ISO 9806:2013
Solar energy — Solar thermal collectors — Test methods
ISO 9806:2013 specifies test methods for assessing the durability, reliability and safety for fluid heating collectors.
It also includes test methods for the thermal performance characterization of fluid heating collectors, namely steady-state and quasi-dynamic thermal performance of glazed and unglazed liquid heating solar collectors and steady-state thermal performance of glazed and unglazed air heating solar collectors (open to ambient as well as closed loop).
It is also applicable to hybrid collectors generating heat and electric power. However it does not cover electrical safety or other specific properties related to electric power generation.
ISO 9806:2013 is also applicable to collectors using external power sources for normal operation and/or safety purposes.
ISO 9806:2013 is not applicable to those collectors in which the thermal storage unit is an integral part of the collector to such an extent that the collection process cannot be separated from the storage process for the purpose of making measurements of these two processes.
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Section sec_1
Section sec_2
Section sec_3
Section sec_3.1
Section sec_3.2
Section sec_3.3
Section sec_3.4
Section sec_3.5
Section sec_3.6
Section sec_3.7
Section sec_3.8
Section sec_3.9
Section sec_3.10
Section sec_3.11
Section sec_3.12
Section sec_3.13
Section sec_3.14
Section sec_3.15
Section sec_4
Section sec_5
Section sec_5.1
Table tab_1
Section sec_5.2
Section sec_6
Section sec_6.1
Section sec_6.1.1
Section sec_6.1.2
Section sec_6.1.3
Section sec_6.2
Section sec_6.2.1
Section sec_6.3
Section sec_6.3.1
Section sec_6.3.2
Section sec_6.3.3
Section sec_6.3.4
Section sec_6.4
Section sec_7
Section sec_7.1
Section sec_7.2
Table tab_b
Figure fig_1
Section sec_7.3
Section sec_7.4
Section sec_8
Section sec_8.1
Section sec_8.2
Section sec_8.2.1
Section sec_8.2.2
Section sec_8.2.3
Section sec_8.3
Section sec_8.3.1
Section sec_8.4
Section sec_9
Section sec_9.1
Section sec_9.2
Section sec_9.3
Table tab_2
Section sec_9.4
Section sec_10
Section sec_10.1
Table tab_3
Section sec_10.2
Section sec_10.3
Section sec_10.4
Section sec_11
Section sec_11.1
Section sec_11.2
Section sec_11.3
Table tab_4
Section sec_11.3.1
Section sec_11.4
Section sec_12
Section sec_12.1
Section sec_12.2
Section sec_12.3
Section sec_12.4
Section sec_13
Section sec_13.1
Section sec_13.2
Section sec_13.3
Section sec_13.4
Section sec_14
Section sec_14.1
Section sec_14.2
Section sec_14.3
Table tab_c
Figure fig_2
Figure fig_3
Figure fig_4
Section sec_14.4
Section sec_15
Section sec_15.1
Section sec_15.2
Section sec_15.2.1
Section sec_15.2.2
Section sec_15.2.3
Section sec_15.3
Section sec_15.4
Section sec_16
Section sec_16.1
Section sec_16.2
Section sec_16.2.1
Section sec_16.2.2
Section sec_16.2.3
Section sec_16.3
Section sec_16.4
Section sec_17
Section sec_17.1
Section sec_17.2
Section sec_17.3
Section sec_17.4
Section sec_17.4.1
Section sec_17.4.2
Table tab_5
Section sec_17.4.3
Section sec_17.5
Section sec_17.6
Section sec_18
Section sec_19
Section sec_20
Section sec_20.1
Section sec_20.2
Section sec_20.2.1
Section sec_20.2.2
