and fire walls
10.5.12 Tanker access and egress
10.5.13 Tanker unloading position
10.5.14 Remote shut-down system
10.5.15 Damage avoidance
10.5.16 Dispenser system
10.5.17 Locking provisions
10.5.18 Self-service
10.5.18.1 General design
10.5.18.2 Limitations
10.5.18.3 Control and supervision facilities
10.5.18.4 Additional requirements for card-operated dispensers
10.5.19 Decanting cylinders
10.6 SITE SUITABILITY FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7 LAND USE CONTROLS FOR SERVICE STATIONS
10.7.1 General
10.7.2 Separation distances
10.7.2.1 General
10.7.2.2 Sensitive uses
10.7.2.3 Residential uses
10.7.2.4 Recreational/commercial uses
10.7.2.5 Place of regular occupancy
10.7.2.6 Ancillary services
10.7.3 Population limit areas
10.7.3.1 General
10.7.3.2 Equivalent population factor
10.7.3.3 Occupancy rates
10.7.3.4 Separation distances and equivalent population values
10.8 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR SERVICE STATIONS
SECTION 11 OPERATIONS
11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
11.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
11.2.1 Requirements
11.2.2 Odour
11.2.3 Omission of odour
11.2.4 Initial pre-delivery check
11.2.5 Subsequent pre-delivery checks
11.2.6 Post-delivery checks
11.2.7 Tanks out of service
11.2.8 Changed usage of tanks
11.2.9 Post-installation site work
11.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES
11.3.1 Procedures required
11.3.2 Documentation of procedures
11.3.3 Review and upkeep of procedures
11.3.4 Operating procedures
11.3.5 Construction and maintenance procedures
11.3.6 Emergency procedures
11.3.7 Training
11.3.7.1 Employees
11.3.7.2 Contractors
11.3.7.3 Visitors
11.3.7.4 Specialists
11.3.7.5 Refresher training
11.4 COMPLIANCE, SUPERVISION AND RECORDS
11.4.1 Compliance with procedures
11.4.2 Supervision
11.4.3 Records
11.5 CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
11.5.1 Installation certification
11.5.2 Scheduled checks
11.5.3 Tanks
11.5.4 Piping
11.5.5 Hoses
11.5.6 Flexible connections
11.5.7 Protective flow-control valves
11.5.8 Authorization of work
11.5.9 Safe work procedures
11.5.10 Work preparation
11.5.11 Completion of work
11.5.12 Site upkeep
11.6 SPECIFIC OPERATING PROCEDURES
11.6.1 Commissioning of new or modified equipment
11.6.2 Outlets not in use
11.6.3 Personnel safety
11.6.4 Security measures
11.7 PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRANSPORT OR REMOVAL OF STORAGETANKS
11.8 TANKER OPERATIONS
11.8.1 Delivery vehicle
11.8.2 Tanker loading procedures
11.8.3 Check of accessories
11.8.4 Refuelling
11.8.5 Parking and garaging
11.8.6 Tanker servicing and repair
11.9 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR TANKER TRANSFER
11.9.1 Suitability of gas
11.9.2 Condition of installation
11.9.3 Advice of delivery
11.9.4 Safety of hose
11.9.5 Use of gloves
11.9.6 Tanker location
11.9.7 Multiple tanker transfer operations
11.10 SUPERVISION OF DELIVERY
11.11 PROCEDURES FOR FILLING AND EMPTYING TANKS
11.11.1 Valve handles
11.11.2 Venting
11.11.3 Procedures prior to transfer
11.11.4 Procedures during transfer
11.11.5 Procedures after transfer
11.12 CYLINDER FILLING
11.12.1 General requirements
11.12.2 Supervision
11.12.3 Leakage check
11.12.4 In-situ filling
11.12.5 Filling at automotive fuel dispensers (Australia only)
11.12.6 Decanting
11.13 FILLING FROM TANKERS TO CYLINDERS OTHER THAN IN-SITU
11.13.1 Application
11.13.2 General requirements
11.13.3 Preliminary safety check
11.13.4 Notices
11.13.5 Tanker egress
11.13.6 Cylinder handling
