ISO 20998-3:2017
Measurement and characterization of particles by acoustic methods — Part 3: Guidelines for non-linear theory
ISO 20998-3:2017 gives guidelines for ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy methods for determining the size distributions of one or more material phases dispersed in a liquid at high concentrations, where the ultrasonic attenuation spectrum is not a linear function of the particle volume fraction. In this regime, particle-particle interactions are not negligible.
ISO 20998-3:2017 is applicable to colloids, dispersions, slurries, and emulsions. The typical particle size for such analysis ranges from 10 nm to 3 mm, although particles outside this range have also been successfully measured. Measurements can be made for concentrations of the dispersed phase ranging from about 5 % by volume to over 50 % by volume, depending on the density contrast between the continuous and the dispersed phases, the particle size, and the frequency range[9] [10]. These ultrasonic methods can be used to monitor dynamic changes in the size distribution, including agglomeration or flocculation.
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Limits of applicability of linear theory
5.1 Multiple scattering
5.2 Concentration considerations
5.3 Steric repulsion
6 Measurement issues in concentrated systems
6.1 General
6.2 Path length limitation
6.3 High attenuation
6.4 Increased viscosity
6.5 Change in velocity
6.6 Change in pulse shape
6.7 Homogeneity
7 Nonlinear attenuation
8 Determination of particle size
8.1 Calculation
8.2 Limits of application
9 Instrument qualification
9.1 Calibration
9.2 Precision
9.2.1 Reference materials
9.2.2 Repeatability
9.2.3 Reproducibility
9.3 Accuracy
9.3.1 Qualification procedure
9.3.2 Reference materials
9.3.3 Instrument preparation
9.3.4 Accuracy test
9.3.5 Qualification acceptance criteria
10 Reporting of results
Annex A (informative) Theories of attenuation in concentrated systems
Annex B (informative) Practical example of PSD measurement (coupled phase model)
Bibliography
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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Limits of applicability of linear theory
5.1 Multiple scattering
5.2 Concentration considerations
5.3 Steric repulsion
6 Measurement issues in concentrated systems
6.1 General
6.2 Path length limitation
6.3 High attenuation
6.4 Increased viscosity
6.5 Change in velocity
6.6 Change in pulse shape
6.7 Homogeneity
7 Nonlinear attenuation
8 Determination of particle size
8.1 Calculation
8.2 Limits of application
9 Instrument qualification
9.1 Calibration
9.2 Precision
9.2.1 Reference materials
9.2.2 Repeatability
9.2.3 Reproducibility
9.3 Accuracy
9.3.1 Qualification procedure
9.3.2 Reference materials
9.3.3 Instrument preparation
9.3.4 Accuracy test
9.3.5 Qualification acceptance criteria
10 Reporting of results
Annex A (informative) Theories of attenuation in concentrated systems
Annex B (informative) Practical example of PSD measurement (coupled phase model)
Bibliography