Section sec_20.2.3
Section sec_21
Section sec_21.1
Section sec_21.2
Section sec_21.2.1
Section sec_21.2.2
Section sec_21.2.2.1
Section sec_21.2.2.2
Section sec_21.3
Section sec_21.4
Section sec_21.5
Section sec_21.6
Section sec_21.7
Section sec_21.8
Section sec_21.8.1
Section sec_21.8.2
Section sec_21.8.3
Section sec_22
Section sec_22.1
Section sec_22.1.1
Section sec_22.1.1.1
Section sec_22.1.1.2
Section sec_22.1.1.3
Section sec_22.1.1.4
Section sec_22.1.1.5
Section sec_22.1.1.6
Section sec_22.1.1.7
Section sec_22.2
Section sec_22.2.1
Section sec_22.2.2
Section sec_22.2.3
Section sec_22.2.4
Section sec_22.2.4.1
Section sec_22.2.4.2
Section sec_22.3
Section sec_22.3.1
Section sec_22.3.2
Section sec_22.3.2.1
Section sec_22.3.2.2
Section sec_22.3.2.3
Section sec_22.3.3
Section sec_22.3.3.1
Section sec_22.3.3.2
Section sec_22.3.3.3
Section sec_22.3.3.4
Section sec_22.3.4
Section sec_22.3.4.1
Section sec_22.3.4.2
Section sec_22.4
Section sec_22.4.1
Section sec_22.4.2
Table tab_6
Section sec_22.5
Section sec_22.5.1
Section sec_22.5.2
Section sec_22.5.2.1
Section sec_22.5.2.1.1
Section sec_22.5.2.1.2
Section sec_22.6
Section sec_22.7
Section sec_22.8
Section sec_22.9
Section sec_22.10
Section sec_23
Section sec_23.1
Section sec_23.1.1
Table tab_d
Figure fig_5
Table tab_e
Figure fig_6
Section sec_23.1.2
Section sec_23.1.3
Section sec_23.1.4
Section sec_23.1.5
Section sec_23.2
Section sec_23.2.1
Section sec_23.2.2
Table tab_f
Figure fig_7
Section sec_23.2.3
Table tab_g
Figure fig_8
Section sec_23.2.4
Section sec_23.2.5
Section sec_23.2.6
Section sec_23.2.7
Section sec_23.2.8
Section sec_24
Section sec_24.1
Section sec_24.2
Section sec_24.3
Section sec_24.4
Section sec_24.4.1
Section sec_24.4.2
Section sec_24.4.2.1
Section sec_24.4.2.2
Section sec_24.4.2.3
Section sec_24.4.2.4
Section sec_24.4.3
Section sec_24.5
Section sec_24.5.1
Section sec_24.5.2
Section sec_24.5.3
Section sec_24.5.4
Table tab_7
Section sec_24.5.5
Section sec_24.6
Section sec_24.6.1
Table tab_8
Section sec_24.6.2
Section sec_24.6.2.1
Section sec_24.6.2.2
Section sec_24.6.2.3
Section sec_24.6.3
Section sec_24.7
Section sec_24.7.1
Section sec_24.7.1.1
Table tab_9
Section sec_24.7.2
Section sec_24.7.2.1
Section sec_24.7.2.2
Section sec_24.7.2.3
Section sec_24.7.2.4
Figure fig_9
Figure fig_10
Figure fig_11
Figure fig_12
Section sec_24.8
Section sec_24.8.1
Section sec_24.8.2
Section sec_24.8.3
Section sec_25
Section sec_25.1
Section sec_25.1.1
Section sec_25.1.2
Section sec_25.1.2.1
Section sec_25.1.2.2
Section sec_25.1.3
Section sec_25.1.3.1
Section sec_25.1.3.2
Section sec_25.1.4
Section sec_25.1.4.1
Section sec_25.1.4.2
Section sec_25.1.4.3
Section sec_25.1.4.4
Section sec_25.2
Section sec_25.2.1
Section sec_25.2.2
Section sec_26
Section sec_26.1
Section sec_26.1.1
Section sec_26.1.2
Section sec_26.1.2.1
Section sec_26.1.2.2
Section sec_26.1.2.3
Section sec_26.1.2.4
Section sec_26.1.3
Section sec_26.2
Section sec_26.3
Section sec_26.3.1
Section sec_26.3.2
Table tab_10
Section sec_26.3.3
Section sec_26.4
Section sec_26.4.1
Section sec_26.4.2
Table tab_h
Figure fig_13
Section sec_27
Section sec_27.1
Section sec_27.1.1
Section sec_27.1.2
Table tab_i
Figure fig_14
Section sec_27.1.3
Table tab_j
