AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997
Road lighting - Vehicular traffic (Category V) lighting - Guide to design, installation, operation and maintenance
Sets out guidelines for the design, installation, operation and maintenance of lighting systems for roads which require Category V lighting complying with AS/NZS 1158.1.1, i.e. traffic routes, including arterial roads and freeways. It is intended to be read in conjunction with AS/NZS 1158.1.1 and provides background information and advice to assist in the application of the requirements of that Standard.
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AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997 ROAD LIGHTING - VEHICULAR TRAFFIC (CATEGORY V) LIGHTING - GUIDE TO DESIGN, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND....
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 LIGHTING CATEGORIES AND THEIR APPLICATION
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
SECTION 2 WHY WE LIGHT ROADS
2.1 ROAD LIGHTING OBJECTIVES
2.2 ROAD SAFETY
2.3 ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
2.4 SECURITY AND AMENITY
SECTION 3 LIGHTING PRINCIPLES
3.1 VISUAL PROCESSES AND THE LIGHTING NEEDS OF ROAD USERS
3.2 LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS AND LIGHT TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
3.2.1 Basis of road lighting
3.2.2 Light technical parameters
3.3 FACTORS AFFECTING PAVEMENT LUMINANCE
3.4 PAVEMENT REFLECTANCE
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Surface texture
3.4.3 Colour and lightness
3.4.4 Wet pavements
SECTION 4 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
4.3 DEVELOPMENT OF WARRANTS
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Factors to be considered in developing warrants
4.3.3 Economic considerations
4.4 GENERALIZED WARRANTS FOR TRAFFIC ROUTE LIGHTING
4.5 WARRANTS FOR LIGHTING ISOLATED INTERSECTIONS
4.5.1 General provision
4.5.2 Special conditions
4.6 WARRANTS FOR FREEWAY LIGHTING
4.6.1 Application
4.6.2 General justification for lighting
4.6.3 Freeways in urban areas
4.6.4 Freeways in rural areas
4.7 WARRANTS FOR SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING AT PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS
4.7.1 General provision
4.7.2 Special cases
4.8 FUNDING ARRANGEMENTS
4.9 LIGHTING TARIFFS
4.10 THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
4.11 STANDARDS
SECTION 5 EQUIPMENT
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 LAMPS
5.3 ROAD LIGHTING LUMINAIRES
5.4 BRACKET ARMS AND POLES
5.4.1 Dimensions
5.4.2 Pole types
5.4.3 Combination traffic signal mast arm and joint-use road lighting poles
SECTION 6 DESIGN PROCESS
6.1 GENERAL
6.2 SIMPLIFIED ROAD LIGHTING PROCESS
6.3 FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
6.3.1 Steps involved in process
6.3.2 Design brief checklist
6.3.3 Site inspection checklist
SECTION 7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 ROAD SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Pole positions
7.2.3 Pole setback
7.2.4 Pole type
7.2.5 Curves
7.2.6 Roundabouts
7.2.7 Delineation
7.2.8 Joint-use traffic signal mast arms and joint-use lighting poles
7.3 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
7.4 WEATHER CONDITIONS
7.4.1 Effects on visibility
7.4.2 Means of improving visibility
7.5 REFLECTING PROPERTIES OF ROAD SURFACES
7.6 ROAD LAYOUT
7.7 ROADWAY FEATURES
7.8 SURROUNDING BACKGROUNDS TO ROAD
7.9 VISIBILITY OF ROAD SIGNS
7.10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
7.11 AESTHETICS
SECTION 8 DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 INSTALLATION GEOMETRY
8.1.1 Required data
8.1.2 Carriageway lighting design width
8.1.3 Mounting height (H)
8.1.4 Overhang
8.2 LIGHTING ARRANGEMENTS (ARRs)
8.3 MEDIAN BARRIERS
8.4 MEDIAN
8.5 CURVES AND BENDS
8.6 ROUNDABOUTS
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter less than 6 m
8.6.3 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 6 m and 40m
8.6.4 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 40 m and 60 m
8.6.5 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter greater than 60 m
8.6.6 Road lighting poles located outside the roundabout
8.6.7 Road lighting poles located at conflict areas
8.7 CRESTS AND HUMPS
8.7.1 Visibility problems
8.7.2 General recommendations
8.7.3 Glare at crests from luminaires
