ISO 9241-129:2010
Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 129: Guidance on software individualization
ISO 9241-129:2010 provides ergonomics guidance on individualization within interactive systems, including recommendations on where individualization might be appropriate or inappropriate and how to apply individualization.
It focuses on individualization of the software user interface to support the needs of users as individuals or as members of a defined group. It does not recommend specific implementations of individualization mechanisms. It provides guidance on how the various aspects of individualization are made usable and accessible, but does not specify which individualizations are to be included within a system. (Individualizations depend on the specific context of use for which an interactive system is to be designed and/or used, and need to be developed for that specific context of use.)
ISO 9241-129:2010 is not intended to be used in isolation. It deals only with individualization within the context of designing a complete software system. It is intended to be used with ISO 9241-110 and any other parts in the ISO 9241 series applicable to the design of the intended system.
Some of its guidance can also be applied to hardware user interfaces and user interfaces that combine software and hardware.
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Conformance
5 Framework for applying this part of ISO 9241
6 Introduction to individualization
6.1 The role of individualization
6.2 When to provide the capability for individualization
6.3 Limitations on the provision of individualization
6.4 Initiation of individualization
7 General guidance on individualization
7.1 Accessibility
7.2 Controllability
7.2.1 Maintaining user control after individualization
7.2.2 User activation or deactivation of individualization
7.2.3 Limitation of use of individualization features
7.2.4 Reversibility
7.2.5 Privacy
7.2.6 Safety and security
7.3 Detectability
7.3.1 Making users aware of individualization capabilities
7.3.2 Non-disruptive information on individualization capabilities
7.3.3 Providing additional information about individualization options
7.3.4 Making settings available
7.3.5 Making user profiles available
7.3.6 Making individualization evident
7.3.7 Explaining rationale for changes resulting from individualization
7.4 Consistency
7.4.1 Internal consistency
7.4.2 Consistency with the context
7.4.3 Consistency with user interface conventions
7.5 Usability of individualization results and features
7.5.1 Usability of system-initiated individualization results
7.5.2 Usability of individualization features
8 Stages of individualization
8.1 Initiation of individualization
8.1.1 Human-initiation
8.1.2 System-initiation
8.2 Deciding on individualization actions
8.2.1 Identification of alternative individualization actions
8.2.2 Selecting between alternatives
8.2.3 Approving system-initiated decisions
8.2.4 Evaluating human-initiated decisions
8.3 Changing system and context
8.3.1 Applying changes
8.3.2 Storing changes
9 Configuration, settings and defaults
9.1 Configuration and reconfiguration
9.1.1 Storing and using configuration settings
9.1.2 Supporting configuration
9.1.3 Persons performing configuration
9.1.4 Supporting reconfiguration
9.1.5 Persons performing reconfiguration
9.1.6 Accessing configuration settings
9.2 Usability of configuration and reconfiguration
9.2.1 Initial configuration settings for preconfiguration and reconfiguration
9.2.2 Providing guided configuration
9.2.3 Minimizing the need for configuration
9.2.4 Minimizing the effort to perform configuration
9.2.5 Provide reversal or confirmation of configuration actions
9.2.6 Protecting access to basic functions
9.2.7 Providing fail-safe completions
9.2.8 Restarting configurations
9.2.9 Saving and restoring configuration settings
9.2.10 Transferring configuration settings
9.2.11 Avoiding the need to restart the system
9.2.12 Providing user control over system restarts
9.2.13 Temporary and permanent configuration setting changes
9.2.14 Reverting to default configuration settings
9.2.15 Reversing unwanted language changes
9.2.16 Anticipating access problems for other applications
9.3 Guided configuration and reconfiguration
9.3.1 Preparing for configuration or reconfiguration
9.3.2 Minimizing information required to configure or reconfigure
9.3.3 Usability and accessibility of guided configuration
9.3.4 Understandability of guided configuration
9.3.5 Structure of guided configuration
9.3.6 Configuring individual settings
9.3.7 Configuration information and feedback
9.3.8 Ongoing monitoring
9.4 Default settings
9.4.1 Providing defaults
9.4.2 Overriding default values
9.4.3 Resetting to initial system-provided settings
9.4.4 Distinction between settings and defaults
9.4.5 User control of default settings
10 Supporting individual users
10.1 User profiles
10.1.1 User profiles supporting individualization