11.13.7 Separation distances
SECTION 12 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES
12.2.1 Consideration in designing premises
12.2.2 Emergency plan
12.2.2.1 General
12.2.3 Review of emergency plan
12.3 MANIFEST
12.4 PLACARDING
SECTION 13 FIRE SAFETY
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
13.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
13.3.1 Integration with existing facilities
13.3.2 Variations to this Section
13.3.3 Equipment compatibility
13.3.4 Location of firefighting equipment
13.3.5 Variations to requirements
13.4 CYLINDERS
13.4.1 Cylinder storage and use
13.4.2 Cylinder filling areas
13.5 TANK INSTALLATIONS
13.5.1 Site evaluation
13.5.2 Heat protection
13.6 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING INSTALLATIONS
13.7 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
13.7.1 Hydrant system
13.7.2 Hose reels
13.7.3 Water spray system
13.7.4 Monitors
13.7.5 Fire extinguishers
13.7.6 Water supply
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - TANK OR CYLINDER FILLING LEVEL
B1 INTRODUCTION
B2 DETERMINATION OF STANDARD FILLING LEVEL
B2.1 Application
B2.2 Principle
B2.3 Procedure
B3 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY MASS
B3.1 Application
B3.2 Filling procedure
B4 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—STANDARD LIQUID LEVELMETHOD
B4.1 Application
B4.2 Filling procedure
B5 PROCEDURE—FILLING BY VOLUME—TEMPERATURE CORRECTIONMETHOD
B5.1 Application
B5.2 Determination of maximum permitted level
B5.3 Filling procedure
APPENDIX C - APPROXIMATE CAPACITIES OF CYLINDERS FOR LP GAS
APPENDIX D - INDUSTRIAL MOBILE SPACE HEATERS
APPENDIX E - MARKINGS, SIGNS AND NOTICES
E1 TANK SYSTEMS
E1.1 Valve indicators and marking
E1.2 Vaporizer marking
E1.3 Tank data plate
E1.4 Liquid and vapour lines
E2 TANK INSTALLATIONS
E2.1 Emergency shut-down system marking
E2.2 Tank or tank storage area placarding
E2.3 Placard
E2.4 Construction of signs
E3 CYLINDER INSTALLATIONS
E3.1 Liquid withdrawal cylinders
E4 CYLINDER FILLING
E4.1 Notices for cylinder filling
E5 AUTOMOTIVE FILLING STATIONS—VEHICLE FILLING AREAS
E5.1 Precautionary sign
E5.2 Driver instructions
E5.2.1 General
E5.2.2 Driver instruction signs
E5.2.3 Warning sign
E5.2.4 Filling instructions
E5.3 Emergency procedures
APPENDIX F - HAZARDOUS AREAS
APPENDIX G - EXCHANGE FACILITIES FOR PORTABLE CYLINDERS
G1 INTRODUCTION
G2 RESTRICTIONS
G3 LOCATION OF CAGES
G4 SIGNS AND LABELS
G5 PRIVATE TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
APPENDIX H - DISCHARGE CAPACITY OF SAFETY VALVES
H1 INTRODUCTION
H2 TANKS
H3 VAPORIZERS
APPENDIX I - LEAKAGE TESTING OF PIPEWORK
I1 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TANK OR CYLINDER AND FIRST STAGEREGULATOR
I2 ALL OTHER PIPEWORK
I2.1 General
I2.2 Low pressure pipework
I2.3 High pressure pipework
APPENDIX J - DECANTING PROCEDURE
APPENDIX K - EMERGENCY PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
K1 EMERGENCY PLANS
K1.1 General
K1.2 Premises emergency plan
K1.3 Plan for use by emergency services
K1.4 Information to be provided to the emergency services
K2 DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OFEMERGENCY PLANS
APPENDIX L - MOTOR VEHICLE REFUELLING
APPENDIX M - FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M1 INTRODUCTION
M2 ASSUMPTIONS
M3 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
M4 CALCULATION OF FIRE EXPOSURE PROTECTION
M5 EVALUATION
APPENDIX N - FIRE SAFETY
APPENDIX O - TRANSPORT OF PORTABLE LP GAS CYLINDERS
AS/NZS 1596:2008
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