Figure fig_15
Section sec_27.1.4
Table tab_k
Figure fig_16
Section sec_27.2
Section sec_27.2.1
Section sec_27.2.1.1
Section sec_27.2.1.2
Section sec_27.2.1.3
Section sec_27.2.2
Section sec_27.2.3
Section sec_27.3
Section sec_27.3.1
Section sec_27.3.2
Section sec_27.3.3
Section sec_28
Section sec_28.1
Section sec_28.2
Section sec_28.3
Section sec_28.4
Section sec_28.5
Section sec_28.6
Section sec_28.7
Section sec_28.8
Section sec_28.9
Section sec_28.9.1
Table tab_l
Figure fig_17
Section sec_28.9.2
Section sec_28.9.3
Section sec_28.9.4
Table tab_m
Figure fig_18
Annex sec_A
Annex sec_A.1
Annex sec_A.2
Table tab_A.1
Annex sec_A.3
Annex sec_A.3.1
Annex sec_A.3.2
Annex sec_A.3.3
Annex sec_A.4
Annex sec_A.4.1
Annex sec_A.4.2
Annex sec_A.4.3
Table tab_q
Figure fig_A.1
Table tab_A.2
Annex sec_A.5
Annex sec_A.5.1
Annex sec_A.5.2
Annex sec_A.5.3
Annex sec_A.6
Annex sec_A.6.1
Annex sec_A.6.2
Annex sec_A.6.3
Annex sec_A.6.3.1
Annex sec_A.6.3.2
Annex sec_A.6.3.2.1
Annex sec_A.6.4
Annex sec_A.6.5
Annex sec_A.7
Annex sec_A.7.1
Annex sec_A.7.2
Table tab_A.3
Annex sec_A.7.3
Table tab_A.4
Annex sec_A.7.4
Annex sec_A.8
Annex sec_A.8.1
Annex sec_A.8.1.1
Annex sec_A.8.1.2
Annex sec_A.8.1.3
Annex sec_A.8.2
Annex sec_A.9
Annex sec_A.9.1
Annex sec_A.9.1.1
Annex sec_A.9.1.2
Annex sec_A.9.1.3
Annex sec_A.9.2
Annex sec_A.10
Annex sec_A.10.1
Annex sec_A.10.1.1
Annex sec_A.10.1.2
Annex sec_A.10.2
Annex sec_A.11
Annex sec_A.11.1
Annex sec_A.11.1.1
Annex sec_A.11.1.2
Annex sec_A.11.1.3
Table tab_A.5
Annex sec_A.11.1.4
Annex sec_A.11.1.5
Annex sec_A.11.2
Annex sec_A.12
Annex sec_A.12.1
Annex sec_A.12.1.1
Annex sec_A.12.1.2
Annex sec_A.12.1.3
Annex sec_A.12.2
Annex sec_A.12.2.1
Annex sec_A.12.2.2
Annex sec_A.12.2.3
Annex sec_A.13
Annex sec_A.13.1
Annex sec_A.13.2
Annex sec_A.14
Annex sec_A.14.1
Annex sec_A.14.2
Annex sec_A.15
Annex sec_A.16
Annex sec_A.16.1
Annex sec_A.16.2
Annex sec_A.16.3
Table tab_A.6
Table tab_ab
Figure fig_A.2
Table tab_A.7
Annex sec_A.16.4
Table tab_A.8
Table tab_ac
Figure fig_A.3
Table tab_A.9
Annex sec_A.16.5
Table tab_A.10
Table tab_ad
Figure fig_A.4
Table tab_ae
Figure fig_A.5
Table tab_A.11
Annex sec_A.16.6
Table tab_A.12
Table tab_A.13
Table tab_ag
Figure fig_A.6
Table tab_A.14
Table tab_A.15
Annex sec_A.16.7
Table tab_A.16
Table tab_ah
Figure fig_A.7
Table tab_A.17
Table tab_A.18
Annex sec_A.16.8
Table tab_A.19
Annex sec_B
Annex sec_B.1
Annex sec_B.2
Table tab_aj
Figure fig_B.1
Annex sec_C
Annex sec_C.1
Annex sec_C.2
Annex sec_C.3
Annex sec_C.4
Annex sec_D
Annex sec_D.1
Annex sec_D.2
Annex sec_D.3
Annex sec_E
Table tab_am
Figure fig_E.1
Table tab_an
Figure fig_E.2
Reference ref_1
Reference ref_2
Reference ref_3
Reference ref_4
Reference ref_5
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 General
5.1 Test overview - Sequence of the tests
5.2 Particular aspects of collectors using external power sources and active or passive measures for normal operation and self-protection
6 Internal pressure tests for fluid channels
6.1 Inorganic fluid channels
6.2 Fluid channels made of organic materials (plastics or elastomers)
6.3 Apparatus and procedure
6.4 Results
7 Leakage test (closed loop air heating collectors only)
7.1 Objective
