ISO 13794:2019
Ambient air — Determination of asbestos fibres — Indirect-transfer transmission electron microscopy method
This document specifies a reference method using transmission electron microscopy for the determination of airborne asbestos fibres and structures in in a wide range of ambient air situations, including the interior atmospheres of buildings, and for a detailed evaluation for asbestos structures in any atmosphere. The specimen preparation procedure incorporates ashing and dispersion of the collected particulate, so that all asbestos is measured, including the asbestos originally incorporated in particle aggregates or particles of composite materials. The lengths, widths and aspect ratios of the asbestos fibres and bundles are measured, and these, together with the density of the type of asbestos, also allow the total mass concentration of airborne asbestos to be calculated. The method allows determination of the type(s) of asbestos fibres present. The method cannot discriminate between individual fibres of the asbestos and elongate fragments (cleavage fragments and acicular particles) from non-asbestos analogues of the same amphibole mineral[12].
| Get this standard | Prices exclude GST | |
|---|---|---|
| PDF ( Single user document) |
$361.74 NZD
|
|
| HardCopy |
$406.09 NZD
|
|
| Networkable PDF |
Price varies
|
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Type of sample
6 Range
7 Limit of detection
8 Principle
9 Reagents
10 Apparatus
10.1 Air sampling
10.1.1 Filter cassette
10.1.2 Sampling pump
10.1.3 Stand
10.1.4 Personal sampling
10.1.5 Flowmeter
10.2 Specimen preparation laboratory
10.3 Equipment for analysis
10.3.1 Transmission electron microscope
10.3.2 Energy dispersive X-ray analyser
10.3.3 Plasma asher
10.3.4 Vacuum coating unit
10.3.5 Sputter coater
10.3.6 Beakers
10.3.7 Vacuum source
10.3.8 Glass filtration apparatus
10.3.9 Solvent washer (Jaffe washer)
10.3.10 Condensation washer
10.3.11 Slide warmer or oven
10.3.12 Ultrasonic bath
10.3.13 Carbon grating replica
10.3.14 Calibration specimen grids for EDXA
10.3.15 Carbon rod sharpener
10.3.16 Disposable tip micropipettes
10.3.17 Thermometer
10.3.18 Stopwatch
10.4 Consumable supplies
10.4.1 Copper or nickel electron microscope grids
10.4.2 Gold or nickel electron microscope grids
10.4.3 Aluminium foil
10.4.4 Carbon rod electrodes
10.4.5 Routine electron microscopy tools and supplies.
10.4.6 Reference asbestos samples
10.4.7 Reference samples of mineral fibres other than asbestos
11 Air sample collection
11.1 Calculation of analytical sensitivity
11.2 Sample collection procedure
12 Procedure for analysis
12.1 General
12.2 Cleaning of sample cassettes
12.3 Preparation of analytical filters
12.3.1 Selection of filter area for ashing
12.3.2 Ashing of sample collection filters
12.3.3 Aqueous dispersal of residual ash from sample collection filters
12.3.4 Assembly of system for filtration of aqueous dispersions
12.3.5 Filtration of aqueous dispersions
12.4 Preparation of TEM specimens from PC analytical filters
12.4.1 Selection of filter area for carbon-coating
12.4.2 Carbon-coating of filter portions
12.4.3 Preparation of the Jaffe washer
12.4.4 Placing of specimens into the Jaffe washer
12.5 Preparation of TEM specimens from cellulose ester analytical filters
12.5.1 Selection of area of filter for preparation
12.5.2 Preparation of solution for collapsing cellulose ester filters
12.5.3 Filter-collapsing procedure
12.5.4 Plasma etching of the filter surface
12.5.5 Carbon-coating
12.5.6 Preparation of the Jaffe washer
12.5.7 Placing of specimens in the Jaffe washer
12.6 Criteria for acceptable TEM specimen grids
12.7 Procedure for structure counting by TEM
12.7.1 General
12.7.2 Measurement of mean grid opening area
12.7.3 TEM alignment and calibration procedures
12.7.4 Determination of criterion for termination of TEM examination
12.7.5 General procedure for structure counting and size analysis
12.7.6 Estimation of mass concentration of asbestos fibres and bundles
12.7.7 Magnification requirements
12.8 Blank and quality control determinations
12.9 Calculation of results
13 Performance characteristics
13.1 General
13.2 Interferences and limitations of fibre identification
13.3 Precision and accuracy
13.3.1 Precision
13.3.2 Accuracy
13.3.3 Inter- and intra-laboratory analyses
13.4 Limit of detection
14 Test report
Annex A (normative) Determination of operating conditions for plasma asher
Annex B (normative) Determination and standardization of operating conditions for ultrasonic bath
Annex C (normative) Calibration procedures
Annex D (normative) Structure counting criteria
Annex E (normative) Fibre identification procedure
Annex F (normative) Determination of the concentration of asbestos fibres and bundles longer than 5 µm and PCM equivalent asbestos fibres
Annex G (normative) Calculation of results
Annex H (normative) Test procedure to determine suitability of cellulose ester sample collection filters
Annex I (informative) Strategies for collection of air samples
Bibliography
Previous versions
Keep me up-to-date
Register to receive notifications when updates are made to this standard.