8.8 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
8.8.1 Influence on light technical parameters
8.8.2 Tree management policies
8.8.3 Carriageway lighting design width
8.8.4 Mounting height and arrangement
8.8.5 Spacing
8.9 SHORT BRIDGES, UNDERPASSES AND SHORT TUNNELS
8.9.1 Short bridges
8.9.2 Underpasses and short tunnels
8.10 ORIENTATION OF LUMINAIRES
8.11 TERMINATION OF ROAD LIGHTING
SECTION 9 DESIGN METHODS
9.1 GENERAL
9.2 COMPUTER DESIGN
9.3 USE OF COMPUTER-GENERATED DESIGN AIDS
9.3.1 Spacing tables
9.3.2 Performance tables
9.3.3 Isolux diagrams
9.4 USE OF CURVE SPACING CHART
SECTION 10 DESIGN OF INSTALLATION
10.1 PROCEDURES USED IN LIGHTING DESIGN
10.2 MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
10.3 LIGHTING LAYOUTS
10.3.1 Recommended lighting layouts
10.3.2 Factors influencing the lighting layout
10.3.3 Evaluation of alternative layouts
10.4 ELECTRICAL DESIGN
10.5 CIVIL/STRUCTURAL WORKS
10.6 LIGHTING DESIGN AUDIT
SECTION 11 DOCUMENTATION
11.1 EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE
11.2 PLANS AND SCHEDULES
11.3 ESTIMATES AND MATERIAL LISTS
SECTION 12 INSTALLATION
12.1 STANDARDS, REGULATIONS AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS
12.2 INSTALLATION AUDIT
12.2.1 Audit process
12.2.2 Audit check list
SECTION 13 OPERATION
13.1 HOURS OF OPERATION
13.2 SWITCHING CONTROL
SECTION 14 MAINTENANCE
14.1 GENERAL PURPOSE
14.2 FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE
14.3 LAMP OUTAGES
14.3.1 General
14.3.2 Lamp failures
14.3.3 Photoelectric (PE) cell failure
14.4 LAMP AND LUMINAIRE DEPRECIATION
14.4.1 Lamp depreciation
14.4.2 Luminaire depreciation
14.4.3 Allowances for lamp and luminaire depreciation
14.5 THE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
14.5.1 Maintenance activities
14.5.2 Outage detection and service availability requirements
14.5.3 Lamp replacement and disposal
14.5.4 Luminaire cleaning and inspection
14.5.5 Vegetation management
14.5.6 Inspection, test, repair and replacement of equipment (other than lamps and luminaires)
14.5.7 Condition monitoring
14.5.8 Maintenance records and performance review
14.5.9 Modification of the maintenance program
APPENDIX A - REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS
A1 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
A2 RELATED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - GUIDELINES FOR THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
B1 SCOPE
B2 APPLICATION
B3 DEFINITIONS
B3.1 High pedestrian activity areas
B3.2 Other pedestrian activity areas
B3.3 Overhead line
B3.4 Rigid concrete median barrier
B3.5 Road lighting pole
B3.6 Pole setback
B3.7 Speed limit
B3.8 Pole setback zone
B3.9 85th percentile speed
B4 POLE CHARACTERISTICS
B4.1 Rigid poles
B4.2 Frangible poles
B5 POLE SELECTION
B6 POLE SETBACK ZONES
B6.1 General
B6.2 Straight sections
B6.3 Curves and bends
B6.4 Verges at intersections
B6.5 Islands, medians, splitters and separators
B6.6 Roundabout central islands
B6.7 Concrete median barrier
B6.8 Guard fence
B6.9 Non-traversable permanent obstructions
B7 WORKED EXAMPLES OF POLE SETBACK ZONES
B7.1 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits not exceeding 70 km/h
B7.2 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits exceeding 70 km/h
APPENDIX C - THE PROBLEM OF NIGHT ROAD ACCIDENTS AND ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
C1 INTRODUCTION
C2 ROAD ACCIDENTS AT NIGHT
C3 REASONS FOR HIGHER NIGHT ACCIDENT RATE
C4 ROAD LIGHTING - A SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
C5 THE INFLUENCE OF THE QUALITY OF THE LIGHTING
C6 COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ROAD LIGHTING
C7 CONCLUSION
APPENDIX D - TYPICAL FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
APPENDIX E - ABBREVIATED LIGHTING DESIGN BRIEF
APPENDIX F - RECOMMENDED LIGHTING LAYOUTS FOR SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
APPENDIX G - MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
APPENDIX H - TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES SHOWING LAMP MORTALITY AND LUMEN DEPRECIATION
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AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997 ROAD LIGHTING - VEHICULAR TRAFFIC (CATEGORY V) LIGHTING - GUIDE TO DESIGN, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND....