7.2 Apparatus and procedure
7.3 Test conditions
7.4 Results
8 Rupture or collapse test (air heating collectors only)
8.1 Objective
8.2 Apparatus and Procedure
8.3 Test conditions
8.4 Results and reporting
9 High-temperature resistance test
9.1 Objective
9.2 Apparatus and procedure
9.3 Test conditions
9.4 Results
10 Standard stagnation temperature of liquid heating collectors
10.1 General
10.2 Measurement and extrapolation of standard stagnation temperature
10.3 Determining standard stagnation temperature using efficiency parameters
10.4 Results
11 Exposure and pre-exposure test
11.1 Objective
11.2 Apparatus and procedure
11.3 Test conditions
11.4 Results
12 External thermal shock test
12.1 Objective
12.2 Apparatus and procedure
12.3 Test conditions
12.4 Results
13 Internal thermal shock test
13.1 Objective
13.2 Apparatus and procedure
13.3 Test conditions
13.4 Results
14 Rain penetration test
14.1 Objective
14.2 Apparatus and procedure
14.3 Test conditions
14.4 Results
15 Freeze resistance test
15.1 Objective
15.2 Apparatus and procedure
15.3 Test conditions
15.4 Results
16 Mechanical load test with positive or negative pressure
16.1 Objectives
16.2 Apparatus and procedure
16.3 Test conditions
16.4 Results
17 Impact resistance test
17.1 Objective
17.2 Test procedure
17.3 Impact location
17.4 Method 1: Impact resistance test using ice balls
17.5 Method 2: Impact resistance test using steel balls
17.6 Results
18 Final inspection (related to Clauses 5 to 17)
19 Test report (related to Clauses 5 to 18)
20 Performance testing of fluid heating collectors
20.1 General
20.2 Steady-state efficiency test using a solar irradiance simulator
21 Collector mounting and location
21.1 General
21.2 Collector frame
21.3 Tilt angle
21.4 Collector orientation outdoors
21.5 Shading from direct solar irradiance
21.6 Diffuse and reflected solar irradiance
21.7 Thermal irradiance
21.8 Surrounding air speed
22 Instrumentation
22.1 Solar radiation measurement
22.2 Thermal radiation measurement
22.3 Temperature measurements
22.4 Flow rate measurement
22.5 Surrounding air speed measurement
22.6 Elapsed time measurement
22.7 Pressure measurement
22.8 Humidity measurement
22.9 Collector gross area
22.10 Collector fluid capacity
23 Test installation
23.1 Liquid heating collectors
23.2 Air heating collectors
24 Performance test procedures
24.1 General
24.2 Test installation
24.3 Preconditioning of the collector
24.4 Test conditions
24.5 Test procedure
24.6 Measurements
24.7 Test period
24.8 Presentation of results
25 Computation of the collector parameters
25.1 Liquid heating collectors
25.2 Steady-state air heating collectors
26 Determination of the effective thermal capacity and the time constant of a collector
26.1 Measurement of the effective thermal capacity (separate measurement)
26.2 Measurement of the effective thermal capacity (quasi dynamic method)
26.3 Calculation method
26.4 Determination of collector time constant (optional)
27 Determination of incident angle modifier
27.1 Modelling
27.2 Test procedures
27.3 Calculation of collector incidence angle modifier
28 Determination of the pressure drop across a collector (Liquid) (optional)
28.1 General
28.2 Test installation
