ISO 13579-3:2013
Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment — Method of measuring energy balance and calculating efficiency — Part 3: Batch-type aluminium melting furnaces
ISO 13579-3:2013 specifies general methodology for measuring energy balance and calculating the efficiency of the process involving batch-type aluminium melting furnaces as designed by furnace manufacturers. This general methodology includes measurement methods, calculations (general calculation) and energy balance and efficiency calculation evaluation report. ISO 13579-3:2013 is not applicable to any efficiencies related to the process itself outside of batch-type aluminium melting furnaces.
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms related to type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579
3.1.1 Total energy input
3.1.2 Fuel equivalent energy
3.1.3 Other energy input
3.1.4 Total energy output
3.1.5 Thermal energy output
3.1.6 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
3.1.7 Energy used for generation of utility
3.1.8 Electrical generation loss
3.1.9 Thermal energy balance
3.1.10 Energy balance of electrical generation
3.1.11 Recycled energy
4 Symbols
5 Basic principles
5.1 General
5.2 Energy flow diagram
5.3 Process Heating Assessment Survey Tool
6 Basic conditions of measurement and calculation
6.1 State of furnace
6.2 Duration of measurement
6.3 Unit of specific energy intensity
6.4 Reference conditions
6.5 Unit of amount of gas
6.6 Fuel
7 Type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579
7.1 General
7.2 Energy balance
7.2.1 Total energy input
7.2.2 Fuel equivalent energy
7.2.3 Other energy input
7.2.4 Total energy output
7.2.5 Thermal energy output
7.2.6 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
7.2.7 Energy used for generation of utility
7.2.8 Electrical generation loss
7.3 Thermal energy balance
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Thermal energy input from electrical heating source
7.3.3 Circulating heat
7.4 Energy balance of electrical generation
7.4.1 General
7.5 Recycled energy
8 Measurement method
8.1 General
8.2 Fuel
8.2.1 Volume
8.2.2 Sampling, test, analysis and measurement of calorific value
8.2.3 Pressure and temperature
8.3 Atomization agent
8.3.1 Volume
8.3.2 Pressure and temperature
8.4 Combustion air and exhaust gas
8.4.1 Combustion air
8.4.1.1 Combustion air volume
8.4.1.2 Combustion air pressure and temperature
8.4.2 Exhaust gas
8.4.2.1 Temperature
8.4.2.2 Method of exhaust gas analysis
8.4.3 Measurement method for burners with recuperative functions
8.4.3.1 Regenerative burners
8.4.3.1.1 Measurement positions
8.4.3.1.2 Measurement of exhaust gas temperature
8.4.3.2 Recuperative radiant tube burners
8.5 Products
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Mass
8.5.2.1 Load (aluminium scrap)
8.5.2.2 Molten aluminium
8.5.2.3 Scale and dross
8.5.3 Temperature
8.5.3.1 Load (aluminium scrap)
8.5.3.2 Molten aluminium
8.5.4 Scale and dross
8.5.5 Residual aluminium in the furnace
8.6 Temperature of furnace surface
8.6.1 Furnace wall
8.6.2 Cross-sectional area of furnace parts installed through furnace wall
8.7 Furnace inner wall temperature
8.8 Inner furnace pressure
8.9 Cooling water
8.9.1 Temperature
8.9.2 Volume
8.10 Electrical auxiliary equipment
8.10.1 Installed electrical auxiliary equipment
8.10.2 Energy for fluid transfer
8.11 Generation of utilities
8.12 Recycled energy
9 Calculation
9.1 General provisions
9.2 Total energy input
9.2.1 Calorific value of fuel
9.2.1.1 General
9.2.1.2 Gaseous fuel
9.2.1.3 Liquid fuel
9.2.2 Calorific value of waste
9.2.3 Calorific value of source gas of atmospheric gas
9.2.4 Fuel equivalent energy of electricity
9.2.4.1 Sensible heat of fuel
9.2.5 Sensible heat of combustion air
9.2.5.1 General
9.2.5.2 Gaseous fuel
9.2.5.3 Liquid fuel
9.2.5.4 Simplified calculation of excess air ratio
9.2.6 Sensible heat of atomization agent
9.2.7 Heat of reaction
9.2.8 Sensible heat of infiltration air
9.3 Total energy output
9.3.1 Thermal energy output
9.3.1.1 Effective energy
9.3.1.1.1 General
9.3.1.1.2 Sensible heat of products
9.3.1.1.2.1 At the time of loading
9.3.1.1.2.2 At the time of extracting
9.3.1.2 Sensible heat of oxidized substance
9.3.1.3 Sensible heat of exhaust gas
9.3.1.3.1 General
9.3.1.3.2 Gaseous fuel
9.3.1.3.3 Liquid fuel
9.3.1.4 Heat storage loss by batch-type furnace
9.3.1.5 Sensible heat loss of atmospheric gas
9.3.1.6 Wall loss
9.3.1.7 Heat loss of discharged blowout from furnace opening
9.3.1.8 Heat loss of radiation from furnace opening
9.3.1.9 Heat loss from furnace parts installed through furnace wall
9.3.1.10 Cooling water loss
9.3.2 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.1 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.2 Energy consumed in installed electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.3 Energy used for fluid transfer