PREFACE
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 LIGHTING CATEGORIES AND THEIR APPLICATION
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.4 DEFINITIONS
SECTION 2 WHY WE LIGHT ROADS
2.1 ROAD LIGHTING OBJECTIVES
2.2 ROAD SAFETY
2.3 ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
2.4 SECURITY AND AMENITY
SECTION 3 LIGHTING PRINCIPLES
3.1 VISUAL PROCESSES AND THE LIGHTING NEEDS OF ROAD USERS
3.2 LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS AND LIGHT TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
3.2.1 Basis of road lighting
3.2.2 Light technical parameters
3.3 FACTORS AFFECTING PAVEMENT LUMINANCE
3.4 PAVEMENT REFLECTANCE
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Surface texture
3.4.3 Colour and lightness
3.4.4 Wet pavements
SECTION 4 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
4.3 DEVELOPMENT OF WARRANTS
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Factors to be considered in developing warrants
4.3.3 Economic considerations
4.4 GENERALIZED WARRANTS FOR TRAFFIC ROUTE LIGHTING
4.5 WARRANTS FOR LIGHTING ISOLATED INTERSECTIONS
4.5.1 General provision
4.5.2 Special conditions
4.6 WARRANTS FOR FREEWAY LIGHTING
4.6.1 Application
4.6.2 General justification for lighting
4.6.3 Freeways in urban areas
4.6.4 Freeways in rural areas
4.7 WARRANTS FOR SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING AT PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS
4.7.1 General provision
4.7.2 Special cases
4.8 FUNDING ARRANGEMENTS
4.9 LIGHTING TARIFFS
4.10 THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
4.11 STANDARDS
SECTION 5 EQUIPMENT
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 LAMPS
5.3 ROAD LIGHTING LUMINAIRES
5.4 BRACKET ARMS AND POLES
5.4.1 Dimensions
5.4.2 Pole types
5.4.3 Combination traffic signal mast arm and joint-use road lighting poles
SECTION 6 DESIGN PROCESS
6.1 GENERAL
6.2 SIMPLIFIED ROAD LIGHTING PROCESS
6.3 FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
6.3.1 Steps involved in process
6.3.2 Design brief checklist
6.3.3 Site inspection checklist
SECTION 7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 ROAD SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Pole positions
7.2.3 Pole setback
7.2.4 Pole type
7.2.5 Curves
7.2.6 Roundabouts
7.2.7 Delineation
7.2.8 Joint-use traffic signal mast arms and joint-use lighting poles
7.3 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
7.4 WEATHER CONDITIONS
7.4.1 Effects on visibility
7.4.2 Means of improving visibility
7.5 REFLECTING PROPERTIES OF ROAD SURFACES
7.6 ROAD LAYOUT
7.7 ROADWAY FEATURES
7.8 SURROUNDING BACKGROUNDS TO ROAD
7.9 VISIBILITY OF ROAD SIGNS
7.10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
7.11 AESTHETICS
SECTION 8 DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 INSTALLATION GEOMETRY
8.1.1 Required data
8.1.2 Carriageway lighting design width
8.1.3 Mounting height (H)
8.1.4 Overhang
8.2 LIGHTING ARRANGEMENTS (ARRs)
8.3 MEDIAN BARRIERS
8.4 MEDIAN
8.5 CURVES AND BENDS
8.6 ROUNDABOUTS
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter less than 6 m
8.6.3 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 6 m and 40m
8.6.4 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 40 m and 60 m
8.6.5 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter greater than 60 m
8.6.6 Road lighting poles located outside the roundabout
8.6.7 Road lighting poles located at conflict areas
8.7 CRESTS AND HUMPS
8.7.1 Visibility problems
8.7.2 General recommendations
8.7.3 Glare at crests from luminaires
8.8 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
8.8.1 Influence on light technical parameters
8.8.2 Tree management policies
8.8.3 Carriageway lighting design width
8.8.4 Mounting height and arrangement
8.8.5 Spacing
8.9 SHORT BRIDGES, UNDERPASSES AND SHORT TUNNELS
8.9.1 Short bridges
8.9.2 Underpasses and short tunnels
8.10 ORIENTATION OF LUMINAIRES
8.11 TERMINATION OF ROAD LIGHTING
SECTION 9 DESIGN METHODS
9.1 GENERAL
9.2 COMPUTER DESIGN
9.3 USE OF COMPUTER-GENERATED DESIGN AIDS
9.3.1 Spacing tables
9.3.2 Performance tables
9.3.3 Isolux diagrams
9.4 USE OF CURVE SPACING CHART