28.3 Preconditioning of the collector
28.4 Test procedure
28.5 Measurements
28.6 Pressure drop caused by fittings
28.7 Test conditions
28.8 Calculation and presentation of results
28.9 Pressure drop for air collectors
Annex A (normative) Test reports
Annex B (informative) Mathematical models for liquid heating collectors
Annex C (normative) Properties of water
Annex D (informative) General guidelines for the assessment of uncertainty in solar collector efficiency testing
Annex E (informative) Measurement of the velocity weighted mean temperature
Bibliography
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Section sec_1
Section sec_2
Section sec_3
Section sec_3.1
Section sec_3.2
Section sec_3.3
Section sec_3.4
Section sec_3.5
Section sec_3.6
Section sec_3.7
Section sec_3.8
Section sec_3.9
Section sec_3.10
Section sec_3.11
Section sec_3.12
Section sec_3.13
Section sec_3.14
Section sec_3.15
Section sec_4
Section sec_5
Section sec_5.1
Table tab_1
Section sec_5.2
Section sec_6
Section sec_6.1
Section sec_6.1.1
Section sec_6.1.2
Section sec_6.1.3
Section sec_6.2
Section sec_6.2.1
Section sec_6.3
Section sec_6.3.1
Section sec_6.3.2
Section sec_6.3.3
Section sec_6.3.4
Section sec_6.4
Section sec_7
Section sec_7.1
Section sec_7.2
Table tab_b
Figure fig_1
Section sec_7.3
Section sec_7.4
Section sec_8
Section sec_8.1
Section sec_8.2
Section sec_8.2.1
Section sec_8.2.2
Section sec_8.2.3
Section sec_8.3
Section sec_8.3.1
Section sec_8.4
Section sec_9
Section sec_9.1
Section sec_9.2
Section sec_9.3
Table tab_2
Section sec_9.4
Section sec_10
Section sec_10.1
Table tab_3
Section sec_10.2
Section sec_10.3
Section sec_10.4
Section sec_11
Section sec_11.1
Section sec_11.2
Section sec_11.3
Table tab_4
Section sec_11.3.1
Section sec_11.4
Section sec_12
Section sec_12.1
Section sec_12.2
Section sec_12.3
Section sec_12.4
Section sec_13
Section sec_13.1
Section sec_13.2
Section sec_13.3
Section sec_13.4
Section sec_14
Section sec_14.1
Section sec_14.2
Section sec_14.3
Table tab_c
Figure fig_2
Figure fig_3
Figure fig_4
Section sec_14.4
Section sec_15
Section sec_15.1
Section sec_15.2
Section sec_15.2.1
Section sec_15.2.2
Section sec_15.2.3
Section sec_15.3
Section sec_15.4
Section sec_16
Section sec_16.1
Section sec_16.2
Section sec_16.2.1
Section sec_16.2.2
Section sec_16.2.3
Section sec_16.3
Section sec_16.4
Section sec_17
Section sec_17.1
Section sec_17.2
Section sec_17.3
Section sec_17.4
Section sec_17.4.1
Section sec_17.4.2
Table tab_5
Section sec_17.4.3
Section sec_17.5
Section sec_17.6
Section sec_18
Section sec_19
Section sec_20
Section sec_20.1
Section sec_20.2
Section sec_20.2.1
Section sec_20.2.2
Section sec_20.2.3
Section sec_21
Section sec_21.1
Section sec_21.2
Section sec_21.2.1
Section sec_21.2.2
Section sec_21.2.2.1
Section sec_21.2.2.2
Section sec_21.3
Section sec_21.4
Section sec_21.5
Section sec_21.6
Section sec_21.7
Section sec_21.8
Section sec_21.8.1
Section sec_21.8.2
Section sec_21.8.3
Section sec_22
Section sec_22.1
Section sec_22.1.1
Section sec_22.1.1.1
Section sec_22.1.1.2
Section sec_22.1.1.3
Section sec_22.1.1.4
Section sec_22.1.1.5
Section sec_22.1.1.6
Section sec_22.1.1.7
Section sec_22.2
Section sec_22.2.1
Section sec_22.2.2
