ISO 7745:2010
Hydraulic fluid power — Fire-resistant (FR) fluids — Requirements and guidelines for use
ISO 7745:2010 specifies the operational characteristics for the various categories of fire-resistant fluids defined by ISO 6743-4. ISO 7745:2010 details the factors to be considered when selecting a fluid from these categories for a proposed application.
ISO 7745:2010 identifies difficulties which might arise from the use of such fluids and indicates how they may be minimized. Appropriate procedures are given for replacing one fluid with another from a different category. Health and safety aspects when handling and disposing of fire-resistant fluids are also covered.
ISO 7745:2010 does not apply to fire-resistant fluids used in the hydraulic systems of commercial or military aircraft. The appropriate aviation standards are also usually applied where aircraft hydraulic fluids are filled into ground-based systems.
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1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Hydraulic systems — Fire hazards
3.1 General
3.2 Fault conditions
3.3 Sources of ignition
4 Hydraulic systems — General precautions
4.1 Assembly work
4.2 Pipework and hoses
4.3 Seals and gaskets
4.4 High fluid temperatures
5 Requirements for fire-resistant fluids
5.1 General fluid requirements
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Viscosity
5.1.3 Lubrication
5.1.4 Compatibility
5.1.5 Chemical and thermal stability
5.1.6 Air release and foaming
5.1.7 Shear stability
5.2 Other fluid properties which may impact on system design
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Filterability
5.2.3 Density
5.2.4 Vapour pressure
6 Characteristics of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids and factors affecting their selection
6.1 General
6.1.1 Composition
6.1.2 Classification of fire-resistant fluids
6.1.3 Fluid mixing
6.2 Characteristics of fluids in different categories
6.2.1 HFAE — Oil-in-water emulsions (thickened and unthickened)
6.2.1.1 General
6.2.1.2 Viscosity
6.2.1.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.1.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.1.5 Compatibility
6.2.1.6 Working temperature
6.2.1.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.1.8 Filtration
6.2.1.9 Disposal
6.2.2 HFAS — Chemical solutions in water (thickened and unthickened)
6.2.2.1 General
6.2.2.2 Viscosity
6.2.2.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.2.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.2.5 Compatibility
6.2.2.6 Working temperature
6.2.2.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.2.8 Filtration
6.2.2.9 Disposal
6.2.3 HFB — Water-in-oil emulsions (invert emulsions)
6.2.3.1 General
6.2.3.2 Viscosity
6.2.3.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.3.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.3.5 Compatibility
6.2.3.6 Working temperature
6.2.3.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.3.8 Filtration
6.2.3.9 Disposal
6.2.4 HFC — Water polymer solutions
6.2.4.1 General
6.2.4.2 Viscosity
6.2.4.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.4.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.4.5 Compatibility
6.2.4.6 Working temperature
6.2.4.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.4.8 Filtration
6.2.4.9 Disposal
6.2.5 HFDR — Synthetic fluids containing no water and consisting of phosphate esters
6.2.5.1 General
6.2.5.2 Viscosity
6.2.5.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.5.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.5.5 Compatibility
6.2.5.6 Working temperature
6.2.5.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.5.8 Filtration
6.2.5.9 Disposal
6.2.6 HFDU — Synthetic fluids containing no water and of other composition
6.2.6.1 General
6.2.6.2 Viscosity
6.2.6.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.6.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.6.5 Compatibility
6.2.6.6 Working temperature
6.2.6.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.6.8 Filtration
6.2.6.9 Disposal
7 Installation of hydraulic circuits
7.1 Reservoir
7.2 Pipework and hoses
7.3 Pump suction
7.4 Strainers and filters
7.5 Equipment performance
8 Changing the fluid in a hydraulic system
8.1 General
8.2 Draining and cleaning the circuit
8.3 Flushing and draining the circuit
8.4 Filling and re-commissioning the circuit
8.5 Appropriate flushing fluids
9 Handling
9.1 Safety data sheets
9.2 Handling procedures
9.3 Storage
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1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Hydraulic systems — Fire hazards
3.1 General
3.2 Fault conditions
3.3 Sources of ignition
4 Hydraulic systems — General precautions
4.1 Assembly work
4.2 Pipework and hoses
4.3 Seals and gaskets
4.4 High fluid temperatures
5 Requirements for fire-resistant fluids
5.1 General fluid requirements
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Viscosity
5.1.3 Lubrication
5.1.4 Compatibility
5.1.5 Chemical and thermal stability
5.1.6 Air release and foaming
5.1.7 Shear stability
5.2 Other fluid properties which may impact on system design
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Filterability
5.2.3 Density
5.2.4 Vapour pressure
6 Characteristics of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids and factors affecting their selection
6.1 General
6.1.1 Composition
6.1.2 Classification of fire-resistant fluids
6.1.3 Fluid mixing
6.2 Characteristics of fluids in different categories
6.2.1 HFAE — Oil-in-water emulsions (thickened and unthickened)
6.2.1.1 General
6.2.1.2 Viscosity
6.2.1.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.1.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.1.5 Compatibility
6.2.1.6 Working temperature
6.2.1.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.1.8 Filtration
6.2.1.9 Disposal
6.2.2 HFAS — Chemical solutions in water (thickened and unthickened)
6.2.2.1 General
6.2.2.2 Viscosity
6.2.2.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.2.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.2.5 Compatibility
6.2.2.6 Working temperature
6.2.2.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.2.8 Filtration
6.2.2.9 Disposal
6.2.3 HFB — Water-in-oil emulsions (invert emulsions)
6.2.3.1 General
6.2.3.2 Viscosity
6.2.3.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.3.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.3.5 Compatibility
6.2.3.6 Working temperature
6.2.3.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.3.8 Filtration
6.2.3.9 Disposal
6.2.4 HFC — Water polymer solutions
6.2.4.1 General
6.2.4.2 Viscosity
6.2.4.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.4.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.4.5 Compatibility
6.2.4.6 Working temperature
6.2.4.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.4.8 Filtration
6.2.4.9 Disposal
6.2.5 HFDR — Synthetic fluids containing no water and consisting of phosphate esters
6.2.5.1 General
6.2.5.2 Viscosity
6.2.5.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.5.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.5.5 Compatibility
6.2.5.6 Working temperature
6.2.5.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.5.8 Filtration
6.2.5.9 Disposal
6.2.6 HFDU — Synthetic fluids containing no water and of other composition
6.2.6.1 General
6.2.6.2 Viscosity
6.2.6.3 Lubrication properties
6.2.6.4 Corrosion protection
6.2.6.5 Compatibility
6.2.6.6 Working temperature
6.2.6.7 Fluid maintenance
6.2.6.8 Filtration
6.2.6.9 Disposal
7 Installation of hydraulic circuits
7.1 Reservoir
7.2 Pipework and hoses
7.3 Pump suction
7.4 Strainers and filters
7.5 Equipment performance
8 Changing the fluid in a hydraulic system
8.1 General
8.2 Draining and cleaning the circuit
8.3 Flushing and draining the circuit
8.4 Filling and re-commissioning the circuit
8.5 Appropriate flushing fluids
9 Handling
9.1 Safety data sheets
9.2 Handling procedures
9.3 Storage