SECTION 10 DESIGN OF INSTALLATION
10.1 PROCEDURES USED IN LIGHTING DESIGN
10.2 MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
10.3 LIGHTING LAYOUTS
10.3.1 Recommended lighting layouts
10.3.2 Factors influencing the lighting layout
10.3.3 Evaluation of alternative layouts
10.4 ELECTRICAL DESIGN
10.5 CIVIL/STRUCTURAL WORKS
10.6 LIGHTING DESIGN AUDIT
SECTION 11 DOCUMENTATION
11.1 EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE
11.2 PLANS AND SCHEDULES
11.3 ESTIMATES AND MATERIAL LISTS
SECTION 12 INSTALLATION
12.1 STANDARDS, REGULATIONS AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS
12.2 INSTALLATION AUDIT
12.2.1 Audit process
12.2.2 Audit check list
SECTION 13 OPERATION
13.1 HOURS OF OPERATION
13.2 SWITCHING CONTROL
SECTION 14 MAINTENANCE
14.1 GENERAL PURPOSE
14.2 FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE
14.3 LAMP OUTAGES
14.3.1 General
14.3.2 Lamp failures
14.3.3 Photoelectric (PE) cell failure
14.4 LAMP AND LUMINAIRE DEPRECIATION
14.4.1 Lamp depreciation
14.4.2 Luminaire depreciation
14.4.3 Allowances for lamp and luminaire depreciation
14.5 THE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
14.5.1 Maintenance activities
14.5.2 Outage detection and service availability requirements
14.5.3 Lamp replacement and disposal
14.5.4 Luminaire cleaning and inspection
14.5.5 Vegetation management
14.5.6 Inspection, test, repair and replacement of equipment (other than lamps and luminaires)
14.5.7 Condition monitoring
14.5.8 Maintenance records and performance review
14.5.9 Modification of the maintenance program
APPENDIX A - REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS
A1 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
A2 RELATED DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B - GUIDELINES FOR THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
B1 SCOPE
B2 APPLICATION
B3 DEFINITIONS
B3.1 High pedestrian activity areas
B3.2 Other pedestrian activity areas
B3.3 Overhead line
B3.4 Rigid concrete median barrier
B3.5 Road lighting pole
B3.6 Pole setback
B3.7 Speed limit
B3.8 Pole setback zone
B3.9 85th percentile speed
B4 POLE CHARACTERISTICS
B4.1 Rigid poles
B4.2 Frangible poles
B5 POLE SELECTION
B6 POLE SETBACK ZONES
B6.1 General
B6.2 Straight sections
B6.3 Curves and bends
B6.4 Verges at intersections
B6.5 Islands, medians, splitters and separators
B6.6 Roundabout central islands
B6.7 Concrete median barrier
B6.8 Guard fence
B6.9 Non-traversable permanent obstructions
B7 WORKED EXAMPLES OF POLE SETBACK ZONES
B7.1 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits not exceeding 70 km/h
B7.2 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits exceeding 70 km/h
APPENDIX C - THE PROBLEM OF NIGHT ROAD ACCIDENTS AND ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
C1 INTRODUCTION
C2 ROAD ACCIDENTS AT NIGHT
C3 REASONS FOR HIGHER NIGHT ACCIDENT RATE
C4 ROAD LIGHTING - A SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
C5 THE INFLUENCE OF THE QUALITY OF THE LIGHTING
C6 COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ROAD LIGHTING
C7 CONCLUSION
APPENDIX D - TYPICAL FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
APPENDIX E - ABBREVIATED LIGHTING DESIGN BRIEF
APPENDIX F - RECOMMENDED LIGHTING LAYOUTS FOR SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
APPENDIX G - MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
APPENDIX H - TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES SHOWING LAMP MORTALITY AND LUMEN DEPRECIATION
Previous versions
AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997
Online Library subscription information
Online library subscriptions provide a cost-effective solution for organisations of any size to access the latest standards, offering 24/7 access to a personalised catalogue. The service ensures subscribers have have the most up-to-date version of selected standards, incluing automatic updates for any amendments or versions. Pricing is dependent on the chosen standards and the number of concurrent users, with discounts applied from the standards PDF price. For customised subscriptions or further inquiries, contact the Online Library team.