Section sec_22.2.3
Section sec_22.2.4
Section sec_22.2.4.1
Section sec_22.2.4.2
Section sec_22.3
Section sec_22.3.1
Section sec_22.3.2
Section sec_22.3.2.1
Section sec_22.3.2.2
Section sec_22.3.2.3
Section sec_22.3.3
Section sec_22.3.3.1
Section sec_22.3.3.2
Section sec_22.3.3.3
Section sec_22.3.3.4
Section sec_22.3.4
Section sec_22.3.4.1
Section sec_22.3.4.2
Section sec_22.4
Section sec_22.4.1
Section sec_22.4.2
Table tab_6
Section sec_22.5
Section sec_22.5.1
Section sec_22.5.2
Section sec_22.5.2.1
Section sec_22.5.2.1.1
Section sec_22.5.2.1.2
Section sec_22.6
Section sec_22.7
Section sec_22.8
Section sec_22.9
Section sec_22.10
Section sec_23
Section sec_23.1
Section sec_23.1.1
Table tab_d
Figure fig_5
Table tab_e
Figure fig_6
Section sec_23.1.2
Section sec_23.1.3
Section sec_23.1.4
Section sec_23.1.5
Section sec_23.2
Section sec_23.2.1
Section sec_23.2.2
Table tab_f
Figure fig_7
Section sec_23.2.3
Table tab_g
Figure fig_8
Section sec_23.2.4
Section sec_23.2.5
Section sec_23.2.6
Section sec_23.2.7
Section sec_23.2.8
Section sec_24
Section sec_24.1
Section sec_24.2
Section sec_24.3
Section sec_24.4
Section sec_24.4.1
Section sec_24.4.2
Section sec_24.4.2.1
Section sec_24.4.2.2
Section sec_24.4.2.3
Section sec_24.4.2.4
Section sec_24.4.3
Section sec_24.5
Section sec_24.5.1
Section sec_24.5.2
Section sec_24.5.3
Section sec_24.5.4
Table tab_7
Section sec_24.5.5
Section sec_24.6
Section sec_24.6.1
Table tab_8
Section sec_24.6.2
Section sec_24.6.2.1
Section sec_24.6.2.2
Section sec_24.6.2.3
Section sec_24.6.3
Section sec_24.7
Section sec_24.7.1
Section sec_24.7.1.1
Table tab_9
Section sec_24.7.2
Section sec_24.7.2.1
Section sec_24.7.2.2
Section sec_24.7.2.3
Section sec_24.7.2.4
Figure fig_9
Figure fig_10
Figure fig_11
Figure fig_12
Section sec_24.8
Section sec_24.8.1
Section sec_24.8.2
Section sec_24.8.3
Section sec_25
Section sec_25.1
Section sec_25.1.1
Section sec_25.1.2
Section sec_25.1.2.1
Section sec_25.1.2.2
Section sec_25.1.3
Section sec_25.1.3.1
Section sec_25.1.3.2
Section sec_25.1.4
Section sec_25.1.4.1
Section sec_25.1.4.2
Section sec_25.1.4.3
Section sec_25.1.4.4
Section sec_25.2
Section sec_25.2.1
Section sec_25.2.2
Section sec_26
Section sec_26.1
Section sec_26.1.1
Section sec_26.1.2
Section sec_26.1.2.1
Section sec_26.1.2.2
Section sec_26.1.2.3
Section sec_26.1.2.4
Section sec_26.1.3
Section sec_26.2
Section sec_26.3
Section sec_26.3.1
Section sec_26.3.2
Table tab_10
Section sec_26.3.3
Section sec_26.4
Section sec_26.4.1
Section sec_26.4.2
Table tab_h
Figure fig_13
Section sec_27
Section sec_27.1
Section sec_27.1.1
Section sec_27.1.2
Table tab_i
Figure fig_14
Section sec_27.1.3
Table tab_j
Figure fig_15
Section sec_27.1.4
Table tab_k
Figure fig_16
Section sec_27.2
Section sec_27.2.1
Section sec_27.2.1.1
Section sec_27.2.1.2
Section sec_27.2.1.3
Section sec_27.2.2
Section sec_27.2.3
Section sec_27.3
Section sec_27.3.1
Section sec_27.3.2
Section sec_27.3.3
Section sec_28
Section sec_28.1
Section sec_28.2
Section sec_28.3
Section sec_28.4
Section sec_28.5
Section sec_28.6
Section sec_28.7
Section sec_28.8
Section sec_28.9
Section sec_28.9.1
Table tab_l
Figure fig_17
Section sec_28.9.2
Section sec_28.9.3
Section sec_28.9.4
Table tab_m