10.1.2 Saving commonly used information
10.1.3 Avoiding inconsistencies in profiles
10.1.4 Identifying and resolving inconsistencies in profiles
10.1.5 Storing user profiles
10.1.6 Using stereotype-based user profiles
10.2 User management of profiles
10.2.1 Activating user profiles
10.2.2 Selecting a default profile
10.2.3 Identifying the current user profile
10.2.4 Changing between profiles
10.2.5 Deactivating user profiles
10.2.6 Allowing users to manage user-specified profiles
10.2.7 Implementing changes to profiles
10.2.8 Organization of multiple profiles
10.2.9 Recovering profiles
10.3 Automatic profile acquisition
10.3.1 Using automatic profile acquisition
10.3.2 Providing user control of automatic profile acquisition
10.4 Portability of profiles
10.4.1 Providing capability to use profiles across compatible applications/systems
10.4.2 Synchronizing profiles
10.4.3 Providing capability to share profile information
10.4.4 Providing security of transmitted profiles
10.5 Providing training and help on use individualization
11 Individualizing interface components
11.1 General guidance on individualizing interface components
11.1.1 Using user interface styles/themes/skins
11.1.2 Individualizing the user interface elements present in an interface
11.1.3 Supporting user creation of tools
11.1.4 Adjusting presentation attributes of user interface elements
11.1.5 Individualizing media choices for input/output
11.1.6 Switching of input/output alternatives
11.2 Individualizing visual media
11.2.1 Adjusting size of displayed elements
11.2.2 Adjusting contrast and colours of displayed elements
11.2.3 Adjusting the layout of displayed elements
11.3 Individualizing auditory media
11.3.1 Providing audio volume controls
11.3.2 Adjusting other audio characteristics
11.3.3 Providing independent controls for different audio channels
11.3.4 Muting audio channels
11.4 Individualizing tactile media
11.4.1 Individualizing tactile parameters
11.4.2 Adjusting force feedback
11.5 Individualizing temporal aspects of media
11.5.1 Adjusting speed of interaction
11.5.2 Enable user control of timed responses
12 Individualizing interaction activities
12.1 Supporting user creation and use of stored interaction sequences
12.2 Providing user control of security options
12.3 User guidance
12.3.1 Context-sensitive user guidance
12.3.2 User-sensitive user guidance
12.4 On-line help
12.4.1 Consistency with the user guidance standard
12.4.2 Selecting the characteristics of on-line help
12.4.3 By-passing system-initiated help
12.4.4 Providing user control of triggering of non-critical notifications
12.4.5 Providing user control of timing of non-critical notifications
13 Individualizing content
13.1 General
13.1.1 Providing methods for individualizing organization and presentation of content
13.1.2 Maintaining integrity of content
13.1.3 Providing user control of the individualization of content
13.1.4 Taking account of the users’ tasks and information needs
13.1.5 Creating user-defined links
13.1.6 Sharing user-defined links
13.2 Cultural and linguistic variations
13.2.1 Differentiating between system and data language
13.2.2 Personalizing vocabularies
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Conformance
5 Framework for applying this part of ISO 9241
6 Introduction to individualization
6.1 The role of individualization
6.2 When to provide the capability for individualization
6.3 Limitations on the provision of individualization
6.4 Initiation of individualization
7 General guidance on individualization
7.1 Accessibility
7.2 Controllability
7.2.1 Maintaining user control after individualization
7.2.2 User activation or deactivation of individualization
7.2.3 Limitation of use of individualization features
7.2.4 Reversibility
7.2.5 Privacy
7.2.6 Safety and security
7.3 Detectability
7.3.1 Making users aware of individualization capabilities
7.3.2 Non-disruptive information on individualization capabilities
7.3.3 Providing additional information about individualization options
7.3.4 Making settings available
7.3.5 Making user profiles available
7.3.6 Making individualization evident
7.3.7 Explaining rationale for changes resulting from individualization
7.4 Consistency
7.4.1 Internal consistency
7.4.2 Consistency with the context
7.4.3 Consistency with user interface conventions
7.5 Usability of individualization results and features
7.5.1 Usability of system-initiated individualization results
7.5.2 Usability of individualization features
8 Stages of individualization
8.1 Initiation of individualization
8.1.1 Human-initiation
8.1.2 System-initiation
8.2 Deciding on individualization actions
8.2.1 Identification of alternative individualization actions
8.2.2 Selecting between alternatives
8.2.3 Approving system-initiated decisions
8.2.4 Evaluating human-initiated decisions
8.3 Changing system and context
8.3.1 Applying changes
8.3.2 Storing changes
9 Configuration, settings and defaults
9.1 Configuration and reconfiguration
