ISO/IEC 23008-2:2013
Information technology — High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments — Part 2: High efficiency video coding
ISO/IEC 23008-2:2013 specifies high efficiency video coding. It was developed in response to the growing need for higher compression of moving pictures for various applications such as videoconferencing, digital storage media, television broadcasting, internet streaming, and communications. It is also designed to enable the use of the coded video representation in a flexible manner for a wide variety of network environments as well as to enable the use of multi-core parallel encoding and decoding devices. The use of ISO/IEC 23008-2:2013 allows motion video to be manipulated as a form of computer data and to be stored on various storage media, transmitted and received over existing and future networks and distributed on existing and future broadcasting channels.
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Introduction
General
Prologue
Purpose
Applications
Publication and versions of this Specification
Profiles, tiers and levels
Overview of the design characteristics
How to read this Specification
Scope
Normative references
General
Identical Recommendations | International Standards
Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent
Additional references
Definitions
Abbreviations
Conventions
General
Arithmetic operators
Logical operators
Relational operators
Bit-wise operators
Assignment operators
Range notation
Mathematical functions
Order of operation precedence
Variables, syntax elements, and tables
Text description of logical operations
Processes
Bitstream and picture formats, partitionings, scanning proce
Bitstream formats
Source, decoded, and output picture formats
Partitioning of pictures, slices, slice segments, tiles, cod
Partitioning of pictures into slices, slice segments, and ti
Block and quadtree structures
Spatial or component-wise partionings
Availability processes
Derivation process for z-scan order block availability
Derivation process for prediction block availability
Scanning processes
Coding tree block raster and tile scanning conversion proces
Z-scan order array initialization process
Up-right diagonal scan order array initialization process
Horizontal scan order array initialization process
Vertical scan order array initialization process
Syntax and semantics
Method of specifying syntax in tabular form
Specification of syntax functions and descriptors
Syntax in tabular form
NAL unit syntax
General NAL unit syntax
NAL unit header syntax
Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignmen
Video parameter set RBSP syntax
Sequence parameter set RBSP syntax
Picture parameter set RBSP syntax
Supplemental enhancement information RBSP syntax
Access unit delimiter RBSP syntax
End of sequence RBSP syntax
End of bitstream RBSP syntax
Filler data RBSP syntax
Slice segment layer RBSP syntax
RBSP slice segment trailing bits syntax
RBSP trailing bits syntax
Byte alignment syntax
Profile, tier and level syntax
Scaling list data syntax
Supplemental enhancement information message syntax
Slice segment header syntax
General slice segment header syntax
Reference picture list modification syntax
Weighted prediction parameters syntax
Short-term reference picture set syntax
Slice segment data syntax
General slice segment data syntax
Coding tree unit syntax
Sample adaptive offset syntax
Coding quadtree syntax
Coding unit syntax
Prediction unit syntax
PCM sample syntax
Transform tree syntax
Motion vector difference syntax
Transform unit syntax
Residual coding syntax
Semantics
General
NAL unit semantics
General NAL unit semantics
NAL unit header semantics
Encapsulation of an SODB within an RBSP (informative)
Order of NAL units and association to coded pictures, access
General
Order of VPS, SPS and PPS RBSPs and their activation
Order of access units and association to CVSs
Order of NAL units and coded pictures and their association
Order of VCL NAL units and association to coded pictures
Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignmen
Video parameter set RBSP semantics
Sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
Picture parameter set RBSP semantics
Supplemental enhancement information RBSP semantics
Access unit delimiter RBSP semantics
End of sequence RBSP semantics
End of bitstream RBSP semantics
Filler data RBSP semantics
Slice segment layer RBSP semantics
RBSP slice segment trailing bits semantics
RBSP trailing bits semantics
Byte alignment semantics
Profile, tier and level semantics
Scaling list data semantics
Supplemental enhancement information message semantics
Slice segment header semantics
General slice segment header semantics
Reference picture list modification semantics
Weighted prediction parameters semantics
Short-term reference picture set semantics
Slice segment data semantics
General slice segment data semantics
Coding tree unit semantics
