ISO/TS 18220:2016
Water quality — Larval development test with the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes
ISO/TS 18220:2016 specifies an early-life stage procedure for determination of the toxic effects of chemicals and water samples on a cold-water brackish water copepod species under semi-static conditions. The biological test variables include survival and development of the early-life stages. The exposure starts with newly hatched (<24 h) nauplii (larvae) and is continued until emergence of (c. 50 %) copepodites (juveniles) in the control.
The benthic living Nitocra complements the planktonic Acartia species in ISO 16778. These organisms represent different life-history strategies as Nitocra is egg-carrying, whereas Acartia is a broadcasting calanoid copepod and thus, different sensitivities of specific life stages. Nitocra is a fresh to brackish water species, which allows testing low salinity waters and is complementary to A. tonsa, which is of marine origin and poorly tolerates low salinities.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Principle
4 Reagents
5 Cultivation
5.1 Test organism
5.2 Algae for feeding
6 Apparatus
7 Procedure
7.1 Production of nauplii to be used in test
7.2 Choice of test concentrations
7.2.1 Hypothesis testing
7.2.2 Regression analysis
7.3 Preparation of solutions to be used in test
7.3.1 Stock solution
7.3.2 Test solutions
7.4 Start of test
7.5 Incubation/exposure
7.6 Maintenance
7.7 Measurements/observations
7.7.1 Mortality
7.7.2 Larval development ratio (LDR)
7.7.3 Physical-chemical parameters — oxygen, pH and salinity
7.7.4 Concentration of the test substance
8 Validity criteria
9 Evaluation of results
9.1 Calculation of results
9.2 Expression of results
9.3 Interpretation of results
10 Reproducibility
11 Test report
Annex A (informative) Biology and cultivation of Nitocra spinipes
Annex B (informative) Nitocra spinipes larval development ratio
Annex C (informative) Calculations
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Principle
4 Reagents
5 Cultivation
5.1 Test organism
5.2 Algae for feeding
6 Apparatus
7 Procedure
7.1 Production of nauplii to be used in test
7.2 Choice of test concentrations
7.2.1 Hypothesis testing
7.2.2 Regression analysis
7.3 Preparation of solutions to be used in test
7.3.1 Stock solution
7.3.2 Test solutions
7.4 Start of test
7.5 Incubation/exposure
7.6 Maintenance
7.7 Measurements/observations
7.7.1 Mortality
7.7.2 Larval development ratio (LDR)
7.7.3 Physical-chemical parameters — oxygen, pH and salinity
7.7.4 Concentration of the test substance
8 Validity criteria
9 Evaluation of results
9.1 Calculation of results
9.2 Expression of results
9.3 Interpretation of results
10 Reproducibility
11 Test report
Annex A (informative) Biology and cultivation of Nitocra spinipes
Annex B (informative) Nitocra spinipes larval development ratio
Annex C (informative) Calculations
Bibliography