Figure fig_18
Annex sec_A
Annex sec_A.1
Annex sec_A.2
Table tab_A.1
Annex sec_A.3
Annex sec_A.3.1
Annex sec_A.3.2
Annex sec_A.3.3
Annex sec_A.4
Annex sec_A.4.1
Annex sec_A.4.2
Annex sec_A.4.3
Table tab_q
Figure fig_A.1
Table tab_A.2
Annex sec_A.5
Annex sec_A.5.1
Annex sec_A.5.2
Annex sec_A.5.3
Annex sec_A.6
Annex sec_A.6.1
Annex sec_A.6.2
Annex sec_A.6.3
Annex sec_A.6.3.1
Annex sec_A.6.3.2
Annex sec_A.6.3.2.1
Annex sec_A.6.4
Annex sec_A.6.5
Annex sec_A.7
Annex sec_A.7.1
Annex sec_A.7.2
Table tab_A.3
Annex sec_A.7.3
Table tab_A.4
Annex sec_A.7.4
Annex sec_A.8
Annex sec_A.8.1
Annex sec_A.8.1.1
Annex sec_A.8.1.2
Annex sec_A.8.1.3
Annex sec_A.8.2
Annex sec_A.9
Annex sec_A.9.1
Annex sec_A.9.1.1
Annex sec_A.9.1.2
Annex sec_A.9.1.3
Annex sec_A.9.2
Annex sec_A.10
Annex sec_A.10.1
Annex sec_A.10.1.1
Annex sec_A.10.1.2
Annex sec_A.10.2
Annex sec_A.11
Annex sec_A.11.1
Annex sec_A.11.1.1
Annex sec_A.11.1.2
Annex sec_A.11.1.3
Table tab_A.5
Annex sec_A.11.1.4
Annex sec_A.11.1.5
Annex sec_A.11.2
Annex sec_A.12
Annex sec_A.12.1
Annex sec_A.12.1.1
Annex sec_A.12.1.2
Annex sec_A.12.1.3
Annex sec_A.12.2
Annex sec_A.12.2.1
Annex sec_A.12.2.2
Annex sec_A.12.2.3
Annex sec_A.13
Annex sec_A.13.1
Annex sec_A.13.2
Annex sec_A.14
Annex sec_A.14.1
Annex sec_A.14.2
Annex sec_A.15
Annex sec_A.16
Annex sec_A.16.1
Annex sec_A.16.2
Annex sec_A.16.3
Table tab_A.6
Table tab_ab
Figure fig_A.2
Table tab_A.7
Annex sec_A.16.4
Table tab_A.8
Table tab_ac
Figure fig_A.3
Table tab_A.9
Annex sec_A.16.5
Table tab_A.10
Table tab_ad
Figure fig_A.4
Table tab_ae
Figure fig_A.5
Table tab_A.11
Annex sec_A.16.6
Table tab_A.12
Table tab_A.13
Table tab_ag
Figure fig_A.6
Table tab_A.14
Table tab_A.15
Annex sec_A.16.7
Table tab_A.16
Table tab_ah
Figure fig_A.7
Table tab_A.17
Table tab_A.18
Annex sec_A.16.8
Table tab_A.19
Annex sec_B
Annex sec_B.1
Annex sec_B.2
Table tab_aj
Figure fig_B.1
Annex sec_C
Annex sec_C.1
Annex sec_C.2
Annex sec_C.3
Annex sec_C.4
Annex sec_D
Annex sec_D.1
Annex sec_D.2
Annex sec_D.3
Annex sec_E
Table tab_am
Figure fig_E.1
Table tab_an
Figure fig_E.2
Reference ref_1
Reference ref_2
Reference ref_3
Reference ref_4
Reference ref_5
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 General
5.1 Test overview - Sequence of the tests
5.2 Particular aspects of collectors using external power sources and active or passive measures for normal operation and self-protection
6 Internal pressure tests for fluid channels
6.1 Inorganic fluid channels
6.2 Fluid channels made of organic materials (plastics or elastomers)
6.3 Apparatus and procedure
6.4 Results
7 Leakage test (closed loop air heating collectors only)
7.1 Objective
7.2 Apparatus and procedure
7.3 Test conditions
7.4 Results
8 Rupture or collapse test (air heating collectors only)
8.1 Objective
8.2 Apparatus and Procedure
8.3 Test conditions
8.4 Results and reporting
9 High-temperature resistance test
9.1 Objective
9.2 Apparatus and procedure
9.3 Test conditions
9.4 Results
10 Standard stagnation temperature of liquid heating collectors
10.1 General
10.2 Measurement and extrapolation of standard stagnation temperature
10.3 Determining standard stagnation temperature using efficiency parameters
10.4 Results
11 Exposure and pre-exposure test