Sample adaptive offset semantics
Coding quadtree semantics
Coding unit semantics
Prediction unit semantics
PCM sample semantics
Transform tree semantics
Motion vector difference semantics
Transform unit semantics
Residual coding semantics
Decoding process
General decoding process
NAL unit decoding process
Slice decoding process
Decoding process for picture order count
Decoding process for reference picture set
Decoding process for generating unavailable reference pictur
General decoding process for generating unavailable referenc
Generation of one unavailable picture
Decoding process for reference picture lists construction
Decoding process for coding units coded in intra prediction
General decoding process for coding units coded in intra pre
Derivation process for luma intra prediction mode
Derivation process for chroma intra prediction mode
Decoding process for intra blocks
General decoding process for intra blocks
Intra sample prediction
General intra sample prediction
Reference sample substitution process for intra sample predi
Filtering process of neighbouring samples
Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_PLANAR
Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_DC
Specification of intra prediction mode in the range of INTRA
Decoding process for coding units coded in inter prediction
General decoding process for coding units coded in inter pre
Inter prediction process
Decoding process for prediction units in inter prediction mo
General
Derivation process for motion vector components and referenc
Derivation process for luma motion vectors for merge mode
Derivation process for spatial merging candidates
Derivation process for combined bi-predictive merging candid
Derivation process for zero motion vector merging candidates
Derivation process for luma motion vector prediction
Derivation process for motion vector predictor candidates
Derivation process for temporal luma motion vector predictio
Derivation process for collocated motion vectors
Derivation process for chroma motion vectors
Decoding process for inter prediction samples
General
Reference picture selection process
Fractional sample interpolation process
General
Luma sample interpolation process
Chroma sample interpolation process
Weighted sample prediction process
General
Default weighted sample prediction process
Explicit weighted sample prediction process
Decoding process for the residual signal of coding units cod
General
Decoding process for luma residual blocks
Decoding process for chroma residual blocks
Scaling, transformation and array construction process prior
Derivation process for quantization parameters
Scaling and transformation process
Scaling process for transform coefficients
Transformation process for scaled transform coefficients
General
Transformation process
Picture construction process prior to in-loop filter process
In-loop filter process
General
Deblocking filter process
General
Derivation process of transform block boundary
Derivation process of prediction block boundary
Derivation process of boundary filtering strength
Edge filtering process
Vertical edge filtering process
Horizontal edge filtering process
Decision process for luma block edges
Filtering process for luma block edges
Filtering process for chroma block edges
Decision process for a luma sample
Filtering process for a luma sample
Filtering process for a chroma sample
Sample adaptive offset process
General
Coding tree block modification process
Parsing process
General
Parsing process for 0-th order Exp-Golomb codes
General
Mapping process for signed Exp-Golomb codes
CABAC parsing process for slice segment data
General
Initialization process
General
Initialization process for context variables
Storage process for context variables
Synchronization process for context variables
Initialization process for the arithmetic decoding engine
Binarization process
General
Truncated Rice (TR) binarization process
k-th order Exp-Golomb (EGk) binarization process
Fixed-length (FL) binarization process
Binarization process for part_mode
Binarization process for intra_chroma_pred_mode
Binarization process for inter_pred_idc
Binarization process for cu_qp_delta_abs
Binarization process for coeff_abs_level_remaining
Decoding process flow
General
Derivation process for ctxTable, ctxIdx and bypassFlag
General
Derivation process of ctxInc using left and above syntax ele
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax elements last_si
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coded_su
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element sig_coef
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_ab
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_ab
Arithmetic decoding process
General
Arithmetic decoding process for a binary decision
General
State transition process
Renormalization process in the arithmetic decoding engine
Bypass decoding process for binary decisions
