ISO/TR 9241-380:2022
Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 380: Survey result of HMD (Head-Mounted Displays) characteristics related to human-system interaction
This document provides information based on a study of the characteristics of head-mounted displays (HMDs) regarding the ergonomics of human–system interaction. Although this document covers the broad range of ergonomics issues that arise, it specifically provides more-detailed information about the visual aspects of the interaction, and it provides information that could form the basis for future possible standards related to HMDs.
NOTE: It is preferable to take systematic approach to consider characteristics of HMD, since HMD affects a viewer not only by visual aspects, but also by some other physical aspects.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Head-mounted displays (HMDs)
5 Categories of HMDs
5.1 General
5.2 Categorized by virtual image
5.2.1 VR type
5.2.2 AR type
5.2.3 MR type
5.3 Categorized by virtual image formation
5.3.1 Imaging display and optics
5.3.2 Scanning type
5.3.3 Light field fype
5.3.4 Holographic display with waveguide type
5.4 Categorized by ocularity
5.4.1 Binocular
5.4.2 Biocular
5.4.3 Monocular
5.5 Categorized by physical configuration
5.5.1 Eyeglasses type
5.5.2 Placed on eyeglasses
5.5.3 Frame plus optical device
5.5.4 Goggles
5.5.5 Smart phone with box
5.5.6 Helmet mounted
5.6 Categorized by system configuration
5.6.1 Wireless HMD (standalone)
5.6.2 Smart phone with special optics
5.6.3 Wired HMD
5.7 Categorized by physical input devices for HMD system
5.7.1 HMD System without external physical input devices
5.7.2 HMD System with external physical input devices
6 HMD human-system interaction characteristics
6.1 Optical characteristics
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Distance between eyes
6.1.3 Distortion and aberration
6.1.4 Inter-Ocular optical properties
6.1.5 For AR/MR
6.1.6 For AR
6.1.7 For AR, video see-through properties
6.1.8 For light field display
6.2 HMD system-related characteristics
6.2.1 Time delay of HMD system (latency)
6.2.2 Degree of freedom
6.3 Other characteristics of HMD
6.3.1 Physical properties
6.3.2 Alignment
6.4 Physical conditions of a viewer
6.4.1 Age
6.4.2 Habituation
6.4.3 Preference
6.4.4 Duration
6.4.5 Posture of a user
6.5 Presence and immersion
7 Visual induced motion sickness (VIMS)
7.1 General
7.2 SSQ
7.3 VIMS related factors
8 Consideration
Annex A (informative) Visual Fatigue and Discomfort
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Head-mounted displays (HMDs)
5 Categories of HMDs
5.1 General
5.2 Categorized by virtual image
5.2.1 VR type
5.2.2 AR type
5.2.3 MR type
5.3 Categorized by virtual image formation
5.3.1 Imaging display and optics
5.3.2 Scanning type
5.3.3 Light field fype
5.3.4 Holographic display with waveguide type
5.4 Categorized by ocularity
5.4.1 Binocular
5.4.2 Biocular
5.4.3 Monocular
5.5 Categorized by physical configuration
5.5.1 Eyeglasses type
5.5.2 Placed on eyeglasses
5.5.3 Frame plus optical device
5.5.4 Goggles
5.5.5 Smart phone with box
5.5.6 Helmet mounted
5.6 Categorized by system configuration
5.6.1 Wireless HMD (standalone)
5.6.2 Smart phone with special optics
5.6.3 Wired HMD
5.7 Categorized by physical input devices for HMD system
5.7.1 HMD System without external physical input devices
5.7.2 HMD System with external physical input devices
6 HMD human-system interaction characteristics
6.1 Optical characteristics
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Distance between eyes
6.1.3 Distortion and aberration
6.1.4 Inter-Ocular optical properties
6.1.5 For AR/MR
6.1.6 For AR
6.1.7 For AR, video see-through properties
6.1.8 For light field display
6.2 HMD system-related characteristics
6.2.1 Time delay of HMD system (latency)
6.2.2 Degree of freedom
6.3 Other characteristics of HMD
6.3.1 Physical properties
6.3.2 Alignment
6.4 Physical conditions of a viewer
6.4.1 Age
6.4.2 Habituation
6.4.3 Preference
6.4.4 Duration
6.4.5 Posture of a user
6.5 Presence and immersion
7 Visual induced motion sickness (VIMS)
7.1 General
7.2 SSQ
7.3 VIMS related factors
8 Consideration
Annex A (informative) Visual Fatigue and Discomfort
Bibliography