11.1 Objective
11.2 Apparatus and procedure
11.3 Test conditions
11.4 Results
12 External thermal shock test
12.1 Objective
12.2 Apparatus and procedure
12.3 Test conditions
12.4 Results
13 Internal thermal shock test
13.1 Objective
13.2 Apparatus and procedure
13.3 Test conditions
13.4 Results
14 Rain penetration test
14.1 Objective
14.2 Apparatus and procedure
14.3 Test conditions
14.4 Results
15 Freeze resistance test
15.1 Objective
15.2 Apparatus and procedure
15.3 Test conditions
15.4 Results
16 Mechanical load test with positive or negative pressure
16.1 Objectives
16.2 Apparatus and procedure
16.3 Test conditions
16.4 Results
17 Impact resistance test
17.1 Objective
17.2 Test procedure
17.3 Impact location
17.4 Method 1: Impact resistance test using ice balls
17.5 Method 2: Impact resistance test using steel balls
17.6 Results
18 Final inspection (related to Clauses 5 to 17)
19 Test report (related to Clauses 5 to 18)
20 Performance testing of fluid heating collectors
20.1 General
20.2 Steady-state efficiency test using a solar irradiance simulator
21 Collector mounting and location
21.1 General
21.2 Collector frame
21.3 Tilt angle
21.4 Collector orientation outdoors
21.5 Shading from direct solar irradiance
21.6 Diffuse and reflected solar irradiance
21.7 Thermal irradiance
21.8 Surrounding air speed
22 Instrumentation
22.1 Solar radiation measurement
22.2 Thermal radiation measurement
22.3 Temperature measurements
22.4 Flow rate measurement
22.5 Surrounding air speed measurement
22.6 Elapsed time measurement
22.7 Pressure measurement
22.8 Humidity measurement
22.9 Collector gross area
22.10 Collector fluid capacity
23 Test installation
23.1 Liquid heating collectors
23.2 Air heating collectors
24 Performance test procedures
24.1 General
24.2 Test installation
24.3 Preconditioning of the collector
24.4 Test conditions
24.5 Test procedure
24.6 Measurements
24.7 Test period
24.8 Presentation of results
25 Computation of the collector parameters
25.1 Liquid heating collectors
25.2 Steady-state air heating collectors
26 Determination of the effective thermal capacity and the time constant of a collector
26.1 Measurement of the effective thermal capacity (separate measurement)
26.2 Measurement of the effective thermal capacity (quasi dynamic method)
26.3 Calculation method
26.4 Determination of collector time constant (optional)
27 Determination of incident angle modifier
27.1 Modelling
27.2 Test procedures
27.3 Calculation of collector incidence angle modifier
28 Determination of the pressure drop across a collector (Liquid) (optional)
28.1 General
28.2 Test installation
28.3 Preconditioning of the collector
28.4 Test procedure
28.5 Measurements
28.6 Pressure drop caused by fittings
28.7 Test conditions
28.8 Calculation and presentation of results
28.9 Pressure drop for air collectors
Annex A (normative) Test reports
Annex B (informative) Mathematical models for liquid heating collectors
Annex C (normative) Properties of water
Annex D (informative) General guidelines for the assessment of uncertainty in solar collector efficiency testing
Annex E (informative) Measurement of the velocity weighted mean temperature
Bibliography