Decoding process for binary decisions before termination
Arithmetic encoding process (informative)
General
Initialization process for the arithmetic encoding engine (i
Encoding process for a binary decision (informative)
Renormalization process in the arithmetic encoding engine (i
Bypass encoding process for binary decisions (informative)
Encoding process for a binary decision before termination (i
Byte stuffing process (informative)
Sub-bitstream extraction process
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Introduction
General
Prologue
Purpose
Applications
Publication and versions of this Specification
Profiles, tiers and levels
Overview of the design characteristics
How to read this Specification
Scope
Normative references
General
Identical Recommendations | International Standards
Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent
Additional references
Definitions
Abbreviations
Conventions
General
Arithmetic operators
Logical operators
Relational operators
Bit-wise operators
Assignment operators
Range notation
Mathematical functions
Order of operation precedence
Variables, syntax elements, and tables
Text description of logical operations
Processes
Bitstream and picture formats, partitionings, scanning proce
Bitstream formats
Source, decoded, and output picture formats
Partitioning of pictures, slices, slice segments, tiles, cod
Partitioning of pictures into slices, slice segments, and ti
Block and quadtree structures
Spatial or component-wise partionings
Availability processes
Derivation process for z-scan order block availability
Derivation process for prediction block availability
Scanning processes
Coding tree block raster and tile scanning conversion proces
Z-scan order array initialization process
Up-right diagonal scan order array initialization process
Horizontal scan order array initialization process
Vertical scan order array initialization process
Syntax and semantics
Method of specifying syntax in tabular form
Specification of syntax functions and descriptors
Syntax in tabular form
NAL unit syntax
General NAL unit syntax
NAL unit header syntax
Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignmen
Video parameter set RBSP syntax
Sequence parameter set RBSP syntax
Picture parameter set RBSP syntax
Supplemental enhancement information RBSP syntax
Access unit delimiter RBSP syntax
End of sequence RBSP syntax
End of bitstream RBSP syntax
Filler data RBSP syntax
Slice segment layer RBSP syntax
RBSP slice segment trailing bits syntax
RBSP trailing bits syntax
Byte alignment syntax
Profile, tier and level syntax
Scaling list data syntax
Supplemental enhancement information message syntax
Slice segment header syntax
General slice segment header syntax
Reference picture list modification syntax
Weighted prediction parameters syntax
Short-term reference picture set syntax
Slice segment data syntax
General slice segment data syntax
Coding tree unit syntax
Sample adaptive offset syntax
Coding quadtree syntax
Coding unit syntax
Prediction unit syntax
PCM sample syntax
Transform tree syntax
Motion vector difference syntax
Transform unit syntax
Residual coding syntax
Semantics
General
NAL unit semantics
General NAL unit semantics
NAL unit header semantics
Encapsulation of an SODB within an RBSP (informative)
Order of NAL units and association to coded pictures, access
General
Order of VPS, SPS and PPS RBSPs and their activation
Order of access units and association to CVSs
Order of NAL units and coded pictures and their association
Order of VCL NAL units and association to coded pictures
Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits, and byte alignmen
Video parameter set RBSP semantics
Sequence parameter set RBSP semantics
Picture parameter set RBSP semantics
Supplemental enhancement information RBSP semantics
Access unit delimiter RBSP semantics
End of sequence RBSP semantics
End of bitstream RBSP semantics
Filler data RBSP semantics
Slice segment layer RBSP semantics
RBSP slice segment trailing bits semantics
RBSP trailing bits semantics
Byte alignment semantics
Profile, tier and level semantics
Scaling list data semantics
Supplemental enhancement information message semantics
Slice segment header semantics
General slice segment header semantics
Reference picture list modification semantics
Weighted prediction parameters semantics
Short-term reference picture set semantics
Slice segment data semantics
General slice segment data semantics
Coding tree unit semantics
Sample adaptive offset semantics
Coding quadtree semantics
Coding unit semantics
Prediction unit semantics
PCM sample semantics
Transform tree semantics
Motion vector difference semantics
Transform unit semantics
Residual coding semantics
Decoding process
General decoding process
NAL unit decoding process
Slice decoding process
Decoding process for picture order count
Decoding process for reference picture set
Decoding process for generating unavailable reference pictur