Related Information
Similar Standards
-
AS/NZS 3580.1.1:2016
Methods for sampling and analysis of ambient air - Guide to siting air monitoring equipment -
AS/NZS 3580.10.1:2016
Methods for sampling and analysis of ambient air - Method 10.1: Determination of particulate matter - Deposited matter - Gravimetric method -
AS/NZS 3580.10.2:2013
Methods for sampling and analysis of ambient air - Method 10.2: Determination of particulate matter - Impinged matter - Gravimetric method -
AS/NZS 3580.11.1:2013
Methods for sampling and analysis of ambient air - Method 11.1: Determination of methane and non-methane organic compounds in ambient air - Direct-reading instrumental method
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Type of sample
6 Range
7 Limit of detection
8 Principle
9 Reagents
10 Apparatus
10.1 Air sampling
10.1.1 Filter cassette
10.1.2 Sampling pump
10.1.3 Stand
10.1.4 Personal sampling
10.1.5 Flowmeter
10.2 Specimen preparation laboratory
10.3 Equipment for analysis
10.3.1 Transmission electron microscope
10.3.2 Energy dispersive X-ray analyser
10.3.3 Plasma asher
10.3.4 Vacuum coating unit
10.3.5 Sputter coater
10.3.6 Beakers
10.3.7 Vacuum source
10.3.8 Glass filtration apparatus
10.3.9 Solvent washer (Jaffe washer)
10.3.10 Condensation washer
10.3.11 Slide warmer or oven
10.3.12 Ultrasonic bath
10.3.13 Carbon grating replica
10.3.14 Calibration specimen grids for EDXA
10.3.15 Carbon rod sharpener
10.3.16 Disposable tip micropipettes
10.3.17 Thermometer
10.3.18 Stopwatch
10.4 Consumable supplies
10.4.1 Copper or nickel electron microscope grids
10.4.2 Gold or nickel electron microscope grids
10.4.3 Aluminium foil
10.4.4 Carbon rod electrodes
10.4.5 Routine electron microscopy tools and supplies.
10.4.6 Reference asbestos samples
10.4.7 Reference samples of mineral fibres other than asbestos
11 Air sample collection
11.1 Calculation of analytical sensitivity
11.2 Sample collection procedure
12 Procedure for analysis
12.1 General
12.2 Cleaning of sample cassettes
12.3 Preparation of analytical filters
12.3.1 Selection of filter area for ashing
12.3.2 Ashing of sample collection filters
12.3.3 Aqueous dispersal of residual ash from sample collection filters
12.3.4 Assembly of system for filtration of aqueous dispersions
12.3.5 Filtration of aqueous dispersions
12.4 Preparation of TEM specimens from PC analytical filters
12.4.1 Selection of filter area for carbon-coating
12.4.2 Carbon-coating of filter portions
12.4.3 Preparation of the Jaffe washer
12.4.4 Placing of specimens into the Jaffe washer
12.5 Preparation of TEM specimens from cellulose ester analytical filters
12.5.1 Selection of area of filter for preparation
12.5.2 Preparation of solution for collapsing cellulose ester filters
12.5.3 Filter-collapsing procedure
12.5.4 Plasma etching of the filter surface
12.5.5 Carbon-coating
12.5.6 Preparation of the Jaffe washer
12.5.7 Placing of specimens in the Jaffe washer
12.6 Criteria for acceptable TEM specimen grids
12.7 Procedure for structure counting by TEM
12.7.1 General
12.7.2 Measurement of mean grid opening area
12.7.3 TEM alignment and calibration procedures
12.7.4 Determination of criterion for termination of TEM examination
12.7.5 General procedure for structure counting and size analysis
12.7.6 Estimation of mass concentration of asbestos fibres and bundles
12.7.7 Magnification requirements
12.8 Blank and quality control determinations
12.9 Calculation of results
13 Performance characteristics
13.1 General
13.2 Interferences and limitations of fibre identification
13.3 Precision and accuracy
13.3.1 Precision
13.3.2 Accuracy
13.3.3 Inter- and intra-laboratory analyses
13.4 Limit of detection
14 Test report
Annex A (normative) Determination of operating conditions for plasma asher
Annex B (normative) Determination and standardization of operating conditions for ultrasonic bath
Annex C (normative) Calibration procedures
Annex D (normative) Structure counting criteria
Annex E (normative) Fibre identification procedure
Annex F (normative) Determination of the concentration of asbestos fibres and bundles longer than 5 µm and PCM equivalent asbestos fibres
Annex G (normative) Calculation of results
Annex H (normative) Test procedure to determine suitability of cellulose ester sample collection filters
Annex I (informative) Strategies for collection of air samples
Bibliography