9.1.1 Storing and using configuration settings
9.1.2 Supporting configuration
9.1.3 Persons performing configuration
9.1.4 Supporting reconfiguration
9.1.5 Persons performing reconfiguration
9.1.6 Accessing configuration settings
9.2 Usability of configuration and reconfiguration
9.2.1 Initial configuration settings for preconfiguration and reconfiguration
9.2.2 Providing guided configuration
9.2.3 Minimizing the need for configuration
9.2.4 Minimizing the effort to perform configuration
9.2.5 Provide reversal or confirmation of configuration actions
9.2.6 Protecting access to basic functions
9.2.7 Providing fail-safe completions
9.2.8 Restarting configurations
9.2.9 Saving and restoring configuration settings
9.2.10 Transferring configuration settings
9.2.11 Avoiding the need to restart the system
9.2.12 Providing user control over system restarts
9.2.13 Temporary and permanent configuration setting changes
9.2.14 Reverting to default configuration settings
9.2.15 Reversing unwanted language changes
9.2.16 Anticipating access problems for other applications
9.3 Guided configuration and reconfiguration
9.3.1 Preparing for configuration or reconfiguration
9.3.2 Minimizing information required to configure or reconfigure
9.3.3 Usability and accessibility of guided configuration
9.3.4 Understandability of guided configuration
9.3.5 Structure of guided configuration
9.3.6 Configuring individual settings
9.3.7 Configuration information and feedback
9.3.8 Ongoing monitoring
9.4 Default settings
9.4.1 Providing defaults
9.4.2 Overriding default values
9.4.3 Resetting to initial system-provided settings
9.4.4 Distinction between settings and defaults
9.4.5 User control of default settings
10 Supporting individual users
10.1 User profiles
10.1.1 User profiles supporting individualization
10.1.2 Saving commonly used information
10.1.3 Avoiding inconsistencies in profiles
10.1.4 Identifying and resolving inconsistencies in profiles
10.1.5 Storing user profiles
10.1.6 Using stereotype-based user profiles
10.2 User management of profiles
10.2.1 Activating user profiles
10.2.2 Selecting a default profile
10.2.3 Identifying the current user profile
10.2.4 Changing between profiles
10.2.5 Deactivating user profiles
10.2.6 Allowing users to manage user-specified profiles
10.2.7 Implementing changes to profiles
10.2.8 Organization of multiple profiles
10.2.9 Recovering profiles
10.3 Automatic profile acquisition
10.3.1 Using automatic profile acquisition
10.3.2 Providing user control of automatic profile acquisition
10.4 Portability of profiles
10.4.1 Providing capability to use profiles across compatible applications/systems
10.4.2 Synchronizing profiles
10.4.3 Providing capability to share profile information
10.4.4 Providing security of transmitted profiles
10.5 Providing training and help on use individualization
11 Individualizing interface components
11.1 General guidance on individualizing interface components
11.1.1 Using user interface styles/themes/skins
11.1.2 Individualizing the user interface elements present in an interface
11.1.3 Supporting user creation of tools
11.1.4 Adjusting presentation attributes of user interface elements
11.1.5 Individualizing media choices for input/output
11.1.6 Switching of input/output alternatives
11.2 Individualizing visual media
11.2.1 Adjusting size of displayed elements
11.2.2 Adjusting contrast and colours of displayed elements
11.2.3 Adjusting the layout of displayed elements
11.3 Individualizing auditory media
11.3.1 Providing audio volume controls
11.3.2 Adjusting other audio characteristics
11.3.3 Providing independent controls for different audio channels
11.3.4 Muting audio channels
11.4 Individualizing tactile media
11.4.1 Individualizing tactile parameters
11.4.2 Adjusting force feedback
11.5 Individualizing temporal aspects of media
11.5.1 Adjusting speed of interaction
11.5.2 Enable user control of timed responses
12 Individualizing interaction activities
12.1 Supporting user creation and use of stored interaction sequences
12.2 Providing user control of security options
12.3 User guidance
12.3.1 Context-sensitive user guidance
12.3.2 User-sensitive user guidance
12.4 On-line help
12.4.1 Consistency with the user guidance standard
12.4.2 Selecting the characteristics of on-line help
12.4.3 By-passing system-initiated help
12.4.4 Providing user control of triggering of non-critical notifications
12.4.5 Providing user control of timing of non-critical notifications
13 Individualizing content
13.1 General
13.1.1 Providing methods for individualizing organization and presentation of content
13.1.2 Maintaining integrity of content
13.1.3 Providing user control of the individualization of content
13.1.4 Taking account of the users’ tasks and information needs
13.1.5 Creating user-defined links
13.1.6 Sharing user-defined links
13.2 Cultural and linguistic variations
13.2.1 Differentiating between system and data language
13.2.2 Personalizing vocabularies