General decoding process for generating unavailable referenc
Generation of one unavailable picture
Decoding process for reference picture lists construction
Decoding process for coding units coded in intra prediction
General decoding process for coding units coded in intra pre
Derivation process for luma intra prediction mode
Derivation process for chroma intra prediction mode
Decoding process for intra blocks
General decoding process for intra blocks
Intra sample prediction
General intra sample prediction
Reference sample substitution process for intra sample predi
Filtering process of neighbouring samples
Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_PLANAR
Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_DC
Specification of intra prediction mode in the range of INTRA
Decoding process for coding units coded in inter prediction
General decoding process for coding units coded in inter pre
Inter prediction process
Decoding process for prediction units in inter prediction mo
General
Derivation process for motion vector components and referenc
Derivation process for luma motion vectors for merge mode
Derivation process for spatial merging candidates
Derivation process for combined bi-predictive merging candid
Derivation process for zero motion vector merging candidates
Derivation process for luma motion vector prediction
Derivation process for motion vector predictor candidates
Derivation process for temporal luma motion vector predictio
Derivation process for collocated motion vectors
Derivation process for chroma motion vectors
Decoding process for inter prediction samples
General
Reference picture selection process
Fractional sample interpolation process
General
Luma sample interpolation process
Chroma sample interpolation process
Weighted sample prediction process
General
Default weighted sample prediction process
Explicit weighted sample prediction process
Decoding process for the residual signal of coding units cod
General
Decoding process for luma residual blocks
Decoding process for chroma residual blocks
Scaling, transformation and array construction process prior
Derivation process for quantization parameters
Scaling and transformation process
Scaling process for transform coefficients
Transformation process for scaled transform coefficients
General
Transformation process
Picture construction process prior to in-loop filter process
In-loop filter process
General
Deblocking filter process
General
Derivation process of transform block boundary
Derivation process of prediction block boundary
Derivation process of boundary filtering strength
Edge filtering process
Vertical edge filtering process
Horizontal edge filtering process
Decision process for luma block edges
Filtering process for luma block edges
Filtering process for chroma block edges
Decision process for a luma sample
Filtering process for a luma sample
Filtering process for a chroma sample
Sample adaptive offset process
General
Coding tree block modification process
Parsing process
General
Parsing process for 0-th order Exp-Golomb codes
General
Mapping process for signed Exp-Golomb codes
CABAC parsing process for slice segment data
General
Initialization process
General
Initialization process for context variables
Storage process for context variables
Synchronization process for context variables
Initialization process for the arithmetic decoding engine
Binarization process
General
Truncated Rice (TR) binarization process
k-th order Exp-Golomb (EGk) binarization process
Fixed-length (FL) binarization process
Binarization process for part_mode
Binarization process for intra_chroma_pred_mode
Binarization process for inter_pred_idc
Binarization process for cu_qp_delta_abs
Binarization process for coeff_abs_level_remaining
Decoding process flow
General
Derivation process for ctxTable, ctxIdx and bypassFlag
General
Derivation process of ctxInc using left and above syntax ele
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax elements last_si
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coded_su
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element sig_coef
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_ab
Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_ab
Arithmetic decoding process
General
Arithmetic decoding process for a binary decision
General
State transition process
Renormalization process in the arithmetic decoding engine
Bypass decoding process for binary decisions
Decoding process for binary decisions before termination
Arithmetic encoding process (informative)
General
Initialization process for the arithmetic encoding engine (i
Encoding process for a binary decision (informative)
Renormalization process in the arithmetic encoding engine (i
Bypass encoding process for binary decisions (informative)
Encoding process for a binary decision before termination (i
Byte stuffing process (informative)
Sub-bitstream extraction process