9.3.3 Energy used for generation of utilities
9.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.2 Oxygen
9.3.3.3 Steam
9.3.4 Electrical generation loss
9.4 Total energy efficiency
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Total energy efficiency limited to the heating-up process
10 Energy balanace evaluation report
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1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms related to type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579
3.1.1 Total energy input
3.1.2 Fuel equivalent energy
3.1.3 Other energy input
3.1.4 Total energy output
3.1.5 Thermal energy output
3.1.6 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
3.1.7 Energy used for generation of utility
3.1.8 Electrical generation loss
3.1.9 Thermal energy balance
3.1.10 Energy balance of electrical generation
3.1.11 Recycled energy
4 Symbols
5 Basic principles
5.1 General
5.2 Energy flow diagram
5.3 Process Heating Assessment Survey Tool
6 Basic conditions of measurement and calculation
6.1 State of furnace
6.2 Duration of measurement
6.3 Unit of specific energy intensity
6.4 Reference conditions
6.5 Unit of amount of gas
6.6 Fuel
7 Type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579
7.1 General
7.2 Energy balance
7.2.1 Total energy input
7.2.2 Fuel equivalent energy
7.2.3 Other energy input
7.2.4 Total energy output
7.2.5 Thermal energy output
7.2.6 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
7.2.7 Energy used for generation of utility
7.2.8 Electrical generation loss
7.3 Thermal energy balance
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Thermal energy input from electrical heating source
7.3.3 Circulating heat
7.4 Energy balance of electrical generation
7.4.1 General
7.5 Recycled energy
8 Measurement method
8.1 General
8.2 Fuel
8.2.1 Volume
8.2.2 Sampling, test, analysis and measurement of calorific value
8.2.3 Pressure and temperature
8.3 Atomization agent
8.3.1 Volume
8.3.2 Pressure and temperature
8.4 Combustion air and exhaust gas
8.4.1 Combustion air
8.4.1.1 Combustion air volume
8.4.1.2 Combustion air pressure and temperature
8.4.2 Exhaust gas
8.4.2.1 Temperature
8.4.2.2 Method of exhaust gas analysis
8.4.3 Measurement method for burners with recuperative functions
8.4.3.1 Regenerative burners
8.4.3.1.1 Measurement positions
8.4.3.1.2 Measurement of exhaust gas temperature
8.4.3.2 Recuperative radiant tube burners
8.5 Products
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Mass
8.5.2.1 Load (aluminium scrap)
8.5.2.2 Molten aluminium
8.5.2.3 Scale and dross
8.5.3 Temperature
8.5.3.1 Load (aluminium scrap)
8.5.3.2 Molten aluminium
8.5.4 Scale and dross
8.5.5 Residual aluminium in the furnace
8.6 Temperature of furnace surface
8.6.1 Furnace wall
8.6.2 Cross-sectional area of furnace parts installed through furnace wall
8.7 Furnace inner wall temperature
8.8 Inner furnace pressure
8.9 Cooling water
8.9.1 Temperature
8.9.2 Volume
8.10 Electrical auxiliary equipment
8.10.1 Installed electrical auxiliary equipment
8.10.2 Energy for fluid transfer
8.11 Generation of utilities
8.12 Recycled energy
9 Calculation
9.1 General provisions
9.2 Total energy input
9.2.1 Calorific value of fuel
9.2.1.1 General
9.2.1.2 Gaseous fuel
9.2.1.3 Liquid fuel
9.2.2 Calorific value of waste
9.2.3 Calorific value of source gas of atmospheric gas
9.2.4 Fuel equivalent energy of electricity
9.2.4.1 Sensible heat of fuel
9.2.5 Sensible heat of combustion air
9.2.5.1 General
9.2.5.2 Gaseous fuel
9.2.5.3 Liquid fuel
9.2.5.4 Simplified calculation of excess air ratio
9.2.6 Sensible heat of atomization agent
9.2.7 Heat of reaction
9.2.8 Sensible heat of infiltration air
9.3 Total energy output
9.3.1 Thermal energy output
9.3.1.1 Effective energy
9.3.1.1.1 General
9.3.1.1.2 Sensible heat of products
9.3.1.1.2.1 At the time of loading
9.3.1.1.2.2 At the time of extracting
9.3.1.2 Sensible heat of oxidized substance
9.3.1.3 Sensible heat of exhaust gas
9.3.1.3.1 General
9.3.1.3.2 Gaseous fuel
9.3.1.3.3 Liquid fuel
9.3.1.4 Heat storage loss by batch-type furnace
9.3.1.5 Sensible heat loss of atmospheric gas
9.3.1.6 Wall loss
9.3.1.7 Heat loss of discharged blowout from furnace opening
9.3.1.8 Heat loss of radiation from furnace opening
9.3.1.9 Heat loss from furnace parts installed through furnace wall
9.3.1.10 Cooling water loss
9.3.2 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.1 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.2 Energy consumed in installed electrical auxiliary equipment
9.3.2.3 Energy used for fluid transfer
9.3.3 Energy used for generation of utilities
9.3.3.1 General
9.3.3.2 Oxygen
9.3.3.3 Steam
9.3.4 Electrical generation loss
9.4 Total energy efficiency
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Total energy efficiency limited to the heating-up process
10 Energy balanace evaluation report